{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T23:56:09Z","timestamp":1793836569863,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":133,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]],"date-time":"2024-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706659200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]],"date-time":"2024-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["AIDS Res Ther"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Availability of anti-retroviral treatment has changed HIV in to a manageable chronic disease, making effective self-management essential. However, only a few studies in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) reported experiences of people living with HIV (PLWH) on self-management.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This meta-synthesis of qualitative studies investigated perspectives of PLWH in LMICs on self-management. Various databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, EBSCO, and CINHAL, were searched through June 2022. Relevant additional articles were also included using cross-referencing of the identified papers. We used a thematic synthesis guided by the \"Model of the Individual and Family Self-Management Theory\" (IFSMT).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>PLWH in LIMICs experience a variety of challenges that restrict their options for effective self-management and compromises their quality of life. The main ones include: misconceptions about the disease, poor self-efficacy and self-management skills, negative social perceptions, and a non-patient-centered model of care that reduces the role of patients. The experiences that influenced the ability to practice self-management are summarized in context (the condition itself, physical and environmental factors, individual and family factors) and process factors (knowledge and beliefs, relationship with the health care worker, self-regulation skills and abilities, and social facilitation). Context and process greatly impacted quality of life through the self-management practices of the patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion and recommendation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>PLWH encounter multiple challenges, are not empowered enough to manage their own chronic condition, and their needs beyond medical care are not addressed by service providers. Self-management practice of these patients is poor, and service providers do not follow service delivery approaches that empower patients to be at the center of their own care and to achieve an effective and sustainable outcome from treatment. These findings call for a comprehensive well thought self-management interventions.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12981-024-00595-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]],"date-time":"2024-01-31T06:02:29Z","timestamp":1706680949000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Experiences of people living with HIV in low- and middle-income countries and their perspectives in self-management: a meta-synthesis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1361-9649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tegene Legese","family":"Dadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anja M. C.","family":"Wiemers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yadessa","family":"Tegene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Girmay","family":"Medhin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Spigt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"595_CR1","unstructured":"UNAIDS. UNAIDS Data  2021 - HIV burden. Geneva: Joint United Nations Programme on HIV\/AIDS (UNAIDS). 2021."},{"key":"595_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"b2165","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2165","volume":"338","author":"RA Atun","year":"2009","unstructured":"Atun RA, Gurol-Urganci I, McKee M. Health systems and increased longevity in people with HIV and AIDS. BMJ. 2009;338:b2165.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1207\/S15324796ABM2601_01","volume":"26","author":"KR Lorig","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lorig KR, Holman H. Self-management education: history, definition, outcomes, and mechanisms. Ann Behav Med. 2003;26(1):1\u20137.","journal-title":"Ann Behav Med"},{"key":"595_CR4","volume-title":"Essential elements of self-management interventions","author":"H CftAo","year":"2002","unstructured":"Center for the Advancement of Health. Essential elements of self-management interventions. Washington, DC: Center for the Advancement of Health. 2002."},{"issue":"5","key":"595_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0232709","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0232709","volume":"15","author":"HA Areri","year":"2020","unstructured":"Areri HA, Marshall A, Harvey G. Interventions to improve self-management of adults living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy: a systematic review. PLoS ONE. 2020;15(5):e0232709.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"5","key":"595_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1177\/0008417413512792","volume":"80","author":"KN Bernardin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bernardin KN, Toews DN, Restall GJ, Vuongphan L. Self-management interventions for people living with human immunodeficiency virus: a scoping review. Can J Occup Ther. 2013;80(5):314\u201327.","journal-title":"Can J Occup Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"595_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2014.01.007","volume":"95","author":"CJ Aantjes","year":"2014","unstructured":"Aantjes CJ, Ramerman L, Bunders JF. A systematic review of the literature on self-management interventions and discussion of their potential relevance for people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. Patient Educ Couns. 2014;95(2):185\u2013200.","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"issue":"2","key":"595_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2012.0294","volume":"27","author":"T Millard","year":"2013","unstructured":"Millard T, Elliott J, Girdler S. Self-management education programs for people living with HIV\/AIDS: a systematic review. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2013;27(2):103\u201313.","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"key":"595_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.2174\/1874613601711010119","volume":"11","author":"V Cooper","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cooper V, Clatworthy J, Whetham J, Consortium E. Health interventions to support self-management in HIV: a systematic review. Open AIDS J. 2017;11:119\u201332.","journal-title":"Open AIDS J"},{"key":"595_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-8603-7-38","volume":"7","author":"J van Olmen","year":"2011","unstructured":"van Olmen J, Ku GM, Bermejo R, Kegels G, Hermann K, Van Damme W. The growing caseload of chronic life-long conditions calls for a move towards full self-management in low-income countries. Global Health. 2011;7:38.","journal-title":"Global Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"595_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.outlook.2008.10.004","volume":"57","author":"P Ryan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ryan P, Sawin KJ. The individual and family self-management theory: background and perspectives on context, process, and outcomes. Nurs Outlook. 2009;57(4):217\u201356.","journal-title":"Nurs Outlook"},{"issue":"3","key":"595_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2010.12.021","volume":"82","author":"N Britten","year":"2011","unstructured":"Britten N. Qualitative research on health communication: what can it contribute? Patient Educ Couns. 2011;82(3):384\u20138.","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2013.02.009","volume":"92","author":"J Trappenburg","year":"2013","unstructured":"Trappenburg J, Jonkman N, Jaarsma T, van Os-Medendorp H, Kort H, de Wit N, et al. Self-management: one size does not fit all. Patient Educ Couns. 2013;92(1):134\u20137.","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"issue":"10","key":"595_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3189","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfq833","volume":"26","author":"K Schipper","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schipper K, Abma TA. Coping, family and mastery: top priorities for social science research by patients with chronic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2011;26(10):3189\u201395.","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"595_CR15","volume-title":"Handbook for synthesizing qualitative research","author":"M Sandelowski","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sandelowski M, Barroso J. Handbook for synthesizing qualitative research. New York: Springer Publishing Company Inc. 2007."},{"key":"595_CR16","unstructured":"Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). CASP Systematic Review Checklist. Oxford, UK: CASP UK - OAP Ltd. 2018."},{"issue":"Supplement_2","key":"595_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ii36","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czz112","volume":"34","author":"M Hing","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hing M, Hoffman RM, Seleman J, Chibwana F, Kahn D, Moucheraud C. \u201cBlood pressure can kill you tomorrow, but HIV gives you time\u201d: illness perceptions and treatment experiences among Malawian individuals living with HIV and hypertension. Health Policy Plan. 2019;34(Supplement_2):ii36\u201344.","journal-title":"Health Policy Plan"},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-684X-12-35","volume":"12","author":"L Selman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Selman L, Simms V, Penfold S, Powell RA, Mwangi-Powell F, Downing J, et al. 'My dreams are shuttered down and it hurts lots\u2019\u2014a qualitative study of palliative care needs and their management by HIV outpatient services in Kenya and Uganda. BMC Palliat Care. 2013;12(1):35.","journal-title":"BMC Palliat Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"595_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0194191","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0194191","volume":"13","author":"R Matima","year":"2018","unstructured":"Matima R, Murphy K, Levitt NS, BeLue R, Oni T. A qualitative study on the experiences and perspectives of public sector patients in Cape Town in managing the workload of demands of HIV and type 2 diabetes multimorbidity. PLoS One. 2018;13(3):e0194191.","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"4","key":"595_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1080\/07399332.2010.536282","volume":"32","author":"AM Nyamathi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nyamathi AM, Sinha S, Ganguly KK, William RR, Heravian A, Ramakrishnan P, et al. Challenges experienced by rural women in India living with AIDS and implications for the delivery of HIV\/AIDS care. Health Care Women Int. 2011;32(4):300\u201313.","journal-title":"Health Care Women Int"},{"issue":"7","key":"595_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0199977","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0199977","volume":"13","author":"V Angwenyi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Angwenyi V, Aantjes C, Kajumi M, De Man J, Criel B, Bunders-Aelen J. Patients experiences of self-management and strategies for dealing with chronic conditions in rural Malawi. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(7):e0199977.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"3","key":"595_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1177\/1055329003261967","volume":"15","author":"B Majumdar","year":"2004","unstructured":"Majumdar B. An exploration of socioeconomic, spiritual, and family support among HIV-positive women in India. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care JANAC. 2004;15(3):37\u201346.","journal-title":"J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care JANAC"},{"key":"595_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/hsag.v15i1.509","author":"RR Marie Modeste","year":"2010","unstructured":"Marie Modeste RR, Majeke S. Self-care symptom-management strategies Amongst women living with HIV \/AI DS in an urban area in KwaZulu-Natal. Health SA Gesondheid. 2010. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/hsag.v15i1.509.","journal-title":"Health SA Gesondheid"},{"issue":"12","key":"595_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2013.0254","volume":"27","author":"F Martin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Martin F, Kiwanuka T, Kawuma R, Zalwango F, Seeley J. Tasks and strategies of self-management of living with antiretroviral therapy in Uganda. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2013;27(12):697\u2013706.","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"issue":"5","key":"595_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.2017.29.5.401","volume":"29","author":"N Khumsaen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Khumsaen N, Stephenson R. Adaptation of the HIV\/AIDS self-management education program for men who have sex with men in Thailand: an application of the ADAPT-ITT framework. AIDS Edu Prevent Off Publ Int Soc AIDS Edu. 2017;29(5):401\u201317.","journal-title":"AIDS Edu Prevent Off Publ Int Soc AIDS Edu"},{"issue":"5","key":"595_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-008-9478-x","volume":"13","author":"B Thomas","year":"2009","unstructured":"Thomas B, Nyamathi A, Swaminathan S. Impact of HIV\/AIDS on mothers in southern India: a qualitative study. AIDS Behav. 2009;13(5):989\u201396.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"20","key":"595_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2013.872199","volume":"36","author":"S Cobbing","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cobbing S, Hanass-Hancock J, Deane M. Physiotherapy rehabilitation in the context of HIV and disability in KwaZulu-Natal. South Africa Disabil Rehabil. 2014;36(20):1687\u201394.","journal-title":"South Africa Disabil Rehabil"},{"issue":"4","key":"595_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1080\/15381501.2010.525474","volume":"9","author":"AM Nyamathi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nyamathi AM, William RR, Ganguly KK, Sinha S, Heravian A, Albarr\u00e1n CR, et al. Perceptions of women living with aids in rural India related to the engagement of HIV-trained accredited social health activists for care and support. J HIV AIDS Soc Serv. 2010;9(4):385\u2013404.","journal-title":"J HIV AIDS Soc Serv"},{"key":"595_CR29","unstructured":"Gaden A. A Comparative study of the barriers to HIV self-management among Myanmar migrant and Han Chinese women in Yunnan, China. Independent study project (ISP) collection. 2017;2736."},{"key":"595_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnr.2016.06.004","volume":"32","author":"K Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang K, Chen WT, Zhang L, Bao M, Zhao H, Lu H. Facilitators of and barriers to HIV self-management: Perspectives of HIV-positive women in China. Appl Nurs Res. 2016;32:91\u20137.","journal-title":"Appl Nurs Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"595_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0149527","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149527","volume":"11","author":"MH Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim MH, Zhou A, Mazenga A, Ahmed S, Markham C, Zomba G, et al. Why did i stop? Barriers and facilitators to uptake and adherence to ART in option B+ HIV care in Lilongwe, Malawi. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(2):e0149527.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"10","key":"595_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2013.764391","volume":"25","author":"PM Musumari","year":"2013","unstructured":"Musumari PM, Feldman MD, Techasrivichien T, Wouters E, Ono-Kihara M, Kihara M. \u201cIf I have nothing to eat, I get angry and push the pills bottle away from me\u201d: a qualitative study of patient determinants of adherence to antiretroviral therapy in the Democratic Republic of Congo. AIDS Care. 2013;25(10):1271\u20137.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"595_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-450","volume":"13","author":"M Ngarina","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ngarina M, Popenoe R, Kilewo C, Biberfeld G, Ekstrom AM. Reasons for poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy postnatally in HIV-1 infected women treated for their own health: experiences from the Mitra Plus study in Tanzania. BMC Public Health. 2013;13:450.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"595_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120701244943","volume":"19","author":"AP Hardon","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hardon AP, Akurut D, Comoro C, Ekezie C, Irunde HF, Gerrits T, et al. Hunger, waiting time and transport costs: time to confront challenges to ART adherence in Africa. AIDS Care. 2007;19(5):658\u201365.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"595_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052971","author":"J Renju","year":"2017","unstructured":"Renju J, Moshabela M, McLean E, Ddaaki W, Skovdal M, Odongo F, et al. \u201cSide effects\u201d are \u201ccentral effects\u201d that challenge retention in HIV treatment programmes in six sub-Saharan African countries: a multicountry qualitative study. Sexually Trans Infect. 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052971.","journal-title":"Sexually Trans Infect"},{"issue":"6","key":"595_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0178298","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0178298","volume":"12","author":"VL Flax","year":"2017","unstructured":"Flax VL, Yourkavitch J, Okello ES, Kadzandira J, Katahoire AR, Munthali AC. \u201cIf my husband leaves me, I will go home and suffer, so better cling to him and hide this thing\u201d: the influence of gender on Option B+ prevention of mother-to-child transmission participation in Malawi and Uganda. PLoS ONE. 2017;12(6):e0178298.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"5","key":"595_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e97353","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0097353","volume":"9","author":"WM Bezabhe","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bezabhe WM, Chalmers L, Bereznicki LR, Peterson GM, Bimirew MA, Kassie DM. Barriers and facilitators of adherence to antiretroviral drug therapy and retention in care among adult HIV-positive patients: a qualitative study from Ethiopia. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(5):e97353.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"8","key":"595_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2005.19.526","volume":"19","author":"N Kumarasamy","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kumarasamy N, Safren SA, Raminani SR, Pickard R, James R, Krishnan AK, et al. Barriers and facilitators to antiretroviral medication adherence among patients with HIV in Chennai, India: a qualitative study. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2005;19(8):526\u201337.","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"issue":"3","key":"595_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1080\/17290376.2008.9724912","volume":"5","author":"N Sanjobo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sanjobo N, Frich JC, Fretheim A. Barriers and facilitators to patients\u2019 adherence to antiretroviral treatment in Zambia: a qualitative study. SAHARA J Soc Aspects HIV\/AIDS Res Alliance. 2008;5(3):136\u201343.","journal-title":"SAHARA J Soc Aspects HIV\/AIDS Res Alliance"},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120802032643","volume":"21","author":"LK Murray","year":"2009","unstructured":"Murray LK, Semrau K, McCurley E, Thea DM, Scott N, Mwiya M, et al. Barriers to acceptance and adherence of antiretroviral therapy in urban Zambian women: a qualitative study. AIDS Care. 2009;21(1):78\u201386.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"595_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2017.28.231.12385","volume":"28","author":"F Oskouie","year":"2017","unstructured":"Oskouie F, Kashefi F, Rafii F, Gouya MM. Barriers to self-care in women of reproductive age with HIV\/AIDS in Iran: a qualitative study. Pan Afr Med J. 2017;28:231.","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"},{"issue":"3","key":"595_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1002\/hpm.1082","volume":"26","author":"M Skovdal","year":"2011","unstructured":"Skovdal M, Campbell C, Nhongo K, Nyamukapa C, Gregson S. Contextual and psychosocial influences on antiretroviral therapy adherence in rural Zimbabwe: towards a systematic framework for programme planners. Int J Health Plann Manage. 2011;26(3):296\u2013318.","journal-title":"Int J Health Plann Manage"},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2010.0140","volume":"25","author":"M Dahab","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dahab M, Kielmann K, Charalambous S, Karstaedt AS, Hamilton R, La Grange L, Fielding KL, Churchyard GJ, Grant AD. Contrasting reasons for discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy in workplace and public-sector HIV programs in South Africa. AIDS Patient Care STDs. 2011;25(1):53\u20139.","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDs."},{"issue":"5","key":"595_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120802385629","volume":"21","author":"A Wringe","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wringe A, Roura M, Urassa M, Busza J, Athanas V, Zaba B. Doubts, denial and divine intervention: understanding delayed attendance and poor retention rates at a HIV treatment programme in rural Tanzania. AIDS Care. 2009;21(5):632\u20137.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"595_CR45","first-page":"809","volume":"12","author":"H Areri","year":"2020","unstructured":"Areri H, Marshall A, Harvey G. Exploring self-management of adults living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in North-West Ethiopia: qualitative study. HIV AIDS (Auckl). 2020;12:809\u201320.","journal-title":"HIV AIDS (Auckl)"},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1177\/2374373518770805","volume":"6","author":"SI Ahmed","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ahmed SI, Farooqui M, Syed Sulaiman SA, Hassali MA, Lee CKC. Facilitators and barriers affecting adherence among people living with HIV\/AIDS: a qualitative perspective. J Patient Exp. 2019;6(1):33\u201340.","journal-title":"J Patient Exp"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"595_CR47","first-page":"1","volume":"15","author":"M Musheke","year":"2012","unstructured":"Musheke M, Bond V, Merten S. Individual and contextual factors influencing patient attrition from antiretroviral therapy care in an urban community of Lusaka Zambia. J Int AIDS Soc. 2012;15(Suppl 1):1\u20139.","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"issue":"13\u201314","key":"595_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2178","DOI":"10.1177\/1359105318788692","volume":"25","author":"M Skovdal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Skovdal M, Maswera R, Kadzura N, Nyamukapa C, Rhead R, Wringe A, et al. Parental obligations, care and HIV treatment: how care for others motivates self-care in Zimbabwe. J Health Psychol. 2020;25(13\u201314):2178\u201387.","journal-title":"J Health Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"595_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2013.844767","volume":"26","author":"LM Bofill","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bofill LM, Lopez M, Dorigo A, Bordato A, Lucas M, Cabanillas GF, et al. Patient-provider perceptions on engagement in HIV care in Argentina. AIDS Care. 2014;26(5):602\u20137.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"595_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2013.0254","volume":"27","author":"F Martin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Martin F, Kiwanuka T, Kawuma R, Zalwango F, Seeley J. Tasks and strategies of self-management of living with antiretroviral therapy in Uganda. AIDS Patient Care STDs. 2013;27(12):697\u2013706.","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDs"},{"key":"595_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052977","author":"M Skovdal","year":"2017","unstructured":"Skovdal M, Wringe A, Seeley J, Renju J, Paparini S, Wamoyi J, et al. Using theories of practice to understand HIV-positive persons varied engagement with HIV services: a qualitative study in six Sub-Saharan African countries. Sexually Trans Infect. 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052977.","journal-title":"Sexually Trans Infect"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"595_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2010.02514.x","volume":"15","author":"CM Miller","year":"2010","unstructured":"Miller CM, Ketlhapile M, Rybasack-Smith H, Rosen S. Why are antiretroviral treatment patients lost to follow-up? A qualitative study from South Africa. Trop Med Int Health. 2010;15(Suppl 1):48\u201354.","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"595_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1080\/17441692.2018.1514418","volume":"14","author":"S Nakamanya","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nakamanya S, Mayanja BN, Muhumuza R, Bukenya D, Seeley J. Are treatment supporters relevant in long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence? Experiences from a long-term ART cohort in Uganda. Glob Public Health. 2019;14(3):469\u201380.","journal-title":"Glob Public Health"},{"key":"595_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/ijamh-2017-0172","author":"F Oskouie","year":"2018","unstructured":"Oskouie F, Kashefi F, Rafii F, Gouya MM, Vahid-Dastjerdi M. Facilitating factors of self-care among HIV-positive young women in Iran: a qualitative study. Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/ijamh-2017-0172.","journal-title":"Int J Adolesc Med Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"595_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120701854634","volume":"20","author":"E Grant","year":"2008","unstructured":"Grant E, Logie D, Masura M, Gorman D, Murray SA. Factors facilitating and challenging access and adherence to antiretroviral therapy in a township in the Zambian Copperbelt: a qualitative study. AIDS Care. 2008;20(10):1155\u201360.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.4102\/phcfm.v12i1.2472","volume":"12","author":"L Tokwe","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tokwe L, Naidoo JR. Lived experiences of human immunodeficiency virus and hypertension in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. 2020;12(1):e1\u20138.","journal-title":"Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"595_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2011.596518","volume":"24","author":"B Nyanzi-Wakholi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nyanzi-Wakholi B, Medina Lara A, Munderi P, Gilks C. on behalf of the DTT. The charms and challenges of antiretroviral therapy in Uganda: the DART experience. AIDS Care. 2012;24(2):137\u201342.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"595_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2017.28.231.12385","volume":"28","author":"F Oskouie","year":"2017","unstructured":"Oskouie F, Kashefi F, Rafii F, Gouya MM. Barriers to self-care in women of reproductive age with HIV\/AIDS in Iran: a qualitative study. Pan Afr Med J. 2017;28:231.","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-6405-10-12","volume":"10","author":"M Musheke","year":"2013","unstructured":"Musheke M, Bond V, Merten S. Self-care practices and experiences of people living with HIV not receiving antiretroviral therapy in an urban community of Lusaka, Zambia: implications for HIV treatment programmes. AIDS Res Ther. 2013;10(1):12.","journal-title":"AIDS Res Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"595_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1080\/15381501.2016.1274703","volume":"16","author":"N Srivastava","year":"2017","unstructured":"Srivastava N, Nyamathi AM, Sinha S, Carpenter C, Satyanarayana V, Ramakrishna P, et al. Women living with AIDS in rural Southern India: perspectives on mental health and lay health care worker support. J HIV AIDS Soc Serv. 2017;16(2):170\u201394.","journal-title":"J HIV AIDS Soc Serv"},{"issue":"4","key":"595_CR61","first-page":"118","volume":"17","author":"ND Iroezi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Iroezi ND, Mindry D, Kawale P, Chikowi G, Jansen PA, Hoffman RM. A qualitative analysis of the barriers and facilitators to receiving care in a prevention of mother-to-child program in Nkhoma Malawi. Afr J Reprod Health. 2013;17(4):118\u201329.","journal-title":"Afr J Reprod Health"},{"key":"595_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232595821877376","DOI":"10.1177\/2325958218773768","volume":"17","author":"BE Salem","year":"2018","unstructured":"Salem BE, Bustos Y, Shalita C, Kwon J, Ramakrishnan P, Yadav K, et al. Chronic disease self-management challenges among rural women living with HIV\/AIDS in Prakasam, Andhra Pradesh, India: a qualitative study. J Int Assoc Providers AIDS Care. 2018;17:2325958218773768.","journal-title":"J Int Assoc Providers AIDS Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001369","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001369","volume":"10","author":"NC Ware","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ware NC, Wyatt MA, Geng EH, Kaaya SF, Agbaji OO, Muyindike WR, et al. Toward an understanding of disengagement from HIV treatment and care in sub-Saharan Africa: a qualitative study. PLoS Med. 2013;10(1):e1001369.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"595_CR64","first-page":"418","volume":"32","author":"M Mwangome","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mwangome M, Geubbels E, Klatser P, Dieleman M. Perceptions on diabetes care provision among health providers in rural Tanzania: a qualitative study. Health Policy Plan. 2017;32(3):418\u201329.","journal-title":"Health Policy Plan"},{"issue":"9","key":"595_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e106325","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0106325","volume":"9","author":"A Gourlay","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gourlay A, Wringe A, Birdthistle I, Mshana G, Michael D, Urassa M. \u201cIt is like that, we didn\u2019t understand each other\u201d: exploring the influence of patient-provider interactions on prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV service use in rural Tanzania. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(9):e106325.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"10","key":"595_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0164634","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0164634","volume":"11","author":"E Venables","year":"2016","unstructured":"Venables E, Edwards JK, Baert S, Etienne W, Khabala K, Bygrave H. \u201cThey just come, pick and go.\u201d The acceptability of integrated medication adherence clubs for HIV and non communicable disease (NCD) patients in Kibera, Kenya. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(10):e0164634.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"10","key":"595_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e78243","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0078243","volume":"8","author":"M Mbonye","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mbonye M, Seeley J, Ssembajja F, Birungi J, Jaffar S. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy in Jinja, Uganda: a six-year follow-up study. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(10):e78243.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"8","key":"595_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2016.1153586","volume":"28","author":"K Elwell","year":"2016","unstructured":"Elwell K. Facilitators and barriers to treatment adherence within PMTCT programs in Malawi. AIDS Care. 2016;28(8):971\u20135.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"595_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.2989\/16085906.2012.754829","volume":"11","author":"MO Kuteesa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kuteesa MO, Seeley J, Cumming RG, Negin J. Older people living with HIV in Uganda: understanding their experience and needs. African J AIDS Res AJAR. 2012;11(4):295\u2013305.","journal-title":"African J AIDS Res AJAR"},{"key":"595_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.2147\/PPA.S19327","volume":"7","author":"M Lubega","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lubega M, Musenze IA, Joshua G, Dhafa G, Badaza R, Bakwesegha CJ, et al. Sex inequality, high transport costs, and exposed clinic location: reasons for loss to follow-up of clients under prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission in eastern Uganda - a qualitative study. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2013;7:447\u201354.","journal-title":"Patient Prefer Adherence"},{"issue":"33","key":"595_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(09)33440-0","volume":"17","author":"JR Chinkonde","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chinkonde JR, Sundby J, Martinson F. The prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission programme in Lilongwe, Malawi: why do so many women drop out. Reprod Health Matters. 2009;17(33):143\u201351.","journal-title":"Reprod Health Matters"},{"key":"595_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-016-3462-6","volume":"16","author":"B Rachlis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rachlis B, Naanyu V, Wachira J, Genberg B, Koech B, Kamene R, et al. Identifying common barriers and facilitators to linkage and retention in chronic disease care in western Kenya. BMC Public Health. 2016;16:741.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"595_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2012.729808","volume":"25","author":"LM Bogart","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bogart LM, Chetty S, Giddy J, Sypek A, Sticklor L, Walensky RP, et al. Barriers to care among people living with HIV in South Africa: contrasts between patient and healthcare provider perspectives. AIDS Care. 2013;25(7):843\u201353.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"595_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-9276-11-S1-A4","author":"M Henning","year":"2011","unstructured":"Henning M, Chi C. Exploring factors associated with a teacher\u2019s self-efficacy in HIV prevention education in Lusaka, Zambia. Int J Equity Health. 2011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1475-9276-11-S1-A4.","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health"},{"key":"595_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-016-0345-5","volume":"15","author":"MN Mwangome","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mwangome MN, Geubbels E, Klatser P, Dieleman M. \u201cI don\u2019t have options but to persevere\u201d. Experiences and practices of care for HIV and diabetes in rural Tanzania: a qualitative study of patients and family caregivers. Int J Equity Health. 2016;15:56.","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"595_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1300\/J013v44n04_04","volume":"44","author":"D Ciambrone","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ciambrone D, Loewenthal HG, Bazerman LB, Zorilla C, Urbina B, Mitty JA. Adherence among women with HIV infection in Puerto Rico: the potential use of modified directly observed therapy (MDOT) among pregnant and postpartum women. Women Health. 2006;44(4):61\u201377.","journal-title":"Women Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"595_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.02.037","volume":"68","author":"MH Watt","year":"2009","unstructured":"Watt MH, Maman S, Earp JA, Eng E, Setel PW, Golin CE, et al. \u201cIt\u2019s all the time in my mind\u201d: facilitators of adherence to antiretroviral therapy in a Tanzanian setting. Soc Sci Med. 2009;68(10):1793\u2013800.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"595_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1080\/01459740.2014.892483","volume":"33","author":"JW McGrath","year":"2014","unstructured":"McGrath JW, Winchester MS, Kaawa-Mafigiri D, Walakira E, Namutiibwa F, Birungi J, et al. Challenging the paradigm: anthropological perspectives on HIV as a chronic disease. Med Anthropol. 2014;33(4):303\u201317.","journal-title":"Med Anthropol"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"595_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2011-200832","volume":"66","author":"P Parimi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Parimi P, Mishra RM, Tucker S, Saggurti N. Mobilising community collectivisation among female sex workers to promote STI service utilisation from the government healthcare system in Andhra Pradesh India. J Epidemiol Commun Health. 2012;66(Suppl 2):62\u20138.","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Commun Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0147896","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0147896","volume":"11","author":"S Russell","year":"2016","unstructured":"Russell S, Martin F, Zalwango F, Namukwaya S, Nalugya R, Muhumuza R, et al. Finding meaning: HIV self-management and wellbeing among people taking antiretroviral therapy in Uganda. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(1):e0147896.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"11","key":"595_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732315597654","volume":"26","author":"S Russell","year":"2016","unstructured":"Russell S, Namukwaya S, Zalwango F, Seeley J. The Framing and fashioning of therapeutic citizenship among people living with HIV taking antiretroviral therapy in Uganda. Qual Health Res. 2016;26(11):1447\u201358.","journal-title":"Qual Health Res"},{"key":"595_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-8603-7-13","volume":"7","author":"M Skovdal","year":"2011","unstructured":"Skovdal M, Campbell C, Madanhire C, Mupambireyi Z, Nyamukapa C, Gregson S. Masculinity as a barrier to men\u2019s use of HIV services in Zimbabwe. Global Health. 2011;7:13.","journal-title":"Global Health"},{"key":"595_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980020002694","author":"DD Wallace","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wallace DD, Pay\u00e1n DD, Then-Paulino A, Armenta G, Fulcar MA, Acevedo R, et al. Perceptions and determinants of healthy eating for people with HIV in the Dominican Republic who experience food insecurity. Public Health Nutr. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S1368980020002694.","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"595_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-2652-13-37","volume":"13","author":"P Duff","year":"2010","unstructured":"Duff P, Kipp W, Wild TC, Rubaale T, Okech-Ojony J. Barriers to accessing highly active antiretroviral therapy by HIV-positive women attending an antenatal clinic in a regional hospital in western Uganda. J Int AIDS Soc. 2010;13:37.","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e11","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000011","volume":"6","author":"NC Ware","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ware NC, Idoko J, Kaaya S, Biraro IA, Wyatt MA, Agbaji O, et al. Explaining adherence success in sub-Saharan Africa: an ethnographic study. PLoS Med. 2009;6(1):e11.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"595_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-014-0939-0","volume":"19","author":"LK Murithi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Murithi LK, Masho SW, Vanderbilt AA. Factors enhancing utilization of and adherence to prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) service in an urban setting in Kenya. AIDS Behav. 2015;19(4):645\u201354.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"595_CR87","first-page":"S212","volume":"18","author":"YX Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang YX, Golin CE, Bu J, Emrick CB, Nan Z, Li MQ. Coping strategies for HIV-related stigma in Liuzhou China. AIDS Behavior. 2014;18(Suppl 2):S212-20.","journal-title":"AIDS Behavior"},{"issue":"4","key":"595_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1080\/07399332.2015.1066790","volume":"37","author":"A Nyamathi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nyamathi A, Ekstrand M, Srivastava N, Carpenter CL, Salem BE, Al-Harrasi S, et al. ASHA-life intervention perspectives voiced by rural Indian women living with AIDS. Health Care Women Int. 2016;37(4):412\u201325.","journal-title":"Health Care Women Int"},{"issue":"10","key":"595_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120801918651","volume":"20","author":"LL Sabin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sabin LL, Desilva MB, Hamer DH, Keyi X, Yue Y, Wen F, et al. Barriers to adherence to antiretroviral medications among patients living with HIV in southern China: a qualitative study. AIDS Care. 2008;20(10):1242\u201350.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"8","key":"595_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2543","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-018-2101-x","volume":"22","author":"VA Earnshaw","year":"2018","unstructured":"Earnshaw VA, Bogart LM, Courtney I, Zanoni H, Bangsberg DR, Orrell C, et al. Exploring treatment needs and expectations for people living with HIV in South Africa: a qualitative study. AIDS Behav. 2018;22(8):2543\u201352.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"595_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2524.2008.00820.x","volume":"17","author":"YR Zhou","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zhou YR. Help-seeking in a context of AIDS stigma: understanding the healthcare needs of people with HIV\/AIDS in China. Health Soc Care Commun. 2009;17(2):202\u20138.","journal-title":"Health Soc Care Commun"},{"issue":"5","key":"595_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1097\/NNR.0b013e31825fe3ef","volume":"61","author":"A Nyamathi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nyamathi A, Hanson AY, Salem BE, Sinha S, Ganguly KK, Leake B, et al. Impact of a rural village women (Asha) intervention on adherence to antiretroviral therapy in southern India. Nurs Res. 2012;61(5):353\u201362.","journal-title":"Nurs Res"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"595_CR93","first-page":"29","volume":"39","author":"EB Joseph","year":"2004","unstructured":"Joseph EB, Bhatti RS. Psychosocial problems and coping patterns of HIV seropositive wives of men with HIV\/AIDS. Soc Work Health Care. 2004;39(1\u20132):29\u201347.","journal-title":"Soc Work Health Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"595_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e002399","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-002399","volume":"3","author":"E Wekesa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wekesa E, Coast E. Living with HIV postdiagnosis: a qualitative study of the experiences of Nairobi slum residents. BMJ Open. 2013;3(5):e002399.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"595_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jana.2007.11.004","volume":"19","author":"LN Makoae","year":"2008","unstructured":"Makoae LN, Greeff M, Phetlhu RD, Uys LR, Naidoo JR, Kohi TW, et al. Coping with HIV-related stigma in five African countries. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care JANAC. 2008;19(2):137\u201346.","journal-title":"J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care JANAC"},{"issue":"3","key":"595_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.10.039","volume":"70","author":"S Russell","year":"2010","unstructured":"Russell S, Seeley J. The transition to living with HIV as a chronic condition in rural Uganda: working to create order and control when on antiretroviral therapy. Soc Sci Med. 2010;70(3):375\u201382.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"595_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jana.2015.05.008","volume":"26","author":"Y Yang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yang Y, Lewis FM, Wojnar D. Life changes in women infected with HIV by their husbands: an interpretive phenomenological study. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care JANAC. 2015;26(5):580\u201394.","journal-title":"J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care JANAC"},{"issue":"3","key":"595_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120600942407","volume":"19","author":"PM Kebaabetswe","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kebaabetswe PM. Barriers to participation in the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission program in Gaborone, Botswana a qualitative approach. AIDS Care. 2007;19(3):355\u201360.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"595_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2010.0261","volume":"25","author":"KI Fredriksen-Goldsen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fredriksen-Goldsen KI, Shiu CS, Starks H, Chen WT, Simoni J, Kim HJ, et al. \u201cYou must take the medications for you and for me\u201d: family caregivers promoting HIV medication adherence in China. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2011;25(12):735\u201341.","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"issue":"5","key":"595_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2014.0293","volume":"29","author":"F van Loggerenberg","year":"2015","unstructured":"van Loggerenberg F, Gray D, Gengiah S, Kunene P, Gengiah TN, Naidoo K, et al. A qualitative study of patient motivation to adhere to combination antiretroviral therapy in South Africa. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2015;29(5):299\u2013306.","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"issue":"9","key":"595_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2014.0077","volume":"28","author":"EH Layer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Layer EH, Brahmbhatt H, Beckham SW, Ntogwisangu J, Mwampashi A, Davis WW, et al. \u201cI pray that they accept me without scolding:\u201d experiences with disengagement and re-engagement in HIV care and treatment services in Tanzania. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2014;28(9):483\u20138.","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"issue":"4","key":"595_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0153042","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0153042","volume":"11","author":"EW MacLachlan","year":"2016","unstructured":"MacLachlan EW, Potter K, Hamunime N, Shepard-Perry MG, Uusiku J, Simwanza R, et al. \u201cWe are now free to speak\u201d: Qualitative evaluation of an education and empowerment training for HIV patients in Namibia. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(4):e0153042.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"595_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/s10880-017-9513-z","volume":"24","author":"T Xie","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xie T, Yang JP, Simoni JM, Shiu CS, Chen WT, Zhao H, et al. Unable to be a human being in front of other people: a qualitative study of self-isolation among people living with HIV\/AIDS in China. J Clin Psychol Med Settings. 2017;24(3\u20134):211\u201322.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychol Med Settings"},{"key":"595_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S127","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qai.0000248349.25630.3d","volume":"43","author":"JB Nachega","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nachega JB, Knowlton AR, Deluca A, Schoeman JH, Watkinson L, Efron A, et al. Treatment supporter to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected South African adults: a qualitative study. JAIDS J Acquir Immune Defic Syndrom. 2006;43:S127\u201333.","journal-title":"JAIDS J Acquir Immune Defic Syndrom"},{"issue":"12","key":"595_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2008.04.002","volume":"102","author":"LD Bwirire","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bwirire LD, Fitzgerald M, Zachariah R, Chikafa V, Massaquoi M, Moens M, et al. Reasons for loss to follow-up among mothers registered in a prevention-of-mother-to-child transmission program in rural Malawi. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2008;102(12):1195\u2013200.","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eujim.2015.09.135","volume":"8","author":"IA Syed","year":"2016","unstructured":"Syed IA, Sulaiman SAS, Hassali MA, Thiruchelvam K, Syed SH, Lee CKC. Beliefs and practices of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) among HIV\/AIDS patients: a qualitative exploration. Eur J Integrative Med. 2016;8(1):41\u20137.","journal-title":"Eur J Integrative Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"595_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2010.534432","volume":"23","author":"C Unge","year":"2011","unstructured":"Unge C, Ragnarsson A, Ekstr\u00f6m AM, Indalo D, Belita A, Carter J, et al. The influence of traditional medicine and religion on discontinuation of ART in an urban informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya. AIDS Care. 2011;23(7):851\u20138.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"595_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2010.507741","volume":"23","author":"V Van Tam","year":"2011","unstructured":"Van Tam V, Pharris A, Thorson A, Alfven T, Larsson M. \u201cIt is not that I forget, it\u2019s just that I don\u2019t want other people to know\u201d: barriers to and strategies for adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV patients in Northern Vietnam. AIDS Care. 2011;23(2):139\u201345.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.4102\/curationis.v37i1.127","volume":"37","author":"RR Marie Modeste","year":"2014","unstructured":"Marie Modeste RR, Majeke SJ. Sources and types of information on self-care symptom management strategies for HIV and AIDS. Curationis. 2014;37(1):127.","journal-title":"Curationis"},{"issue":"3","key":"595_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2524.2010.00968.x","volume":"19","author":"S Shin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shin S, Mu\u00f1oz M, Zeladita J, Slavin S, Caldas A, Sanchez E, et al. How does directly observed therapy work? The mechanisms and impact of a comprehensive directly observed therapy intervention of highly active antiretroviral therapy in Peru. Health Soc Care Community. 2011;19(3):261\u201371.","journal-title":"Health Soc Care Community"},{"issue":"5","key":"595_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-006-9071-0","volume":"10","author":"L Li","year":"2006","unstructured":"Li L, Wu S, Wu Z, Sun S, Cui H, Jia M. Understanding family support for people living with HIV\/AIDS in Yunnan, China. AIDS Behavior. 2006;10(5):509\u201317.","journal-title":"AIDS Behavior"},{"key":"595_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052976","author":"J Wamoyi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wamoyi J, Renju J, Moshabela M, McLean E, Nyato D, Mbata D, et al. Understanding the relationship between couple dynamics and engagement with HIV care services: insights from a qualitative study in Eastern and Southern Africa. Sexually Trans Infect. 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052976.","journal-title":"Sexually Trans Infect"},{"issue":"2","key":"595_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2012.0348","volume":"27","author":"MM Duwell","year":"2013","unstructured":"Duwell MM, Knowlton AR, Nachega JB, Efron A, Goliath R, Morroni C, et al. Patient-nominated, community-based HIV treatment supporters: patient perspectives, feasibility, challenges, and factors for success in HIV-infected South African adults. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2013;27(2):96\u2013102.","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"issue":"5","key":"595_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-011-0038-4","volume":"16","author":"KN O'Laughlin","year":"2012","unstructured":"O\u2019Laughlin KN, Wyatt MA, Kaaya S, Bangsberg DR, Ware NC. How treatment partners help: social analysis of an African adherence support intervention. AIDS Behav. 2012;16(5):1308\u201315.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"595_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S127","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qai.0000248349.25630.3d","volume":"43","author":"JB Nachega","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nachega JB, Knowlton AR, Deluca A, Schoeman JH, Watkinson L, Efron A, et al. Treatment supporter to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected South African adults. A qualitative study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006;43(Suppl 1):S127-33.","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"595_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000298104.02356.b3","author":"RH Remien","year":"2007","unstructured":"Remien RH, Mellins CA. Long-term psychosocial challenges for people living with HIV: let\u2019s not forget the individual in our global response to the pandemic. AIDS. 2007. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.aids.0000298104.02356.b3.","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"8","key":"595_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2144","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-012-0166-5","volume":"16","author":"RC McIntosh","year":"2012","unstructured":"McIntosh RC, Rosselli M. Stress and coping in women living with HIV: a meta-analytic review. AIDS Behav. 2012;16(8):2144\u201359.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"595_CR118","unstructured":"UNAIDS. HIV and stigma and discrimination. 2021."},{"issue":"10","key":"595_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120902803158","volume":"21","author":"D Swendeman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Swendeman D, Ingram BL, Rotheram-Borus MJ. Common elements in self-management of HIV and other chronic illnesses: an integrative framework. AIDS Care. 2009;21(10):1321\u201334.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"595_CR120","unstructured":"Aidsmap. HIV criminalisation laws around the world 2020. https:\/\/www.aidsmap.com\/about-hiv\/hiv-criminalisation-laws-around-world."},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.4102\/curationis.v41i1.1879","volume":"41","author":"ES Idemudia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Idemudia ES, Olasupo MO, Modibo MW. Stigma and chronic illness: a comparative study of people living with HIV and\/or AIDS and people living with hypertension in Limpopo Province South Africa. Curationis. 2018;41(1):e1\u20135.","journal-title":"Curationis"},{"issue":"5","key":"595_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2010.0367","volume":"25","author":"SC Kalichman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kalichman SC, Kalichman MO, Cherry C, Swetzes C, Amaral CM, White D, et al. Brief behavioral self-regulation counseling for HIV treatment adherence delivered by cell phone: an initial test of concept trial. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2011;25(5):303\u201310.","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"issue":"3","key":"595_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2014.0182","volume":"29","author":"S Kumar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kumar S, Mohanraj R, Rao D, Murray KR, Manhart LE. Positive coping strategies and HIV-related stigma in south India. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2015;29(3):157\u201363.","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"issue":"4","key":"595_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1080\/13548506.2021.1983184","volume":"27","author":"H Tong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tong H, Zhou Y, Li X, Qiao S, Shen Z, Yang X, et al. Stress coping strategies and their perceived effectiveness among HIV\/AIDS healthcare providers in China: a qualitative study. Psychol Health Med. 2022;27(4):937\u201347.","journal-title":"Psychol Health Med"},{"key":"595_CR125","first-page":"67","volume":"22","author":"L Rodkjaer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rodkjaer L, Chesney MA, Lomborg K, Ostergaard L, Laursen T, Sodemann M. HIV-infected individuals with high coping self-efficacy are less likely to report depressive symptoms: a cross-sectional study from Denmark. Int J Infect Dis IJID Off Publ Int Soc Infect Dis. 2014;22:67\u201372.","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis IJID Off Publ Int Soc Infect Dis"},{"key":"595_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-8603-7-38","author":"GMK Josefien van Olmen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Josefien van Olmen GMK, Bermejo R, Kegels G, Hermann K, Van Damme W. The growing caseload of chronic life-long conditions calls for a move towards full selfmanagement in low-income countries. Globalization Health. 2011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1744-8603-7-38.","journal-title":"Globalization Health"},{"key":"595_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5772\/67380","author":"AM Grilo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Grilo AM, dos Santos MC, Gomes AI, Rita JS. Promoting patient-centered care in chronic disease. Patient Centered Med. 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5772\/67380.","journal-title":"Patient Centered Med"},{"key":"595_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnr.2020.151301","volume":"54","author":"N Schreiner","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schreiner N, DiGennaro S, Harwell C, Burant C, Daly B, Douglas S. Treatment burden as a predictor of self-management adherence within the primary care population. J Appl Nurs Res. 2020;54:151301.","journal-title":"J Appl Nurs Res"},{"key":"595_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpvm.IJPVM_429_17","volume":"10","author":"F Samiei Siboni","year":"2019","unstructured":"Samiei Siboni F, Alimoradi Z, Atashi V, Alipour M, Khatooni M. Quality of life in different chronic diseases and its related factors. Int J Prev Med. 2019;10:65.","journal-title":"Int J Prev Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"595_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1097\/NNR.0000000000000103","volume":"64","author":"I Bos-Touwen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bos-Touwen I, Dijkkamp E, Kars M, Trappenburg J, De Wit N, Schuurmans M. Potential for self-management in chronic care: nurses\u2019 assessments of patients. Nurs Res. 2015;64(4):282\u201390.","journal-title":"Nurs Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"595_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-2197-0","volume":"15","author":"LA Chambers","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chambers LA, Rueda S, Baker DN, Wilson MG, Deutsch R, Raeifar E, et al. Stigma, HIV and health: a qualitative synthesis. BMC Public Health. 2015;15(1):848.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"595_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1177\/109019810102800608","volume":"28","author":"NM Clark","year":"2001","unstructured":"Clark NM, Gong M, Kaciroti N. A model of self-regulation for control of chronic disease. Health Educ Behav. 2001;28(6):769\u201382.","journal-title":"Health Educ Behav"},{"issue":"7","key":"595_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0219141","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0219141","volume":"14","author":"J Hearn","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hearn J, Ssinabulya I, Schwartz JI, Akiteng AR, Ross HJ, Cafazzo JA. Self-management of non-communicable diseases in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review. PLoS ONE. 2019;14(7):e0219141.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"}],"container-title":["AIDS Research and Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12981-024-00595-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12981-024-00595-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12981-024-00595-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]],"date-time":"2024-01-31T18:02:46Z","timestamp":1706724166000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aidsrestherapy.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12981-024-00595-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]]},"references-count":133,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["595"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12981-024-00595-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-6405"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1742-6405","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 March 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 January 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 January 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors have declared that there are no competing interests in this work.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"7"}}