{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T07:57:29Z","timestamp":1789804649884,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724889600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724889600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Collaborative Initiative for Paediatric HIV Education and Research (CIPHER) grant programme at the International AIDS Society","award":["1211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1211"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["AIDS Res Ther"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12981-024-00643-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T12:02:37Z","timestamp":1724932957000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Facilitators and barriers to initiating and completing tuberculosis preventive treatment among children and adolescents living with HIV in Uganda: a qualitative study of adolescents, caretakers and health workers"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Pauline Mary","family":"Amuge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Ndekezi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moses","family":"Mugerwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dickson","family":"Bbuye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana Antonia","family":"Rutebarika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lubega","family":"Kizza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Namugwanya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angella","family":"Baita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter James","family":"Elyanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia Nahirya","family":"Ntege","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dithan","family":"Kiragga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol","family":"Birungi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adeodata Rukyalekere","family":"Kekitiinwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnes","family":"Kiragga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moorine Peninah","family":"Sekadde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole-Austin","family":"Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Maria","family":"Mandalakas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippa","family":"Musoke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"643_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organisation. Global tuberculosis report 2023. World Health Organisation: Geneva; 2023."},{"issue":"9","key":"643_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198903023200901","volume":"320","author":"PA Selwyn","year":"1989","unstructured":"Selwyn PA, et al. A prospective study of the risk of tuberculosis among intravenous drug users with human immunodeficiency virus infection. N Engl J Med. 1989;320(9):545\u201350.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"643_CR3","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Latent TB infection: updated and consolidated guidelines for programatic management. Geneva; 2018."},{"issue":"1","key":"643_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-91","volume":"14","author":"J Ayieko","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ayieko J, et al. Efficacy of isoniazid prophylactic therapy in prevention of tuberculosis in children: a meta\u2013analysis. BMC Infect Dis. 2014;14(1):91.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"643_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lukoye D et al. Tuberculosis preventive therapy among persons living with HIV, Uganda, 2016\u20132022. Emerg Infect Dis, 2023. 29(3).","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2903.221353"},{"issue":"5","key":"643_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.20.0956","volume":"25","author":"N Kalema","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kalema N, Semeere A, Banturaki G, Kyamugabwa A, Ssozi S, Ggita J, et al. Gaps in TB preventive therapy for persons initiating antiretroviral therapy in Uganda: an explanatory sequential cascade analysis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2021;25(5):388\u201394.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"643_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jctube.2021.100269","volume":"25","author":"P Lwevola","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lwevola P, Izudi J, Kimuli D, Komuhangi A, Okoboi S. Low level of tuberculosis preventive therapy incompletion among people living with human immunodeficiency virus in eastern Uganda: a retrospective data review. J Clin Tuberculosis Other Mycobact Dis. 2021;25:100269.","journal-title":"J Clin Tuberculosis Other Mycobact Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"643_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.5588\/pha.20.0005","volume":"10","author":"E Masini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Masini E, Mungai B, Wandwalo E. Tuberculosis preventive therapy uptake barriers: what are the low-lying fruits to surmount this? Public Health Action. 2020;10(1):3.","journal-title":"Public Health Action"},{"issue":"12","key":"643_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11121552","volume":"11","author":"A Vasiliu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Vasiliu A, et al. Landscape of TB Infection and Prevention among people living with HIV. Pathogens. 2022;11(12):1552.","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"issue":"12","key":"643_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.19.0018","volume":"23","author":"D Surie","year":"2019","unstructured":"Surie D, et al. Policies, practices and barriers to implementing tuberculosis preventive treatment\u201435 countries, 2017. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2019;23(12):1308\u201313.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"643_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0223076","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0223076","volume":"14","author":"S Nyathi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nyathi S, et al. Isoniazid preventive therapy: uptake, incidence of tuberculosis and survival among people living with HIV in Bulawayo. Zimbabwe PloS One. 2019;14(10):e0223076.","journal-title":"Zimbabwe PloS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"643_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0251612","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0251612","volume":"17","author":"P M\u00fcller","year":"2022","unstructured":"M\u00fcller P, Velez L, Lap\u00e3o. Mixed methods systematic review and metasummary about barriers and facilitators for the implementation of cotrimoxazole and isoniazid\u2014preventive therapies for people living with HIV. PLoS ONE. 2022;17(3):e0251612.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"7","key":"643_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2017.1283390","volume":"29","author":"KB Jacobson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jacobson KB, et al. It\u2019s about my life: facilitators of and barriers to isoniazid preventive therapy completion among people living with HIV in rural South Africa. AIDS Care. 2017;29(7):936\u201342.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"643_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-022-07867-5","volume":"22","author":"RF Nyarubamba","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nyarubamba RF, et al. Assessment of contextual factors shaping delivery and uptake of isoniazid preventive therapy among people living with HIV in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. BMC Infect Dis. 2022;22(1):1\u20139.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"643_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05011-9","volume":"20","author":"SK Ngugi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ngugi SK, et al. Factors affecting uptake and completion of isoniazid preventive therapy among HIV-infected children at a national referral hospital, Kenya: a mixed quantitative and qualitative study. BMC Infect Dis. 2020;20:1\u201311.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"643_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.18.0378","volume":"23","author":"J Lai","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lai J, et al. Provider barriers to the uptake of isoniazid preventive therapy among people living with HIV in Ethiopia. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2019;23(3):371\u20137.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"643_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-09902-z","volume":"20","author":"C Roscoe","year":"2020","unstructured":"Roscoe C, et al. Evaluation of the uptake of Tuberculosis preventative therapy for people living with HIV in Namibia: a multiple methods analysis. BMC Public Health. 2020;20:1\u201312.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"643_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-016-3525-8","volume":"16","author":"G Teklay","year":"2016","unstructured":"Teklay G, et al. Barriers in the implementation of isoniazid preventive therapy for people living with HIV in Northern Ethiopia: a mixed quantitative and qualitative study. BMC Public Health. 2016;16(1):1\u20139.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"643_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-019-7652-x","volume":"19","author":"M Kagujje","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kagujje M, et al. Implementation of isoniazid preventive therapy in people living with HIV in Zambia: challenges and lessons. BMC Public Health. 2019;19:1\u20134.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"643_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0212035","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0212035","volume":"14","author":"E Van Ginderdeuren","year":"2019","unstructured":"Van Ginderdeuren E, et al. Health system barriers to implementation of TB preventive strategies in South African primary care facilities. PLoS ONE. 2019;14(2):e0212035.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"3","key":"643_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.14359","volume":"55","author":"SG Grace","year":"2019","unstructured":"Grace SG. Barriers to the implementation of isoniazid preventive therapy for tuberculosis in children in endemic settings: a review. J Paediatr Child Health. 2019;55(3):278\u201384.","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health"},{"key":"643_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17373","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.15.4.17373","volume":"15","author":"J Busza","year":"2012","unstructured":"Busza J, et al. Community-based approaches for prevention of mother to child transmission in resource\u2010poor settings: a social ecological review. J Int AIDS Soc. 2012;15:17373.","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"issue":"4","key":"643_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1177\/109019818801500401","volume":"15","author":"KR McLeroy","year":"1988","unstructured":"McLeroy KR, et al. An ecological perspective on health promotion programs. Health Educ Q. 1988;15(4):351\u201377.","journal-title":"Health Educ Q"},{"key":"643_CR24","unstructured":"Uganda National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control Programme. Manual for management and control of Tuberculosis and Leprosy in Uganda. 2017;(3rd edition):1\u2013177."},{"issue":"1","key":"643_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1177\/160940690600500107","volume":"5","author":"J Fereday","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fereday J, Muir-Cochrane E. Demonstrating rigor using thematic analysis: a hybrid approach of inductive and deductive coding and theme development. Int J Qualitative Methods. 2006;5(1):80\u201392.","journal-title":"Int J Qualitative Methods"},{"issue":"6","key":"643_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzm042","volume":"19","author":"A Tong","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. Int J Qual Health Care. 2007;19(6):349\u201357.","journal-title":"Int J Qual Health Care"},{"key":"643_CR27","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Adolescent friendly health services for adolescents living with HIV: from theory to practice, December 2019: technical brief. World Health Organization; 2019."},{"key":"643_CR28","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Making health services adolescent friendly: developing national quality standards for adolescent-friendly health services. Geneva, Switzerland. 2012. Report No.: 978 92 4 150359 4.1."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1186\/s12981-024-00651-2","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]],"date-time":"2024-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725580800000}}],"container-title":["AIDS Research and Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12981-024-00643-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12981-024-00643-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12981-024-00643-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]],"date-time":"2024-09-06T13:05:01Z","timestamp":1725627901000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aidsrestherapy.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12981-024-00643-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["643"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12981-024-00643-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-6405"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1742-6405","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 June 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 August 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 August 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 September 2024","order":4,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":5,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A Correction to this paper has been published:","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12981-024-00651-2","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12981-024-00651-2","order":7,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained before data collection from participants aged\u2009\u2265\u200918 years, and parents\/carers of children under 18years. Written informed assent was obtained from children aged 8years to under 18 years. All data were stored on encrypted computers. Filed notes and signed participant-informed consent forms were kept in a locked drawer at the study site. Participants\u2019 names were not recorded anywhere during data collection. Each participant was given a unique identifying number to ensure confidentiality. The research teams did not include any identifying information that could have harmful consequences for the participants. Ethical approval was granted by the Makerere University school of medicine Research and Ethics Committee (17th June 2020, REF 2020\u2009\u2212\u2009127), and the Uganda National Council for Science and Technology (12th November 2020; HS768ES).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors reviewed and the final manuscript and consented to submission for publication.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"59"}}