{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T12:32:56Z","timestamp":1777984376161,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770940800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":35,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shenzhen Natural Science Fund","award":["JCYJ20230807143409019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20230807143409019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["AIDS Res Ther"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The role of body mass index (BMI) as an effect modifier for readmission risk in people with HIV (PWH) remains underexplored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare factors associated with two-year all-cause readmission in PWH, stratified by baseline BMI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A retrospective matched (1:1 by age\/sex) cohort study was conducted at a major public infectious diseases hospital in Shenzhen, China, serving a diverse urban population including migrants and low-income individuals. Adults admitted (Jan\u2013Jun 2020) were stratified into underweight (BMI\u2009&lt;\u200918.5\u00a0kg\/m\u00b2,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200980) and normal\/overweight (BMI 18.5\u2013&lt;28\u00a0kg\/m\u00b2,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009231) groups. Multivariable logistic regression and ROC analysis were performed within each stratum.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The readmission rate was higher in the underweight group (61.3% vs. 46.8%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.023). For underweight PWH, unemployment (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR]\u2009=\u20098.11, 95% CI 1.82\u201336.16) and lower nadir CD4\u2009+\u2009count (aOR\u2009=\u20090.994 per cell\/\u00b5L decrease, 95% CI 0.989\u20130.999) were independent risk factors. For normal\/overweight PWH, unemployment (aOR\u2009=\u20092.21, 95% CI 1.12\u20134.38) and longer time since diagnosis (&gt;\u20095 vs. 0\u20131 years, aOR\u2009=\u20094.28, 95% CI 2.02\u20139.07) were risk factors, while being widowed\/divorced was protective (aOR\u2009=\u20090.30, 95% CI 0.10\u20130.86). Predictive models showed good to excellent accuracy (AUCs: 0.820 and 0.748, respectively).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Risk factors for readmission differ markedly by baseline BMI, confirming its role as an effect modifier. Interventions should be tailored: integrated nutritional and immunological support for underweight PWH, and chronic disease management with attention to social determinants for others.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12981-026-00862-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T08:04:49Z","timestamp":1770969889000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Factors associated with readmission risk in patients with HIV stratified by BMI: a hospital-based retrospective matched cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Yirong","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiuxia","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weimei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baohong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suqing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huiwen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"862_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ford N et al. Outcomes of people living with HIV after hospital discharge: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet HIV. 2022.","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(21)00329-5"},{"key":"862_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alebel A et al. Association between body mass index variation and early mortality among 834 Ethiopian adults living with HIV on ART: A joint modelling approach. Infect Dis Ther. 2022.","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-022-00726-5"},{"key":"862_CR3","unstructured":"Zhou BF. Predictive values of body mass index and waist circumference for risk factors of certain related diseases in Chinese adults. Biomed Environ Sci. 2002."},{"key":"862_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kondrup J et al. Nutritional risk screening (NRS 2002): a new method based on an analysis of controlled clinical trials. Clin Nutr. 2003.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0261-5614(02)00214-5"},{"key":"862_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983.","DOI":"10.1037\/t03589-000"},{"key":"862_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alebel A et al. Effects of undernutrition on mortality and morbidity among adults living with HIV in sub-Saharan africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis. 2021.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05706-z"},{"key":"862_CR7","unstructured":"Pathai S et al. Is HIV a model of accelerated or accentuated aging? J Gerontol Biol Sci Med Sci. 2014."},{"key":"862_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Odhiambo JA et al. Comparing the effect of a multisectoral agricultural intervention on HIV-related health outcomes between widowed and married women. Soc Sci Med. 2023.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116031"},{"key":"862_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sowden S et al. What works to reduce socioeconomic inequalities in hospitalisations and readmissions? Systematic review of the equity impacts of population-level, health service and integrative interventions. BMJ Public Health. 2025.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjph-2025-002595"}],"container-title":["AIDS Research and Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12981-026-00862-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12981-026-00862-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12981-026-00862-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T15:17:31Z","timestamp":1774019851000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12981-026-00862-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["862"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12981-026-00862-9","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-8306023\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1742-6405"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1742-6405","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of The Third People\u2019s Hospital of Shenzhen (Approval No. 2020-002-02). The requirement for individual informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study, in compliance with national regulations and ethical guidelines. Patient data were anonymized and deidentified prior to analysis.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"37"}}