{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T00:09:17Z","timestamp":1784246957649,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Virol J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-017-0683-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,23]],"date-time":"2017-01-23T12:49:44Z","timestamp":1485175784000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Effects of calcitriol (1, 25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3) on the inflammatory response induced by H9N2 influenza virus infection in human lung A549 epithelial cells and in mice"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Boxiang","family":"Gui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanxia","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caihui","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guimei","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"683_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2010.226","volume":"7","author":"M Hewison","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hewison M. Antibacterial effects of vitamin D. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2011;7:337\u201345.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"683_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-15-53","volume":"15","author":"MW Pletz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pletz MW, Terkamp C, Schumacher U, Rohde G, Sch\u00fctte H, Welte T, Bals R. Vitamin D deficiency in community-acquired pneumonia: low levels of 1, 25 (OH) 2 D are associated with disease severity. Respir Res. 2014;15:53.","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"683_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpendmet0716","volume":"4","author":"JS Adams","year":"2008","unstructured":"Adams JS, Hewison M. Unexpected actions of vitamin D: new perspectives on the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol. 2008;4:80\u201390.","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol"},{"key":"683_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.240490106","volume":"49","author":"JM Lemire","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lemire JM. Immunomodulatory role of 1, 25\u2010dihydroxyvitamin D3. J Cell Biochem. 1992;49:26\u201331.","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"683_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/87.4.1080S","volume":"87","author":"MF Holick","year":"2008","unstructured":"Holick MF, Chen TC. Vitamin D deficiency: a worldwide problem with health consequences1,2,3,4. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87:1080S\u20136S.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"683_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12109","volume":"18","author":"K Jeon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jeon K, Kim SY, Jeong BH, Chang B, Shin SJ, Koh WJ. Severe vitamin D deficiency is associated with non-tuberculous mycobacterial lung disease: a case\u2013control study. Respirology. 2013;18:983\u20138.","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"683_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.21089","volume":"44","author":"J McNally","year":"2009","unstructured":"McNally J, Leis K, Matheson LA, Karuananyake C, Sankaran K, Rosenberg AM. Vitamin D deficiency in young children with severe acute lower respiratory infection. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009;44:981\u20138.","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"683_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.29094","volume":"91","author":"M Urashima","year":"2010","unstructured":"Urashima M, Segawa T, Okazaki M, Kurihara M, Wada Y, Ida H. Randomized trial of vitamin D supplementation to prevent seasonal influenza A in schoolchildren. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;91:1255\u201360.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"683_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1099","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.09.002","volume":"14","author":"A Juzeniene","year":"2010","unstructured":"Juzeniene A, Ma L-W, Kwitniewski M, Polev GA, Lagunova Z, Dahlback A, Moan J. The seasonality of pandemic and non-pandemic influenzas: the roles of solar radiation and vitamin D. Int J Infect Dis. 2010;14:e1099\u2013105.","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"683_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.4161\/derm.1.6.11357","volume":"1","author":"J Moan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moan J, Dahlback A, Ma L, Juzeniene A. Influenza, solar radiation and vitamin D. Dermatoendocrinol. 2009;1:307\u20139.","journal-title":"Dermatoendocrinol"},{"key":"683_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-012-0449-7","volume":"52","author":"D Khare","year":"2013","unstructured":"Khare D, Godbole NM, Pawar SD, Mohan V, Pandey G, Gupta S, Kumar D, Dhole TN, Godbole MM. Calcitriol [1, 25 [OH] 2 D3] pre-and post-treatment suppresses inflammatory response to influenza A (H1N1) infection in human lung A549 epithelial cells. Eur J Nutr. 2013;52:1405\u201315.","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"683_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2965","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1500460","volume":"196","author":"N Fitch","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fitch N, Becker AB, HayGlass KT. Vitamin D [1,25(OH)2D3] differentially regulates human innate cytokine responses to bacterial versus viral pattern recognition receptor stimuli. J Immunol. 2016;196:2965\u201372.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"683_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.4161\/hv.23540","volume":"9","author":"N Principi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Principi N, Marchisio P, Terranova L, Zampiero A, Baggi E, Daleno C, Tirelli S, Pelucchi C, Esposito S. Impact of vitamin D administration on immunogenicity of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in previously unvaccinated children. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2013;9:969\u201374.","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"683_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1310\/hct1205-275","volume":"12","author":"C Cooper","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cooper C, Thorne A. Vitamin D supplementation does not increase immunogenicity of seasonal influenza vaccine in HIV-infected adults. HIV Clin Trials. 2011;12:275\u20136.","journal-title":"HIV Clin Trials"},{"key":"683_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.2307\/1588557","volume":"14","author":"PJ Homme","year":"1970","unstructured":"Homme PJ, Easterday BC. Avian influenza virus infections: I. Characteristics of influenza a-turkey-Wisconsin-1966 virus. Avian Dis. 1970;14:66\u201374.","journal-title":"Avian Dis"},{"key":"683_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1007\/s13238-014-0111-7","volume":"6","author":"Y Sun","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sun Y, Liu J. H9N2 influenza virus in China: a cause of concern. Protein Cell. 2015;6:18\u201325.","journal-title":"Protein Cell"},{"key":"683_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1888","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1304459","volume":"368","author":"R Gao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gao R, Cao B, Hu Y, Feng Z, Wang D, Hu W, et al. Human infection with a novel avian-origin influenza A (H7N9) virus. N Engl J Med. 2013;368:1888\u201397.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"683_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9363","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.16.9363","volume":"96","author":"Y Guan","year":"1999","unstructured":"Guan Y, Shortridge KF, Krauss S, Webster RG. Molecular characterization of H9N2 influenza viruses: were they the donors of the \u201cinternal\u201d genes of H5N1 viruses in Hong Kong? Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999;96:9363\u20137.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"683_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-009-0560-0","volume":"155","author":"G Deng","year":"2009","unstructured":"Deng G, Bi J, Kong F, Li X, Xu Q, Dong J, Zhang M, Zhao L, Luan Z, Lv N. Acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by H9N2 virus in mice. Arch Virol. 2009;155:187\u201395.","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"key":"683_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-013-0317-y","volume":"203","author":"R Huang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Huang R, Liu J, Liang W, Wang A, Liu Z, Yang Y, Lv J, Bao Y, Gao Y, Miao Z. Response profiles of cytokines and chemokines against avian H9N2 influenza virus within the mouse lung. Med Microbiol Immunol. 2014;203:109\u201314.","journal-title":"Med Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"683_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1086\/504690","volume":"194","author":"J Zhou","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zhou J, Law HK, Cheung CY, Ng IH, Peiris JS, Lau YL. Differential expression of chemokines and their receptors in adult and neonatal macrophages infected with human or avian influenza viruses. J Infect Dis. 2006;194:61\u201370.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"683_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2013.05.013","volume":"166","author":"G Zhu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhu G, Wang R, Xuan F, Daszak P, Anthony SJ, Zhang S, Zhang L, He G. Characterization of recombinant H9N2 influenza viruses isolated from wild ducks in China. Vet Microbiol. 2013;166:327\u201336.","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"683_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3929","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.10.3929","volume":"87","author":"JY Zhou","year":"1990","unstructured":"Zhou JY, Norman AW, Chen DL, Sun GW, Uskokovic M, Koeffler HP. 1, 25-Dihydroxy-16-ene-23-yne-vitamin D3 prolongs survival time of leukemic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990;87:3929\u201332.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"683_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(03)01855-4","volume":"112","author":"V Matheu","year":"2003","unstructured":"Matheu V, B\u00e4ck O, Mondoc E, Issazadeh-Navikas S. Dual effects of vitamin D\u2013induced alteration of TH1\/TH2 cytokine expression: enhancing IgE production and decreasing airway eosinophilia in murine allergic airway disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2003;112:585\u201392.","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"683_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200511-1751OC","volume":"174","author":"T Xu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Xu T, Qiao J, Zhao L, Wang G, He G, Li K, Tian Y, Gao M, Wang J, Wang H, Dong C. Acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by avian influenza a (H5N1) virus in mice. Am J Respir Crit Care. 2006;174:1011\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care"},{"key":"683_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1261","volume":"25","author":"A Giulietti","year":"2001","unstructured":"Giulietti A, Overbergh L, Valckx D, Decallonne B, Bouillon R, Mathieu C. An overview of real-time quantitative PCR: applications to quantify cytokine gene expression. Methods. 2001;25:386\u2013401.","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"683_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","volume":"25","author":"KJ Livak","year":"2001","unstructured":"Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2-\u0394\u0394CT method. Methods. 2001;25:402\u20138.","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"683_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2008.73","volume":"3","author":"TD Schmittgen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Schmittgen TD, Livak KJ. Analyzing real-time PCR data by the comparative CT method. Nat Protoc. 2008;3:1101\u20138.","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"683_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2016.1193665","volume":"45","author":"J Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang J, Cao Z, Guo X, Zhang Y, Wang D, Xu S, Yin Y. Cytokine expression in 3 chicken host systems infected with H9N2 influenza viruses with different pathogenicities. Avian Pathol. 2016;45:630\u20139.","journal-title":"Avian Pathol"},{"key":"683_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2009-0120OC","volume":"44","author":"Z Xing","year":"2011","unstructured":"Xing Z, Harper R, Anunciacion J, Yang Z, Gao W, Qu B, Guan Y, Gardona C. Host immune and apoptotic responses to avian influenza virus H9N2 in human tracheobronchial epithelial cell. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2011;44:24\u201333.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"683_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.3109\/08820139.2015.1099663","volume":"45","author":"H Farzin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Farzin H, Toroghi R, Haghparast A. Up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokine production in avian influenza H9N2 virus-infected human lung epithelial cell line (A549). Immunol Invest. 2016;45:116\u201329.","journal-title":"Immunol Invest"},{"key":"683_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4974","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.9.4974","volume":"167","author":"A Boonstra","year":"2001","unstructured":"Boonstra A, Barrat FJ, Crain C, Heath VL, Savelkoul HF, O\u2019Garra A. 1\u03b1, 25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 has a direct effect on naive CD4+ T cells to enhance the development of Th2 cells. J Immunol. 2001;167:4974\u201380.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"683_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2010.12.006","volume":"50","author":"JA Beard","year":"2011","unstructured":"Beard JA, Bearden A, Striker R. Vitamin D and the anti-viral state. J Clin Virol. 2011;50:194\u2013200.","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"683_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1861","volume":"11","author":"T Ichinohe","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ichinohe T, Pang IKS, Iwasaki A. Influenza virus activates inflammasomes via its intracellular M2 channel. Nat Immunol. 2010;11:404\u201310.","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"683_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4724","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501312102","volume":"102","author":"KD Healy","year":"2005","unstructured":"Healy KD, Vanhooke JL, Prahl JM, DeLuca HF. Parathyroid hormone decreases renal vitamin D expression in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005;102:4724\u20138.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"683_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2739S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/135.11.2739S","volume":"135","author":"MF Holick","year":"2005","unstructured":"Holick MF. The vitamin D epidemic and its health consequences. J Nutr. 2005;135:2739S\u201348S.","journal-title":"J Nutr"}],"container-title":["Virology Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12985-017-0683-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,17]],"date-time":"2019-09-17T22:01:18Z","timestamp":1568757678000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12985-017-0683-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,23]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["683"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12985-017-0683-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1743-422X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1743-422X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,23]]},"article-number":"10"}}