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Although this technique can be utilized to visualize nucleocapsid transport in Marburg virus (MARV)- or Ebola virus-infected cells, the experiments require biosafety level-4 (BSL-4) laboratories, which are restricted to trained and authorized individuals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To overcome this limitation, we developed a live-cell imaging system to visualize MARV nucleocapsid-like structures using fluorescence-conjugated viral proteins, which can be conducted outside BSL-4 laboratories.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our experiments revealed that nucleocapsid-like structures have similar transport characteristics to those of nucleocapsids observed in MARV-infected cells, both of which are mediated by actin polymerization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We developed a non-infectious live cell imaging system to visualize intracellular transport of MARV nucleocapsid-like structures. This system provides a safe platform to evaluate antiviral drugs that inhibit MARV nucleocapsid transport.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-019-1267-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,19]],"date-time":"2019-12-19T09:02:39Z","timestamp":1576746159000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A live-cell imaging system for visualizing the transport of Marburg virus nucleocapsid-like structures"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yuki","family":"Takamatsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Dolnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0658-4663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takeshi","family":"Noda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Becker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"1267_CR1","volume-title":"Chronology of Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever Outbreaks","author":"CDC","year":"2014","unstructured":"CDC: Chronology of Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever Outbreaks. 2014."},{"key":"1267_CR2","volume-title":"Outbreaks chronology: Marburg hemorrhagic fever","author":"Prevention CfDCa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Prevention CfDCa: Outbreaks chronology: Marburg hemorrhagic fever. 2014."},{"key":"1267_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4275","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1120453109","volume":"109","author":"TA Bharat","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bharat TA, Noda T, Riches JD, Kraehling V, Kolesnikova L, Becker S, Kawaoka Y, Briggs JA. 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