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They can promote RNA cleavage and repress translation via base-pairing with complementary sequences within mRNA molecules.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Main body<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encodes a large number of miRNAs that regulate transcriptions of both host cells and themselves to favor viral infection and inhibit the host\u2019s immune response. To date, ~\u200926 mature HCMV miRNAs have been identified. Nevertheless, their roles in viral infection are ambiguous, and the mechanisms have not been fully revealed. Therefore, we discuss the methods used in HCMV miRNA research and summarize the important roles of HCMV miRNAs and their potential mechanisms in infection.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To study the miRNAs encoded by viruses and their roles in viral replication, expression, and infection will not only contribute to the planning of effective antiviral therapies, but also provide new molecular targets for the development of antiviral drugs.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-020-1296-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]],"date-time":"2020-03-12T20:02:45Z","timestamp":1584043365000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["MicroRNAs expressed by human cytomegalovirus"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Lichen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2323-462X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhijun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"1296_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00218","volume":"5","author":"E Van Damme","year":"2014","unstructured":"Van Damme E, Van Loock M. 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