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The antiviral drugs arbidol, interferon alpha-1b, lopinavir\u2013ritonavir and ribavirin were distributed to the patients for treatment. The primary endpoint of this study was the time to develop severe illness.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Of the 462 patients admitted, 403 had moderate COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission and were included in this study. 90 of the 403 (22.3%) patients progressed to severe illness. The use of arbidol was associated with a lower severity rate 3.5% compared to control group 30.5%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-value\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001; the adjusted hazard ratio was 0.28 (95% CI: 0.084\u20130.90, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.033). The use of interferon alpha-1b was associated with a lower severity rate 15.5% compared to control group 29.3%, with <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-value\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001; the adjusted hazard ratio was 0.30 (95% CI: 0.15\u20130.58, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u00a00.0005). The use of lopinavir\u2013itonavir and ribavirin did not show significant differences in adjusted regression models. Early use of arbidol within 7\u00a0days of symptom onset was significantly associated with a reduced recovery time of \u2212\u00a05.2\u00a0days (IQR \u2212\u00a03.0 to \u2212\u00a07.5, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094e\u221206) compared with the control group.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Treatment with arbidol and interferon alpha-1b contributes to reducing the severity of illness in patients with moderate COVID-19 pneumonia. Early use of arbidol may reduce patients\u2019 recovery time.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-021-01617-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T13:03:04Z","timestamp":1625749384000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Antiviral drugs arbidol and interferon alpha-1b contribute to reducing the severity of COVID-19 patients: a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2407-4074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peng","family":"Yin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jincheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junxiao","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dongqi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuyan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qinglong","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muchun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gengwei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yingxia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guoliang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"1617_CR1","unstructured":"WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. https:\/\/covid19.who.int\/. 2020."},{"issue":"9374","key":"1617_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2045","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13615-X","volume":"361","author":"J Cinatl","year":"2003","unstructured":"Cinatl J, Morgenstern B, Bauer G, Chandra P, Rabenau H, Doerr HW. 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