{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:22:10Z","timestamp":1790774530557,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]],"date-time":"2022-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643587200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]],"date-time":"2022-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Sci-Tech Key Project","award":["2018ZX10201002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018ZX10201002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Virol J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is an important transcription factor which plays a pivotal role in detoxifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) and has been more recently shown to regulate inflammatory and antiviral responses. However, the role of Nrf2 in Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection is still unclear. In this study, the interaction between the Nrf2 and HSV-1 replication was investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The levels of oxidative stress was monitored by using 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) ELISA kits, and the dynamic changes of Nrf2-antioxidant response element (Nrf2-ARE) pathway were detected by Western Blot. The effect of Nrf2-ARE pathway on the regulation of HSV-1 proliferation was analyzed by Western Blot, Real-Time PCR and TCID<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>assay.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>HSV-1 infection induced oxidative stress. Nrf2 was activated, accompanied by the increase of its down-stream antioxidant enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) in the early stage of HSV-1 infection. The proliferation of HSV-1 was inhibited by overexpression of Nrf2 or treatment with its activator tert-Butylhydroquinone (tBHQ). On the contrary, silencing of Nrf2 promotes virus replication. HO-1 is involved in the regulation of IFN response, leading to efficient anti-HSV-1 effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our observations indicate that the Nrf2-ARE pathway activates a passive defensive response in the early stage of HSV-1 infection. Targeting the Nrf2 pathway demonstrates the potential for combating HSV-1 infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-021-01733-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]],"date-time":"2022-01-31T11:17:57Z","timestamp":1643627877000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Upregulation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) represses the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7606-6637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongtu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"1733_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e32303","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.32303","volume":"7","author":"AB Russell","year":"2018","unstructured":"Russell AB, Trapnell C, Bloom JD. 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