{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T12:35:17Z","timestamp":1740141317863,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709769600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709769600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Startup Fund for Scientific Research of Fujian Medical University","award":["2022QH1087"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022QH1087"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Virol J"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Airway bleeding events are a rare incident in <jats:italic>SARS-CoV-2<\/jats:italic>-infected patients after tracheostomies. We aimed to explore the correlation between airway bleeding and <jats:italic>SARS-CoV-2<\/jats:italic> infection and evaluate the consistency of <jats:italic>SARS-CoV-2<\/jats:italic> RNA test results in the upper and lower airway samples from patients after tracheostomies.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Forty-four patients after temporary or permanent tracheostomy were divided into a positive group (29 patients) and a negative group (15 patients) based on the <jats:italic>SARS-CoV-2<\/jats:italic> RNA test results of their oropharyngeal swabs. The oropharyngeal and tracheal swabs of the positive group were re-collected for <jats:italic>SARS-CoV-2<\/jats:italic> RNA detection. Demographic and clinical characteristics and airway bleeding events were recorded for all enrolled patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Airway bleeding was reported in eleven patients of the positive group (11\/29), with seven displaying bloody sputum or hemoptysis, and four featuring massive sputum crust formation in the trachea that resulted in dyspnea, and only one patient in the negative group (1\/15), with a significant difference in the airway bleeding rate (37.9% vs. 6.7%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The <jats:italic>SARS-CoV-2<\/jats:italic> RNA test results showed a statistical difference in cycle threshold (Ct) values between oropharyngeal swabs and tracheal swabs (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>After tracheostomies, patients are more susceptible to airway bleeding if they are infected with <jats:italic>SARS-CoV-2<\/jats:italic>. The findings signify that in addition to droplet transmission through tracheostoma, <jats:italic>SARS-CoV-2<\/jats:italic> may infect the oropharynx by airborne and close contact transmission, and that given the higher viral load and longer infection time in the trachea, tracheal swabs are more reliable for <jats:italic>SARS-CoV-2<\/jats:italic> detection in these patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-024-02320-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T19:01:54Z","timestamp":1709838114000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["SARS-CoV-2 infection increases airway bleeding risk in patients after tracheostomies"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1739-3122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shupin","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3955-7574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gongbiao","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaobo","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhihong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2320_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2023.199134","volume":"332","author":"G Gori Savellini","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gori Savellini G, Anichini G, Cusi MG. 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The study protocol was reviewed and approved by The Ethics Committee of First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University (Certificate NO.: [2015]084\u2009\u2212\u20092).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not Applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"61"}}