{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T08:33:59Z","timestamp":1787906039986,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002386","name":"Cairo University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002386","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Virol J"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nitric oxide (NO) may contribute to the persistence of high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection, which has been linked to the development of premalignant lesions and cervical cancer. Our study aimed to examine the relationship between cervical NO metabolite (NOx) levels, hrHPV infection, and cytopathological findings. Additionally, we assessed cervical NOx levels as a biomarker for predicting hrHPV infection and epithelial atypia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study involved 74 women who attended the Gynecology and Obstetrics outpatient clinics at Cairo University Hospitals between November 2021 and August 2022. Cervical samples were subjected to Pap testing, assessment of NOx levels by the Griess method, and detection of hrHPV DNA by real-time polymerase chain reaction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      High-risk HPV was detected in 37.8% of women. EA was found in 17.1% of cases, with a higher percentage among hrHPV-positive than negative cases (35.7% vs. 4.3%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001). The most prevalent hrHPV genotype was HPV 16 (89.3%). The cervical NOx level in hrHPV-positive cases was significantly higher (37.4 \u00b5mol\/mL, IQR: 34.5\u201345.8) compared to negative cases (2.3 \u00b5mol\/mL, IQR: 1.2\u20139.8) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Patients with high-grade atypia showed significantly higher NOx levels (38.0 \u00b5mol\/mL, IQR: 24.6\u201394.7) in comparison to NILM and low-grade atypia cases (5.0 \u00b5mol\/mL, IQR: 1.6\u201333.3 and 34.5 \u00b5mol\/mL, IQR: 11.7\u201361.7, respectively) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.006). Although the NOx levels among hrHPV-positive cases with low-grade atypia (40.4 \u00b5mol\/mL, IQR: 33.3\u201261.8) were higher than those with NILM (36.2 \u00b5mol\/mL, IQR: 35.7\u201244.0) and high-grade atypia (38.0 \u00b5mol\/mL, IQR: 24.6\u201294.7), the difference was not significant (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.771). ROC curve analysis indicated that the cervical NOx cut-off values of &gt;\u200923.61 \u00b5mol\/mL and &gt;\u200911.35 \u00b5mol\/mL exhibited good diagnostic accuracy for the prediction of hrHPV infection and EA, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The high prevalence of hrHPV infection, particularly HPV 16, in our hospital warrants targeted treatment and comprehensive screening. Elevated cervical NOx levels are associated with hrHPV infection and high-grade atypia, suggesting their potential use as biomarkers for predicting the presence of hrHPV and abnormal cytological changes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-024-02435-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T08:02:53Z","timestamp":1722585773000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["High-risk human papillomavirus infection and cervical cytopathology: relationship with cervical nitric oxide levels"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Doaa Mahdy","family":"El-Wakil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olfat G.","family":"Shaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed S. S. A.","family":"Rashwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasmine Fathy","family":"Elesawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nermin","family":"Samir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2435_CR1","unstructured":"International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Global Cancer Observatory (GCO). World Health Organization (WHO). 2022. https:\/\/gco.iarc.fr\/today\/en."},{"key":"2435_CR2","first-page":"241","volume":"19","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2017","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines: WHO position paper, May 2017. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2017;19:241\u201368. https:\/\/iris.who.int\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/255354\/WER9219-241-268.pdf.","journal-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"2435_CR3","unstructured":"International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Working Group. Human Papillomaviruses: IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Vol. 90, Lyon, France. 2007. https:\/\/publications.iarc.fr\/Book-And-Report-Series\/Iarc-Monographs-On-The-Identification-Of-Carcinogenic-Hazards-To-Humans\/Human-Papillomaviruses-2007."},{"issue":"10","key":"2435_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1080\/15384047.2017.1310349","volume":"19","author":"M Di Domenico","year":"2018","unstructured":"Di Domenico M, Giovane G, Kouidhi S, Iorio R, Romano M, De Francesco F, Feola A, Siciliano C, Califano L, Giordano A. HPV epigenetic mechanisms related to oropharyngeal and cervix cancers. Cancer Biol Ther. 2018;19(10):850\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15384047.2017.1310349.","journal-title":"Cancer Biol Ther"},{"key":"2435_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2018.01.003","volume":"246","author":"A Cruz-Gregorio","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cruz-Gregorio A, Manzo-Merino J, Lizano M. Cellular Redox, cancer and human papillomavirus. Virus Res. 2018;246:35\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.virusres.2018.01.003.","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"2435_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2230","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2230","volume":"31","author":"A Cruz-Gregorio","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cruz-Gregorio A, Aranda\u2010Rivera AK. Redox\u2010sensitive signalling pathways regulated by human papillomavirus in HPV\u2010related cancers. Rev Med Virol. 2021;31(6):e2230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/rmv.2230.","journal-title":"Rev Med Virol"},{"key":"2435_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7819-11-118","volume":"11","author":"S Korde Choudhari","year":"2013","unstructured":"Korde Choudhari S, Chaudhary M, Bagde S, Gadbail AR, Joshi V. Nitric oxide and cancer: a review. World J Surg Oncol. 2013;11:118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1477-7819-11-118.","journal-title":"World J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2435_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc798","volume":"2","author":"H Zur Hausen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zur Hausen H. Papillomaviruses and cancer: from basic studies to clinical application. Nat Rev Cancer. 2002;2(5):342\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrc798.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"11","key":"2435_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4878","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-08-4695","volume":"69","author":"L Wei","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wei L, Gravitt PE, Song H, Maldonado AM, Ozbun MA. Nitric oxide induces early viral transcription coincident with increased DNA damage and mutation rates in human papillomavirus\u2013infected cells. Cancer Res. 2009;69(11):4878\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-08-4695.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2435_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2006.09.010","volume":"124","author":"M De Andrea","year":"2007","unstructured":"De Andrea M, Mondini M, Azzimonti B, Dell\u2019Oste V, Germano S, Gaudino G, Musso T, Landolfo S, Gariglio M. Alpha-and betapapillomavirus E6\/E7 genes differentially modulate pro-inflammatory gene expression. Virus Res. 2007;124(1\u20132):220\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.virusres.2006.09.010.","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"2435_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2009.05.003","volume":"114","author":"P Rahkola","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rahkola P, Mikkola TS, Ylikorkala O, Vaisanen-Tommiska M. Association between high risk papillomavirus DNA and nitric oxide release in the human uterine cervix. Gynecol Oncol. 2009;114(2):323\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ygyno.2009.05.003.","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2435_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2933","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.25637","volume":"128","author":"P Rahkola","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rahkola P, V\u00e4is\u00e4nen-Tommiska M, Tuomikoski P, Ylikorkala O, Mikkola TS. Cervical nitric oxide release and persistence of high\u2010risk human papillomavirus in women. Int J Cancer. 2011;128(12):2933\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.25637.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"2435_CR13","unstructured":"Cibas E, Ducatman B, Cytology. Diagnostic Principles and Clinical Correlates, 5th edition; Elsevier: Philadelphia, PA, USA. 2020."},{"issue":"5","key":"2435_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.21521","volume":"123","author":"R Nayar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nayar R, Wilbur DC. The pap test and Bethesda 2014. Cancer Cytopathol. 2015;123(5):271\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cncy.21521.","journal-title":"Cancer Cytopathol"},{"key":"2435_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kamal MM. The pap smear in inflammation and repair. Cytojournal. 2022;19.","DOI":"10.25259\/CMAS_03_08_2021"},{"issue":"3","key":"2435_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2003.161","volume":"188","author":"M V\u00e4is\u00e4nen-Tommiska","year":"2003","unstructured":"V\u00e4is\u00e4nen-Tommiska M, Nuutila M, Aittom\u00e4ki K, Hiilesmaa V, Ylikorkala O. Nitric oxide metabolites in cervical fluid during pregnancy: further evidence for the role of cervical nitric oxide in cervical ripening. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003;188(3):779\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1067\/mob.2003.161.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2435_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1704","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6604324","volume":"98","author":"A Sargent","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sargent A, Bailey A, Almonte M, Turner A, Thomson C, Peto J, Desai M, Mather J, Moss S, Roberts C, Kitchener HC. Prevalence of type-specific HPV infection by age and grade of cervical cytology: data from the ARTISTIC trial. Br J Cancer. 2008;98(10):1704\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.bjc.6604324.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"2435_CR18","unstructured":"Human Papillomavirus and Related Cancers. Fact sheet. ICO\/IARC HPV Information Centre on HPV and Cancer. 2023, 199\u2013203. https:\/\/hpvcentre.net\/statistics\/reports\/EGY_FS.pdf."},{"issue":"2","key":"2435_CR19","first-page":"110","volume":"8","author":"P Prakash","year":"2014","unstructured":"Prakash P, Singh S, Dhakad C, Pandey S, Kumar M, Pandey LK, Kar AG, Nath G, Gulati AK. Nested multiplex (NMPCR) detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and 18 in pre-invasive lesions and its implication in screening of carcinoma cervix (CaCx). J Clin Diagn Res. 2014;8(2):110.","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"2435_CR20","first-page":"MT43","volume":"12","author":"AA MT","year":"2006","unstructured":"MT AA, MZ AA, Atta HM, Shaker OG, MM AF, Mohsen GA, Ahmed HH, El Derwi DA. Screening for human papillomavirus (HPV) in Egyptian women by the second-generation hybrid capture (HC II) test. Med Sci Monit. 2006;12(7):MT43\u20139.","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"2435_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s13027-016-0053-1","volume":"11","author":"MA Youssef","year":"2016","unstructured":"Youssef MA, Abdelsalam L, Harfoush RA, Talaat IM, Elkattan E, Mohey A, Abdella RM, Farhan MS, Foad HA, Elsayed AM, Elkinaai NA. Prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) and its genotypes in cervical specimens of Egyptian women by linear array HPV genotyping test. Infect Agent Cancer. 2016;11:6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13027-016-0053-1.","journal-title":"Infect Agent Cancer"},{"key":"2435_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jihad NA, Naif HM, Sabri EH. Prevalence of high-risk human papilloma virus among Iraqi women with abnormal cervical cytology. Gene Rep. 2020;21:100871. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.genrep.2020.100871.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genrep.2020.100871"},{"key":"2435_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-018-3105-x","volume":"18","author":"P Zhao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhao P, Liu S, Zhong Z, Hou J, Lin L, Weng R, Su L, Lei N, Hou T, Yang H. Prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus infection among women in northeastern Guangdong Province of China. BMC Infect Dis. 2018;18:204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-018-3105-x.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"2435_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.4236\/ojog.2021.117082","volume":"11","author":"M Elazab","year":"2021","unstructured":"Elazab M, Ali O, Ramadan MC, Hassan M, Aljedaani H, Gardner F. The prevalence of human papilloma virus (hpv) among Egyptian women and its impact: an observational study. Open J Obstet Gynecol. 2021;11(7):879\u201384.","journal-title":"Open J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2435_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.51429\/EJMM29406","volume":"29","author":"SA Ibrahim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ibrahim SA, Abdel-Salam SA, Amer MI, El-Sayed AA, Hassan RA. Prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) and type distribution of genotypes (6, 11, 16, and 18) among Egyptian women. Egypt J Med Microbiol. 2020;29(4):45\u201350.","journal-title":"Egypt J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"2435_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552028","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2020.552028","volume":"8","author":"AJ Kombe Kombe","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kombe Kombe AJ, Li B, Zahid A, Mengist HM, Bounda GA, Zhou Y, Jin T. Epidemiology and burden of human papillomavirus and related diseases, molecular pathogenesis, and vaccine evaluation. Front Public Health. 2021;8:552028. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2020.552028.","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"2435_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1086\/657321","volume":"202","author":"L Bruni","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bruni L, Diaz M, Castellsagu\u00e9 M, Ferrer E, Bosch FX, de Sanjos\u00e9 S. Cervical human papillomavirus prevalence in 5 continents: meta-analysis of 1 million women with normal cytological findings. J Infect Dis. 2010;202(12):1789\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/657321.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2435_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-9378-2-12","volume":"2","author":"AE All","year":"2007","unstructured":"All AE, Refaat HS, Dandash A. Prevalence of cervical neoplastic lesions and human papilloma virus infection in Egypt: national cervical cancer screening project. Infect Agent Cancer. 2007;2:12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1750-9378-2-12.","journal-title":"Infect Agent Cancer"},{"key":"2435_CR29","unstructured":"World Health Organization - Cervical Cancer Country Profiles, Egypt. 2021. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/m\/item\/cervical-cancer-egy-country-profile-2021."},{"issue":"10","key":"2435_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/92.10.818","volume":"92","author":"L Kuhn","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kuhn L, Denny L, Pollack A, Lorincz A, Richart RM, Wright TC. Human papillomavirus DNA testing for cervical cancer screening in low-resource settings. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000;92(10):818\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jnci\/92.10.818.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"6","key":"2435_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPAZV88VIFZSFD","volume":"133","author":"MJ Thrall","year":"2010","unstructured":"Thrall MJ, Russell DK, Facik MS, Yao JL, Warner JN, Bonfiglio TA, Giampoli EJ. High-risk HPV testing in women 30 years or older with negative Papanicolaou tests: initial clinical experience with 18-month follow-up. Am J Clin Pathol. 2010;133(6):894\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1309\/AJCPAZV88VIFZSFD.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2435_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2303.2001.00302.x","volume":"12","author":"YL Oh","year":"2001","unstructured":"Oh YL, Shin KJ, Han J, Kim DS. Significance of high-risk human papillomavirus detection by polymerase chain reaction in primary cervical cancer screening. Cytopathology. 2001;12(2):75\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2303.2001.00302.x.","journal-title":"Cytopathology"},{"key":"2435_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alarc\u00f3n-Romero LD, Organista-Nava J, G\u00f3mez-G\u00f3mez Y, Ortiz-Ortiz J, Hern\u00e1ndez-Sotelo D, del Moral-Hern\u00e1ndez O, Mendoza-Catal\u00e1n MA, Anta\u00f1o-Arias R, Leyva-V\u00e1zquez MA, Sales-Linares N. Antonio-V\u00e9jar V. Prevalence and distribution of human papillomavirus genotypes (1997\u20132019) and their association with cervical cancer and precursor lesions in women from Southern Mexico. Cancer Control. 2022;29. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10732748221103331.","DOI":"10.1177\/10732748221103331"},{"key":"2435_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li J, Rao H, Jin CE, Liu J. Involvement of the toll-like receptor\/nitric oxide signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer caused by high-risk human papillomavirus infection. Biomed Res Int. 2017; 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2017\/7830262.","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/7830262"},{"issue":"11","key":"2435_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(10)70230-8","volume":"11","author":"S de Sanjose","year":"2010","unstructured":"de Sanjose S, Quint WG, Alemany L, Geraets DT, Klaustermeier JE, Lloveras B, Tous S, Felix A, Bravo LE, Shin HR, Vallejos CS. Human papillomavirus genotype attribution in invasive cervical cancer: a retrospective cross-sectional worldwide study. Lancet Oncol. 2010;11(11):1048\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1470-2045(10)70230-8.","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"2435_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-9378-8-20","volume":"8","author":"M Haghshenas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Haghshenas M, Golini-Moghaddam T, Rafiei A, Emadeian O, Shykhpour A, Ashrafi GH. Prevalence and type distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus in patients with cervical cancer: a population-based study. Infect Agent Cancer. 2013;8:20. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1750-9378-8-20.","journal-title":"Infect Agent Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"2435_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.12892\/ejgo2581.2015","volume":"36","author":"L Yang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yang L, He Z, Huang XY, Liu HN, Tao JY. Prevalence of human papillomavirus and the correlation of HPV infection with cervical disease in Weihai, China. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 2015;36(1):73\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12892\/ejgo2581.2015.","journal-title":"Eur J Gynaecol Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2435_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340902807181","volume":"88","author":"P Rahkola","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rahkola P, Mikkola TS, Nieminen P, Ylikorkala O, Vaisanen-Tommiska. Abnormal cervical cytology is associated with increased nitric oxide release in the uterine cervix. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2009;88(4):417\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00016340902807181.","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"2435_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-013-2850-8","volume":"288","author":"L Giannella","year":"2013","unstructured":"Giannella L, Prandi S, Giulini S, Mfuta K, Torrini B, Boselli F. Cervical nitric oxide metabolite levels and clinical variables as predictive factors of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2013;288:1095\u2013100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00404-013-2850-8.","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"4","key":"2435_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1155\/2007\/914823","volume":"23","author":"FX Bosch","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bosch FX, de Sanjos\u00e9 S. The epidemiology of human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer. Dis Markers. 2007;23(4):213\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2007\/914823.","journal-title":"Dis Markers"}],"container-title":["Virology Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12985-024-02435-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12985-024-02435-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12985-024-02435-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T08:06:54Z","timestamp":1722586014000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12985-024-02435-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2435"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12985-024-02435-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1743-422X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1743-422X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 May 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 July 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 August 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Institutional Review Board, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt (ID: N-89-2021). This work has been conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable, as this manuscript does not contain any individual personal data and\/or media.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"173"}}