{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:37:58Z","timestamp":1787020678386,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744761600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["LY21H270003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LY21H270003"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["LY21H270003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LY21H270003"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Province 551 Health Talent Training Project","award":["Zhejiang Provincial Health and Health Commission Office [2021] 40"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Zhejiang Provincial Health and Health Commission Office [2021] 40"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Province 551 Health Talent Training Project","award":["Zhejiang Provincial Health and Health Commission Office [2021] 40"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Zhejiang Provincial Health and Health Commission Office [2021] 40"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Virol J"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-025-02725-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T02:20:15Z","timestamp":1744770015000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Cytomegalovirus infection initiates inflammatory bowel disease by activating a positive MyD88\/NF-\u03baB feedback loop in allogeneic skin transplantation mice"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Ming-Xian","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie-Yi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sai-Yue","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tang-Biao","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2725_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S149784","volume":"10","author":"YL Lv","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lv YL, Han FF, Jia YJ, Wan ZR, Gong LL, Liu H, et al. Is cytomegalovirus infection related to inflammatory bowel disease, especially steroid-resistant inflammatory bowel disease? A meta-analysis. Infect Drug Resist. 2017;10:511\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IDR.S149784. PubMed PMID: 29276397; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5733908.","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"issue":"2","key":"2725_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.25122\/jml-2018-0075","volume":"12","author":"SS Seyedian","year":"2019","unstructured":"Seyedian SS, Nokhostin F, Malamir MD. A review of the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment methods of inflammatory bowel disease. J Med Life. 2019;12(2):113\u201322. PubMed PMID: 31406511; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6685307. doi: 10.25122\/jml-2018-0075.","journal-title":"J Med Life"},{"key":"2725_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shapiro JM, Subedi S, LeLeiko NS. Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Pediatrics in review. 2016;37(8):337\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/pir.2015-0110. PubMed PMID: 27482063.","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.2015-0110"},{"issue":"1","key":"2725_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(19)30333-4","volume":"5","author":"GBDIBD Collaborators","year":"2020","unstructured":"Collaborators GBDIBD, Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. The global, regional, and National burden of inflammatory bowel disease in 195 countries and territories, 1990\u20132017: a systematic analysis for the. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;5(1):17\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2468-1253(19)30333-4. PubMed PMID: 31648971; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7026709.","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2725_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gatherer D, Depledge DP, Hartley CA, Szpara ML, Vaz PK, Benk\u0151 M, et al. ICTV virus taxonomy profile: herpesviridae 2021. J Gen Virol. 2021;102(10). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/jgv.0.001673. PubMed PMID: 34704922; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC8604186. Epub 2021\/10\/28.","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.001673"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2725_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S97","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.21.016","volume":"35","author":"G Baek","year":"2023","unstructured":"Baek G, Koo T, Kim MS, Jue MS. Cutaneous cytomegalovirus infection presenting as recalcitrant bullous pemphigoid lesion. Ann Dermatol. 2023;35(Suppl 1):S97\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5021\/ad.21.016. Epub 2023\/10\/19.","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2725_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(04)01202-2","volume":"4","author":"MK Gandhi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gandhi MK, Khanna R. Human cytomegalovirus: clinical aspects, immune regulation, and emerging treatments. Lancet Infect Dis. 2004;4(12):725\u201338. doi: 10.1016\/S1473-3099(04)01202-2. PubMed PMID: 15567122.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2725_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-021-00582-z","author":"P Griffiths","year":"2021","unstructured":"Griffiths P, Reeves M. Pathogenesis of human cytomegalovirus in the immunocompromised host. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41579-021-00582-z. PubMed PMID: 34168328; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8223196.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2725_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1620","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.21275","volume":"16","author":"G Lawlor","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lawlor G, Moss AC. Cytomegalovirus in inflammatory bowel disease: pathogen or innocent bystander? Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2010;16(9):1620\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ibd.21275. PubMed PMID: 20232408.","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2725_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1159\/000443198","volume":"1","author":"H Nakase","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nakase H, Herfarth H, Cytomegalovirus, Colitis. Cytomegalovirus hepatitis and systemic cytomegalovirus infection: common features and differences. Inflamm Intest Dis. 2016;1(1):15\u201323. Epub 2016\/06\/01. doi: 10.1159\/000443198. PubMed PMID: 27243020; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4883584.","journal-title":"Inflamm Intest Dis"},{"key":"2725_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Criscuoli V, Casa A, Orlando A, Pecoraro G, Oliva L, Traina M et al. Severe acute colitis associated with CMV: a prevalence study. Digestive and liver disease: official journal of the Italian society of gastroenterology and the Italian association for the study of the liver. 2004;36(12):818\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dld.2004.05.013. PubMed PMID: 15646428.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2004.05.013"},{"issue":"4","key":"2725_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a000034","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a000034","volume":"1","author":"A Oeckinghaus","year":"2009","unstructured":"Oeckinghaus A, Ghosh S. The NF-kappaB family of transcription factors and its regulation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2009;1(4):a000034. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/cshperspect.a000034. PubMed PMID: 20066092; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2773619.","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol"},{"key":"2725_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu T, Zhang L, Joo D, Sun SC. NF-kappaB signaling in inflammation. Signal transduction and targeted therapy. 2017;2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sigtrans.2017.23. PubMed PMID: 29158945; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5661633.","DOI":"10.1038\/sigtrans"},{"issue":"1","key":"2725_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI11830","volume":"107","author":"PP Tak","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tak PP, Firestein GS. NF-kappaB: a key role in inflammatory diseases. J Clin Investig. 2001;107(1):7\u201311. 10.1172\/JCI11830. PubMed PMID: 11134171; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC198552.","journal-title":"J Clin Investig"},{"issue":"16","key":"2725_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddh182","volume":"13","author":"J Li","year":"2004","unstructured":"Li J, Moran T, Swanson E, Julian C, Harris J, Bonen DK, et al. Regulation of IL-8 and IL-1beta expression in Crohn\u2019s disease associated NOD2\/CARD15 mutations. Hum Mol Genet. 2004;13(16):1715\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/hmg\/ddh182. PubMed PMID: 15198989.","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"4","key":"2725_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G850","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00071.2008","volume":"296","author":"M Onizawa","year":"2009","unstructured":"Onizawa M, Nagaishi T, Kanai T, Nagano K, Oshima S, Nemoto Y, et al. Signaling pathway via TNF-alpha\/NF-kappaB in intestinal epithelial cells May be directly involved in colitis-associated carcinogenesis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2009;296(4):G850\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpgi.00071.2008. PubMed PMID: 19179628.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2725_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4498","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.78.9.4498-4507.2004","volume":"78","author":"IB DeMeritt","year":"2004","unstructured":"DeMeritt IB, Milford LE, Yurochko AD. Activation of the NF-kappaB pathway in human cytomegalovirus-infected cells is necessary for efficient transactivation of the major immediate-early promoter. J Virol. 2004;78(9):4498\u2013507. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jvi.78.9.4498-4507.2004. PubMed PMID: 15078930; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC387686.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"2725_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cosme-Cruz R, Mart\u00ednez FP, Perez KJ, Tang Q. H2B homology region of major immediate-early protein 1 is essential for murine cytomegalovirus to disrupt nuclear domain 10, but is not important for viral replication in cell culture. J Gen Virol. 2011;92(Pt 9):2006-19. Epub 2011\/06\/03. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/vir.0.033225-0. PubMed PMID: 21632568; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3353387.","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.033225-0"},{"issue":"16","key":"2725_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8590","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01234-15","volume":"89","author":"S Rattay","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rattay S, Trilling M, Megger DA, Sitek B, Meyer HE, Hengel H, et al. The canonical immediate early 3 gene product pIE611 of mouse cytomegalovirus is dispensable for viral replication but mediates transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of viral gene products. J Virol. 2015;89(16):8590\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jvi.01234-15. Epub 2015\/06\/13.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"2725_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gao J, Wang A, Bu X, Jia W. Acute murine cytomegalovirus infection boosts cell-type specific response and lipid metabolism changes in the liver of infant mice. Front Immunol. 2023;14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1169869.:1169869. Epub 2023\/08\/28.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1169869"},{"issue":"13","key":"2725_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2003.09","volume":"5","author":"A Krmpotic","year":"2003","unstructured":"Krmpotic A, Bubic I, Polic B, Lucin P, Jonjic S. Pathogenesis of murine cytomegalovirus infection. Microbes Infect. 2003;5(13):1263\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micinf.2003.09. Epub 2003\/11\/19.","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"2725_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/341387","author":"D Ni","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ni D, Yu H, Zhang W, Gan L, Zhao J, Wang M, et al. A mouse model of interstitial pneumonitis induced by murine cytomegalovirus infection after allogeneic skin transplantation. Biomed Res Int. 2013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2013\/341387. 2013:341387. Epub 2013\/08\/13.","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"2725_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2008.01.154","volume":"79","author":"M Schleiss","year":"2008","unstructured":"Schleiss M, Eickhoff J, Auerochs S, Leis M, Abele S, Rechter S, et al. Protein kinase inhibitors of the Quinazoline class exert anti-cytomegaloviral activity in vitro and in vivo. Antiviral Res. 2008;79(1):49\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.antiviral.2008.01.154. Epub 2008\/03\/11.","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"2725_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3631","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.02380-09","volume":"84","author":"XF Liu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Liu XF, Yan S, Abecassis M, Hummel M. Biphasic recruitment of transcriptional repressors to the murine cytomegalovirus major immediate-early promoter during the course of infection in vivo. J Virol. 2010;84(7):3631\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jvi.02380-09. Epub 2010\/01\/29.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"2725_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li BR, Wu J, Li HS, Jiang ZH, Zhou XM, Xu CH et al. In Vitro and In Vivo Approaches to Determine Intestinal Epithelial Cell Permeability. Journal of visualized experiments: JoVE. 2018;(140). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3791\/57032. PubMed PMID: 30394372; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6235556.","DOI":"10.3791\/57032"},{"issue":"10","key":"2725_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7644","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.4367","volume":"12","author":"X Ma","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ma X, Zhu N, Yu X, Wang W, Wu W. Research on preventive effect of Akkermansia muciniphilaakk PROBIO on acute gouty arthritis in mice. Food Sci Nutr. 2024;12(10):7644\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/fsn3.4367. Epub 2024\/10\/31.","journal-title":"Food Sci Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"2725_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2810","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.5.2810","volume":"177","author":"CJ Sanders","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sanders CJ, Yu Y, Moore DA 3rd, Williams IR, Gewirtz AT. Humoral immune response to Flagellin requires T cells and activation of innate immunity. J Immunol. 2006;177(5):2810\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.177.5.2810. Epub 2006\/08\/22.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2725_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxn055","volume":"20","author":"S Selleri","year":"2008","unstructured":"Selleri S, Palazzo M, Deola S, Wang E, Balsari A, Marincola FM, et al. Induction of pro-inflammatory programs in enteroendocrine cells by the Toll-like receptor agonists Flagellin and bacterial LPS. Int Immunol. 2008;20(8):961\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/intimm\/dxn055. Epub 2008\/06\/12.","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2725_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.7656","volume":"37","author":"J Huang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Huang J, Wu T, Zhong Y, Huang J, Kang Z, Zhou B, et al. Effect of Curcumin on regulatory B cells in chronic colitis mice involving TLR\/MyD88 signaling pathway. Phytother Res. 2023;37(2):731\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ptr.7656. Epub 2022\/10\/06.","journal-title":"Phytother Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2725_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1702(96)01356-1","volume":"45","author":"G Gribaudo","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gribaudo G, Ravaglia S, Guandalini L, Cavallo R, Gariglio M, Landolfo S. The murine cytomegalovirus immediate-early 1 protein stimulates NF-kappa B activity by transactivating the NF-kappa B p105\/p50 promoter. Virus Res. 1996;45(1):15\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0168-1702(96)01356-1. Epub 1996\/11\/01.","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"2725_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5391","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.69.9.5391-5400.1995","volume":"69","author":"AD Yurochko","year":"1995","unstructured":"Yurochko AD, Kowalik TF, Huong SM, Huang ES. Human cytomegalovirus upregulates NF-kappa B activity by transactivating the NF-kappa B p105\/p50 and p65 promoters. J Virol. 1995;69(9):5391\u2013400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jvi.69.9.5391-5400.1995. Epub 1995\/09\/01.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2725_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2639","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.03171-12","volume":"87","author":"KJ Perez","year":"2013","unstructured":"Perez KJ, Mart\u00ednez FP, Cosme-Cruz R, Perez-Crespo NM, Tang Q. A short cis-acting motif in the M112-113 promoter region is essential for IE3 to activate M112-113 gene expression and is important for murine cytomegalovirus replication. J Virol. 2013;87(5):2639\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jvi.03171-12. Epub 2012\/12\/21.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"2725_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6156581","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/6156581","volume":"2019","author":"AY Fakhreddine","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fakhreddine AY, Frenette CT, Konijeti GG. A practical review of cytomegalovirus in gastroenterology and hepatology. Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2019;2019:6156581.: 10.1155\/2019\/6156581. PubMed PMID: 30984257; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6431500.","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Res Pract"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"2725_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.3934\/mbe.2017063","volume":"14","author":"C Jiang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jiang C, Wang K, Song L. Global dynamics of a delay virus model with recruitment and saturation effects of immune responses. Math Biosci Eng. 2017;14(5\u20136):1233\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3934\/mbe.2017063. Epub 2017\/11\/23.","journal-title":"Math Biosci Eng"},{"issue":"8","key":"2725_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1011940","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1011940","volume":"20","author":"CM Byrne","year":"2024","unstructured":"Byrne CM, M\u00e1rquez AC, Cai B, Coombs D, Gantt S. Spatial kinetics and immune control of murine cytomegalovirus infection in the salivary glands. PLoS Comput Biol. 2024;20(8):e1011940. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1011940. PubMed PMID: 39150988; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC11357091 research support from Moderna, Merck, GSK, Pfizer, and Altona Diagnostics. Epub 2024\/08\/16.","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2725_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2013.28.3.214","volume":"28","author":"KK Kim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kim KK, Jin SH, Lee BJ. Herpes virus entry mediator signaling in the brain is imperative in acute inflammation-induced anorexia and body weight loss. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul). 2013;28(3):214\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3803\/EnM.2013.28.3.214. Epub 2014\/01\/08.","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab (Seoul)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2725_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-00312-6","volume":"5","author":"H Yu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yu H, Lin L, Zhang Z, Zhang H, Hu H. Targeting NF-kappaB pathway for the therapy of diseases: mechanism and clinical study. Signal Transduct Target Therapy. 2020;5(1):209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41392-020-00312-6. PubMed PMID: 32958760; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7506548.","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Therapy"},{"issue":"5","key":"2725_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200510155","volume":"173","author":"JD Kearns","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kearns JD, Basak S, Werner SL, Huang CS, Hoffmann A. IkappaBepsilon provides negative feedback to control NF-kappaB oscillations, signaling dynamics, and inflammatory gene expression. J Cell Biol. 2006;173(5):659\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1083\/jcb.200510155. PubMed PMID: 16735576; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2063883.","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2725_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2241","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.7.2241","volume":"51","author":"G Romeo","year":"2002","unstructured":"Romeo G, Liu WH, Asnaghi V, Kern TS, Lorenzi M. Activation of nuclear factor-kappaB induced by diabetes and high glucose regulates a proapoptotic program in retinal pericytes. Diabetes. 2002;51(7):2241\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/diabetes.51.7.2241. PubMed PMID: 12086956.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2725_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Atreya I, Atreya R, Neurath MF. NF-kappaB in inflammatory bowel disease. Journal of internal medicine. 2008;263(6):591-6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2008.01953.x. PubMed PMID: 18479258.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2008.01953.x"},{"issue":"6","key":"2725_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3194","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.6.3194","volume":"171","author":"L Wang","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wang L, Walia B, Evans J, Gewirtz AT, Merlin D, Sitaraman SV. IL-6 induces NF-kappa B activation in the intestinal epithelia. J Immunol. 2003;171(6):3194\u2013201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.171.6.3194. PubMed PMID: 12960348.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2725_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1694","DOI":"10.1038\/s41385-018-0041-4","volume":"11","author":"EA Dennis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dennis EA, Smythies LE, Grabski R, Li M, Ballestas ME, Shimamura M, et al. Cytomegalovirus promotes intestinal macrophage-mediated mucosal inflammation through induction of Smad7. Mucosal Immunol. 2018;11(6):1694\u2013704. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41385-018-0041-4. PubMed PMID: 30076393; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7405939.","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2725_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5604","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1302608","volume":"193","author":"PD Smith","year":"2014","unstructured":"Smith PD, Shimamura M, Musgrove LC, Dennis EA, Bimczok D, Novak L, et al. Cytomegalovirus enhances macrophage TLR expression and MyD88-mediated signal transduction to potentiate inducible inflammatory responses. J Immunol. 2014;193(11):5604\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1302608. PubMed PMID: 25355920; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4239158.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2725_CR44","unstructured":"Hancock MH, Nelson JA. Modulation of the NFkappab signalling pathway by human cytomegalovirus. Virol (Hyderabad). 2017;1(1). PubMed PMID: 29082387; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5659363."},{"issue":"1","key":"2725_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1161\/01.res.81.1.8","volume":"81","author":"E Guetta","year":"1997","unstructured":"Guetta E, Guetta V, Shibutani T, Epstein SE. Monocytes harboring cytomegalovirus: interactions with endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and oxidized low-density lipoprotein. Possible mechanisms for activating virus delivered by monocytes to sites of vascular injury. Circ Res. 1997;81(1):8\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.res.81.1.8. Epub 1997\/07\/01.","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"19","key":"2725_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9899","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00640-06","volume":"80","author":"M Gustems","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gustems M, Borst E, Benedict CA, P\u00e9rez C, Messerle M, Ghazal P, et al. Regulation of the transcription and replication cycle of human cytomegalovirus is insensitive to genetic elimination of the cognate NF-kappaB binding sites in the enhancer. J Virol. 2006;80(19):9899\u2013904. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jvi.00640-06. Epub 2006\/09\/16.","journal-title":"J Virol"}],"container-title":["Virology Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12985-025-02725-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12985-025-02725-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12985-025-02725-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T02:20:17Z","timestamp":1744770017000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12985-025-02725-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2725"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12985-025-02725-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1743-422X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1743-422X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 April 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All the experimental protocols were approved by the Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee of the Zhejiang Acedemy of Traditional Chinese Medicine [no. (2021) 016].","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"101"}}