{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T13:42:17Z","timestamp":1792590137323,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748044800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Virol J"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-025-02789-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T03:09:40Z","timestamp":1748056180000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Sensory neuropathy and associated factors among patients living with human immuno-deficiency virus in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Worku Chekol","family":"Tassew","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashebir Mamay","family":"Gebiru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihret","family":"Getnet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berihun Agegn","family":"Mengistie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Desalegn Anmut","family":"Bitew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amare Belete","family":"Getahun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Desale Bihonegn","family":"Asmamaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikias Mered","family":"Tilahun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihret","family":"Melese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nebebe Demis","family":"Baykemagn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yimer","family":"Mamaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yosef Belay","family":"Bizuneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Habtu Kifle","family":"Negash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2789_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000000167","volume":"66","author":"SX Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang SX, Ho EL, Grill M, Lee E, Peterson J, Robertson K, et al. Peripheral neuropathy in primary HIV infection associates with systemic and central nervous system immune activation. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 2014;66(3):303\u201310.","journal-title":"JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes"},{"key":"2789_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365-013-0216-4","volume":"19","author":"H Chen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chen H, Clifford DB, Deng L, Wu K, Lee AJ, Bosch RJ, et al. Peripheral neuropathy in ART-experienced patients: prevalence and risk factors. J Neurovirol. 2013;19:557\u201364.","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"2789_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chai NC, McArthur JC. HIV and peripheral neuropathy. Chronic Pain and HIV: practical approach, A. 2016:51\u201362.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118777374.ch6"},{"issue":"1","key":"2789_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1529-8027.2001.006001021.x","volume":"6","author":"CA Pardo","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pardo CA, McArthur JC, Griffin JW. HIV neuropathy: insights in the pathology of HIV peripheral nerve disease. J Peripher Nerv Syst. 2001;6(1):21\u20137.","journal-title":"J Peripher Nerv Syst"},{"key":"2789_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365-012-0119-9","volume":"18","author":"SR Evans","year":"2012","unstructured":"Evans SR, Lee AJ, Ellis RJ, Chen H, Wu K, Bosch RJ, et al. HIV peripheral neuropathy progression: protection with glucose-lowering drugs? J Neurovirol. 2012;18:428\u201333.","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"issue":"24","key":"2789_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2305","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000314647.35825.9c","volume":"70","author":"DM Simpson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Simpson DM, Brown S, Tobias J. Controlled trial of high-concentration capsaicin patch for treatment of painful HIV neuropathy. Neurology. 2008;70(24):2305\u201313.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2789_CR7","unstructured":"HIV\/AIDS JUNPo. Global report: UNAIDS report on the global AIDS epidemic 2013. 2013."},{"issue":"1","key":"2789_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1097\/JNN.0b013e318275b1b2","volume":"45","author":"N Theroux","year":"2013","unstructured":"Theroux N, Phipps M, Zimmerman L, Relf MV. Neurological complications associated with HIV and AIDS: clinical implications for nursing. J Neurosci Nurs. 2013;45(1):5\u201313.","journal-title":"J Neurosci Nurs"},{"key":"2789_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-012-0257-z","volume":"16","author":"PR Kamerman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kamerman PR, Wadley AL, Cherry CL. HIV-associated sensory neuropathy: risk factors and genetics. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2012;16:226\u201336.","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"2789_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.09-0629","volume":"83","author":"SA Mehta","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mehta SA, Ahmed A, Kariuki BW, Said S, Omasete F, Mendillo M, et al. Implementation of a validated peripheral neuropathy screening tool in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in Mombasa, Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010;83(3):565.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"6","key":"2789_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1293.2007.00478.x","volume":"8","author":"K Smyth","year":"2007","unstructured":"Smyth K, Affandi JS, McArthur JC, Bowtell-Harris C, Mijch AM, Watson K, et al. Prevalence of and risk factors for HIV-associated neuropathy in Melbourne, Australia 1993\u20132006. HIV Med. 2007;8(6):367\u201373.","journal-title":"HIV Med"},{"issue":"30","key":"2789_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e11526","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000011526","volume":"97","author":"AH Mawuntu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mawuntu AH, Mahama CN, Khosama H, Estiasari R, Imran D. Early detection of peripheral neuropathy using stimulated skin wrinkling test in human immunodeficiency virus infected patients: A cross-sectional study. Medicine. 2018;97(30):e11526.","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"2789_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Evans SR, Ellis RJ, Chen H, Yeh T-m, Lee AJ, Schifitto G, et al. Peripheral neuropathy in HIV: prevalence and risk factors. Aids. 2011;25(7):919\u201328.","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e328345889d"},{"issue":"4","key":"2789_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.23795","volume":"48","author":"D Cettomai","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cettomai D, Kwasa JK, Birbeck GL, Price RW, Cohen CR, Bukusi EA, et al. Screening for HIV-associated peripheral neuropathy in resource-limited settings. Muscle Nerve. 2013;48(4):516\u201324.","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"11","key":"2789_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073811405203","volume":"26","author":"R Govender","year":"2011","unstructured":"Govender R, Eley B, Walker K, Petersen R, Wilmshurst JM. Neurologic and neurobehavioral sequelae in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection. J Child Neurol. 2011;26(11):1355\u201364.","journal-title":"J Child Neurol"},{"key":"2789_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sch\u00fctz SG, Robinson-Papp J. HIV-related neuropathy: current perspectives. HIV\/AIDS-Research and Palliative Care. 2013:243\u201351.","DOI":"10.2147\/HIV.S36674"},{"key":"2789_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shamseer L, Moher D, Clarke M, Ghersi D, Liberati A, Petticrew M, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015: elaboration and explanation. Bmj. 2015;349","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g7647"},{"issue":"3","key":"2789_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.09-0629","volume":"83","author":"SA Mehta","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mehta SA, Ahmed A, Kariuki BW, Said S, Omasete F, Mendillo M, et al. Implementation of a validated peripheral neuropathy screening tool in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in Mombasa. Kenya Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010;83(3):565\u201370.","journal-title":"Kenya Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2789_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.11.2.193","volume":"11","author":"TB Huedo-Medina","year":"2006","unstructured":"Huedo-Medina TB, S\u00e1nchez-Meca J, Mar\u00edn-Mart\u00ednez F, Botella J. Assessing heterogeneity in meta-analysis: Q statistic or I2 index? Psychol Methods. 2006;11(2):193.","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"},{"key":"2789_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Chandler J, Welch VA, Higgins JP, et al. Updated guidance for trusted systematic reviews: a new edition of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 2019;2019(10):ED000142.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.ED000142"},{"key":"2789_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"George BJ, Aban IB. An application of meta-analysis based on DerSimonian and Laird method. Springer; 2016. p. 690\u20132.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12350-015-0249-6"},{"key":"2789_CR22","unstructured":"Rendina-Gobioff G. Detecting publication bias in random effects meta-analysis: An empirical comparison of statistical methods. 2006."},{"key":"2789_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174480692210895","DOI":"10.1177\/17448069221089593","volume":"18","author":"GY Yitbarek","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yitbarek GY, Addis WD, Dagnaw FT, Ayehu GW, Melese BD, Amare TJ, et al. Magnitude of peripheral sensory neuropathy and associated factors among HIV\/AIDS clients receiving care at public health institutions, northwest Ethiopia. Mol Pain. 2022;18:17448069221089592.","journal-title":"Mol Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"2789_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0211354","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0211354","volume":"14","author":"KS Adem","year":"2019","unstructured":"Adem KS, Janakiraman B, Gebremeskel BF, Chala MB, Gelaw AY, Alemu K. Epidemiology and factors associated with peripheral neuropathy among HIV infected patients in Gondar, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. PLoS ONE. 2019;14(1):e0211354.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2789_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-1306","volume":"14","author":"DK Tumusiime","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tumusiime DK, Venter F, Musenge E, Stewart A. Prevalence of peripheral neuropathy and its associated demographic and health status characteristics, among people on antiretroviral therapy in Rwanda. BMC Public Health. 2014;14:1\u20138.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2789_CR26","unstructured":"Biraguma J, Rhoda A. Peripheral neuropathy and quality of life of adults living with HIV\/AIDS in the Rulindo district of Rwanda. SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV\/AIDS. 2012;9(2):88\u201394."},{"key":"2789_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-021-02335-0","volume":"21","author":"IA Amiji","year":"2021","unstructured":"Amiji IA, Naburi HE, Kija E, Mumburi LP. Peripheral neuropathy in HIV-infected children attending care and treatment clinic, at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam: a cross sectional study. BMC Neurol. 2021;21:1\u201310.","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2789_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2011.02825.x","volume":"16","author":"S Mullin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mullin S, Temu A, Kalluvya S, Grant A, Manji H. High prevalence of distal sensory polyneuropathy in antiretroviral-treated and untreated people with HIV in Tanzania. Tropical Med Int Health. 2011;16(10):1291\u20136.","journal-title":"Tropical Med Int Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"2789_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21535","volume":"41","author":"J Maritz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Maritz J, Benatar M, Dave JA, Harrison TB, Badri M, Levitt NS, et al. HIV neuropathy in South Africans: frequency, characteristics, and risk factors. Muscle & Nerve: Official Journal of the American Association of Electrodiagnostic Medicine. 2010;41(5):599\u2013606.","journal-title":"Muscle & Nerve: Official Journal of the American Association of Electrodiagnostic Medicine"},{"key":"2789_CR30","first-page":"1245","volume":"173","author":"RP Peters","year":"2014","unstructured":"Peters RP, Van Ramshorst MS, Struthers HE, McIntyre JA. Clinical assessment of peripheral neuropathy in HIV-infected children on antiretroviral therapy in rural South Africa. Eur J Pediatr. 2014;173:1245\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"2789_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365-019-00743-0","volume":"25","author":"P Puplampu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Puplampu P, Ganu V, Kenu E, Kudzi W, Adjei P, Grize L, et al. Peripheral neuropathy in patients with human immunodeficiency viral infection at a tertiary hospital in Ghana. J Neurovirol. 2019;25:464\u201374.","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2789_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.4102\/sajp.v76i1.1430","volume":"76","author":"JN Mukoma","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mukoma JN, Matheri JM, Tawa N. Prevalence and clinical characteristics associated with peripheral neuropathy amongst persons on HAART in Busia County, Kenya. The South African Journal of Physiotherapy. 2020;76(1):1430.","journal-title":"The South African Journal of Physiotherapy."},{"issue":"2","key":"2789_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1258\/td.2008.080213","volume":"39","author":"W Beadles","year":"2009","unstructured":"Beadles W, Jahn A, Weigel R, Clutterbuck D. Peripheral neuropathy in HIV-positive patients at an antiretroviral clinic in Lilongwe. Malawi Tropical doctor. 2009;39(2):78\u201380.","journal-title":"Malawi Tropical doctor"},{"key":"2789_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-6405-9-35","volume":"9","author":"HN Luma","year":"2012","unstructured":"Luma HN, Tchaleu BCN, Doualla MS, Temfack E, Sopouassi VNK, Mapoure YN, et al. HIV-associated sensory neuropathy in HIV-1 infected patients at the Douala General Hospital in Cameroon: a cross-sectional study. AIDS Res Ther. 2012;9:1\u20136.","journal-title":"AIDS Res Ther"},{"key":"2789_CR35","unstructured":"Tumusiime DK. Prevalence of Peripheral Neuropathy and Effects of Physiotherapeutic Exercises on Peripheral Neuropathy in People Living With Hiv on Antiretroviral Therapy in Rwanda: University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Health Sciences; 2014."},{"issue":"11","key":"2789_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000218303.48113.5d","volume":"66","author":"D Simpson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Simpson D, Kitch D, Evans S, McArthur J, Asmuth D, Cohen B, et al. HIV neuropathy natural history cohort study: assessment measures and risk factors. Neurology. 2006;66(11):1679\u201387.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2789_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-282X2004000200012","volume":"62","author":"C Zanetti","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zanetti C, Manzano GM, Gabbai AA. The frequency of peripheral neuropathy in a group of HIV positive patients in Brazil. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2004;62:253\u20136.","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"issue":"7","key":"2789_CR38","first-page":"MC04","volume":"8","author":"G Amruth","year":"2014","unstructured":"Amruth G, Praveen-Kumar S, Nataraju B, Nagaraja B. HIV associated sensory neuropathy. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research: JCDR. 2014;8(7):MC04.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research: JCDR."},{"issue":"5","key":"2789_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.121912","volume":"61","author":"TN Dubey","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dubey TN, Raghuvanshi SS, Sharma H, Saxena R. HIV neuropathy in pre-HAART patients and it\u2019s correlation with risk factors in Central India. Neurol India. 2013;61(5):478\u201380.","journal-title":"Neurol India"},{"issue":"4","key":"2789_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e318186eb03","volume":"49","author":"P Sithinamsuwan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sithinamsuwan P, Punthanamongkol S, Valcour V, Onsanit S, Nidhinandana S, Thitivichianlert S, et al. Frequency and characteristics of HIV-associated sensory neuropathy among HIV patients in Bangkok, Thailand. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 2008;49(4):456\u20138.","journal-title":"JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes"},{"issue":"3","key":"2789_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.4068\/cmj.2009.45.3.161","volume":"45","author":"H-Y Hwang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hwang H-Y, Chang H-H, Kim S-W, Ryu SY, Kim H-I, Park G-Y, et al. Prevalence and Risk Factors for HIV-associated Peripheral Sensory Neuropathy in HIV-infected Adults in Daegu. Korea Chonnam Medical Journal. 2009;45(3):161\u20137.","journal-title":"Korea Chonnam Medical Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"2789_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1310\/hct0906-434","volume":"9","author":"SR Evans","year":"2008","unstructured":"Evans SR, Clifford DB, Kitch DW, Goodkin K, Schifitto G, McArthur JC, et al. Simplification of the research diagnosis of HIV-associated sensory neuropathy. HIV Clin Trials. 2008;9(6):434\u20139.","journal-title":"HIV Clin Trials"},{"issue":"3","key":"2789_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607-","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.3.607","volume":"52","author":"E Childs","year":"1999","unstructured":"Childs E, Lyles R, Selnes O, Chen B, Miller E, Cohen B, et al. Plasma viral load and CD4 lymphocytes predict HIV-associated dementia and sensory neuropathy. Neurology. 1999;52(3):607-.","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"issue":"1","key":"2789_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8027.2012.00373.x","volume":"17","author":"PR Kamerman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kamerman PR, Moss PJ, Weber J, Wallace VC, Rice AS, Huang W. Pathogenesis of HIV-associated sensory neuropathy: evidence from in vivo and in vitro experimental models. J Peripher Nerv Syst. 2012;17(1):19\u201331.","journal-title":"J Peripher Nerv Syst"},{"issue":"8","key":"2789_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000120622.91018.EA","volume":"62","author":"M Watters","year":"2004","unstructured":"Watters M, Poff P, Shiramizu B, Holck P, Fast K, Shikuma C, et al. Symptomatic distal sensory polyneuropathy in HIV after age 50. Neurology. 2004;62(8):1378\u201383.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2789_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1086\/426076","volume":"40","author":"KA Lichtenstein","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lichtenstein KA, Armon C, Baron A, Moorman AC, Wood KC, Holmberg SD, et al. Modification of the incidence of drug-associated symmetrical peripheral neuropathy by host and disease factors in the HIV outpatient study cohort. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;40(1):148\u201357.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Virology Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12985-025-02789-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12985-025-02789-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12985-025-02789-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T03:09:51Z","timestamp":1748056191000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12985-025-02789-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2789"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12985-025-02789-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1743-422X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1743-422X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 March 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable since the studies used were systematic reviews and meta-analyses.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"161"}}