{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T16:50:58Z","timestamp":1792601458612,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,12]],"date-time":"2014-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1407801600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Global Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12992-014-0061-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,11]],"date-time":"2014-08-11T09:37:36Z","timestamp":1407749856000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Globalization of leptospirosis through travel and migration"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Medhani","family":"Bandara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahesha","family":"Ananda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kolitha","family":"Wickramage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suneth","family":"Agampodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"61_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(03)00830-2","volume":"3","author":"AR Bharti","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bharti AR, Nally JE, Ricaldi JN, Matthias MA, Diaz MM, Lovett MA, Levett PN, Gilman RH, Willig MR, Gotuzzo E, Vinetz JM: Leptospirosis: a zoonotic disease of global importance. Lancet Infect Dis. 2003, 3: 757-771.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"61_CR2","first-page":"218","volume":"107","author":"MV Murhekar","year":"1998","unstructured":"Murhekar MV, Sugunan AP, Vijayachari P, Sharma S, Sehgal SC: Risk factors in the transmission of leptospiral infection. Indian J Med Res. 1998, 107: 218-223.","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"61_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2010.06.012","volume":"36","author":"B Abela-Ridder","year":"2010","unstructured":"Abela-Ridder B, Sikkema R, Hartskeerl RA: Estimating the burden of human leptospirosis. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2010, 36 (Suppl 1): S5-7.","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"61_CR4","volume-title":"Prince Mahidol Award Conference 2013","author":"B Abela-Ridder","year":"2013","unstructured":"Abela-Ridder B, Bertherat E, Durski K: Global burden of Human Leptospirosis and cross-sectoral interventions for its prevention and control. Prince Mahidol Award Conference 2013. 2013, Prince Mahidol Award Conference, Bangkok, Thailand"},{"key":"61_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2007.09.011","volume":"12","author":"G Pappas","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pappas G, Papadimitriou P, Siozopoulou V, Christou L, Akritidis N: The globalization of leptospirosis: worldwide incidence trends. Int J Infect Dis. 2008, 12: 351-357.","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"61_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2009.04220.x","volume":"107","author":"AM Monahan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Monahan AM, Miller IS, Nally JE: Leptospirosis: risks during recreational activities. J Appl Microbiol. 2009, 107: 707-716.","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"61_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-006-0035-3","volume":"8","author":"JN Ricaldi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ricaldi JN, Vinetz JM: Leptospirosis in the tropics and in travelers. Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2006, 8: 51-58.","journal-title":"Curr Infect Dis Rep"},{"key":"61_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e579","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000579","volume":"4","author":"S Sethi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sethi S, Sharma N, Kakkar N, Taneja J, Chatterjee SS, Banga SS, Sharma M: Increasing trends of leptospirosis in northern India: a clinico-epidemiological study. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2010, 4: e579.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"61_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2013.09.012","volume":"78","author":"M Picardeau","year":"2014","unstructured":"Picardeau M, Bertherat E, Jancloes M, Skouloudis AN, Durski K, Hartskeerl RA: Rapid tests for diagnosis of leptospirosis: current tools and emerging technologies. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2014, 78: 1-8.","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"61_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e228","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000228","volume":"2","author":"RB Reis","year":"2008","unstructured":"Reis RB, Ribeiro GS, Felzemburgh RD, Santana FS, Mohr S, Melendez AX, Queiroz A, Santos AC, Ravines RR, Tassinari WS, Carvalho MS, Reis MG, Ko AI: Impact of environment and social gradient on leptospira infection in urban slums. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2008, 2: e228.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"61_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmh100","volume":"51","author":"S Karande","year":"2005","unstructured":"Karande S, Gandhi D, Kulkarni M, Bharadwaj R, Pol S, Thakare J, De A: Concurrent outbreak of leptospirosis and dengue in Mumbai, India, 2002. J Trop Pediatr. 2005, 51: 174-181.","journal-title":"J Trop Pediatr"},{"key":"61_CR12","first-page":"249","volume":"51","author":"IR Kaur","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kaur IR, Sachdeva R, Arora V, Talwar V: Preliminary survey of leptospirosis amongst febrile patients from urban slums of East Delhi. J Assoc Physicians India. 2003, 51: 249-251.","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"},{"key":"61_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822001000400004","volume":"34","author":"CM de Figueiredo","year":"2001","unstructured":"de Figueiredo CM, Mourao AC, de Oliveira MA, Alves WR, Ooteman MC, Chamone CB, Koury MC: Human leptospirosis in Belo Horizonte City, Minas Gerais, Brazil: a geographic approach. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2001, 34: 331-338.","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"key":"61_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e308","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0030308","volume":"3","author":"CA Ganoza","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ganoza CA, Matthias MA, Collins-Richards D, Brouwer KC, Cunningham CB, Segura ER, Gilman RH, Gotuzzo E, Vinetz JM: Determining risk for severe leptospirosis by molecular analysis of environmental surface waters for pathogenic Leptospira. PLoS Med. 2006, 3: e308.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"61_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1006.030660","volume":"10","author":"MA Johnson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Johnson MA, Smith H, Joeph P, Gilman RH, Bautista CT, Campos KJ, Cespedes M, Klatsky P, Vidal C, Terry H, Calderon MM, Coral C, Cabrera L, Parmar PS, Vinetz JM: Environmental exposure and leptospirosis, Peru. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004, 10: 1016-1022.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"61_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.11-0349","volume":"86","author":"S Ivanova","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ivanova S, Herbreteau V, Blasdell K, Chaval Y, Buchy P, Guillard B, Morand S: Leptospira and rodents in Cambodia: environmental determinants of infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012, 86: 1032-1038.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"61_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.65.157","volume":"65","author":"CD Gamage","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gamage CD, Amarasekera J, Palihawadana P, Samaraweera S, Mendis D, Janakan N, Lee RB, Obayashi Y, Tamashiro H: Analysis of hospital-based sentinel surveillance data on leptospirosis in Sri Lanka, 2005\u20132008. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2012, 65: 157-161.","journal-title":"Jpn J Infect Dis"},{"key":"61_CR18","first-page":"197","volume":"19","author":"LP Padre","year":"1988","unstructured":"Padre LP, Watt G, Tuazon ML, Gray MR, Laughlin LW: A serologic survey of rice-field leptospirosis in Central Luzon, Philippines. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1988, 19: 197-199.","journal-title":"Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health"},{"key":"61_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(85)90246-9","volume":"79","author":"CO Everard","year":"1985","unstructured":"Everard CO, Hayes RJ, Fraser-Chanpong GM: A serosurvey for leptospirosis in Trinidad among urban and rural dwellers and persons occupationally at risk. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1985, 79: 96-105.","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"61_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.11-0276","volume":"85","author":"SB Agampodi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Agampodi SB, Peacock SJ, Thevanesam V, Nugegoda DB, Smythe L, Thaipadungpanit J, Craig SB, Burns MA, Dohnt M, Boonsilp S, Senaratne T, Kumara A, Palihawadana P, Perera S, Vinetz JM: Leptospirosis outbreak in Sri Lanka in 2008: lessons for assessing the global burden of disease. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011, 85: 471-478.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"61_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86821999000100003","volume":"32","author":"M Suarez Hernandez","year":"1999","unstructured":"Suarez Hernandez M, Martinez Sanchez R, Posada Fernandez PE, Vidal Garcia I, Bravo Fleites F, Sanchez Sibello A: Human leptospirosis outbreak in the district of Ciego de Avila, Cuba. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 1999, 32: 13-18.","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"key":"61_CR22","first-page":"744","volume":"76","author":"HH Mollaret","year":"1983","unstructured":"Mollaret HH, Mailloux M, Debarbat F: Leptospirosis on the Island of Reunion. III. Epidemiologic study. Bull Soc Pathol Exot Filiales. 1983, 76: 744-749.","journal-title":"Bull Soc Pathol Exot Filiales"},{"key":"61_CR23","first-page":"33","volume":"28","author":"O Ginebra Gonzalez","year":"1976","unstructured":"Ginebra Gonzalez O: Leptospirosis. Serological study of an epidemic outbrake in the province of Camaguey. Rev Cubana Med Trop. 1976, 28: 33-38.","journal-title":"Rev Cubana Med Trop"},{"key":"61_CR24","first-page":"817414","volume":"2011","author":"V Bourquin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bourquin V, Ponte B, Hirschel B, Pugin J, Martin PY, Saudan P: Severe leptospirosis with multiple organ failure successfully treated by plasma exchange and high-volume hemofiltration. Case Rep Nephrol. 2011, 2011: 817414.","journal-title":"Case Rep Nephrol"},{"key":"61_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rce.2012.07.007","volume":"212","author":"JM Herrero-Martinez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Herrero-Martinez JM, Fernandez-Ruiz M, Neil Hermenegildo Y, Gil H: [Leptospirosis in a sewer worker in Madrid: the role of molecular diagnosis]. Rev Clin Esp. 2012, 212: 554-555.","journal-title":"Rev Clin Esp"},{"key":"61_CR26","first-page":"13","volume":"127","author":"M McLean","year":"2014","unstructured":"McLean M, Ruscoe Q, Kline T, King C, Nesdale A: A cluster of three cases of leptospirosis in dairy farm workers in New Zealand. N Z Med J. 2014, 127: 13-20.","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"61_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1111\/ajr.12054","volume":"21","author":"A Molineri","year":"2013","unstructured":"Molineri A, Signorini ML, Perez L, Tarabla HD: Zoonoses in rural veterinarians in the central region of Argentina. Aust J Rural Health. 2013, 21: 285-290.","journal-title":"Aust J Rural Health"},{"key":"61_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1824","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph110201824","volume":"11","author":"E Bertherat","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bertherat E, Mueller MJ, Shako JC, Picardeau M: Discovery of a leptospirosis cluster amidst a pneumonic plague outbreak in a miners\u2019 camp in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014, 11: 1824-1833.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"61_CR29","series-title":"a cross-sectional survey","volume-title":"High prevalence of antibodies against Leptospira spp. in male Austrian adults","author":"W Poeppl","year":"2009","unstructured":"Poeppl W, Orola MJ, Herkner H, Muller M, Tobudic S, Faas A, Mooseder G, Allerberger F, Burgmann H: High prevalence of antibodies against Leptospira spp. in male Austrian adults: a cross-sectional survey, April to June 2009.Euro Surveill 2013, 18:."},{"key":"61_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2012.10.007","volume":"17","author":"O Lupi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lupi O, Netto MA, Avelar K, Romero C, Bruniera R, Brasil P: Cluster of leptospirosis cases among military personnel in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Int J Infect Dis. 2013, 17: e129-131.","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"61_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1136\/jramc-2013-000118","volume":"159","author":"DS Burns","year":"2013","unstructured":"Burns DS, Bailey MS: Undifferentiated febrile illnesses in military personnel. J R Army Med Corps. 2013, 159: 200-205.","journal-title":"J R Army Med Corps"},{"key":"61_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.74.127","volume":"74","author":"E Hadad","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hadad E, Pirogovsky A, Bartal C, Gilad J, Barnea A, Yitzhaki S, Grotto I, Balicer RD, Schwartz E: An outbreak of leptospirosis among Israeli troops near the Jordan River. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2006, 74: 127-131.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"61_CR33","unstructured":"Leptospirosis outbreak in Eco Challenge 2000 participants.Commun Dis Rep CDR Wkly 2000, 10:341."},{"key":"61_CR34","first-page":"239","volume":"20","author":"B Wasinski","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wasinski B, Dutkiewicz J: Leptospirosis\u2013current risk factors connected with human activity and the environment. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2013, 20: 239-244.","journal-title":"Ann Agric Environ Med"},{"key":"61_CR35","unstructured":"Report of the second meeting of leptospirosis burden epidemiology reference group. Book Report of the second meeting of leptospirosis burden epidemiology reference group. 2011, 1-34. World Health Organization, City"},{"key":"61_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1903.111260","volume":"19","author":"MG Goris","year":"2013","unstructured":"Goris MG, Boer KR, Duarte TA, Kliffen SJ, Hartskeerl RA: Human leptospirosis trends, the Netherlands, 1925\u20132008. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013, 19: 371-378.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"61_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/19.1.132","volume":"19","author":"R van Crevel","year":"1994","unstructured":"van Crevel R, Speelman P, Gravekamp C, Terpstra WJ: Leptospirosis in travelers. Clin Infect Dis. 1994, 19: 132-134.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"61_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.09-0239","volume":"82","author":"E Leshem","year":"2010","unstructured":"Leshem E, Segal G, Barnea A, Yitzhaki S, Ostfeld I, Pitlik S, Schwartz E: Travel-related leptospirosis in Israel: a nationwide study. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010, 82: 459-463.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"61_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.10-0040","volume":"83","author":"B Hoffmeister","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hoffmeister B, Peyerl-Hoffmann G, Pischke S, Zollner-Schwetz I, Krause R, Muller MC, Graf A, Kluge S, Burchard GD, Kern WV, Suttorp N, Cramer JP: Differences in clinical manifestations of imported versus autochthonous leptospirosis in Austria and Germany. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010, 83: 326-335.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"61_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1107.041172","volume":"11","author":"A Jansen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jansen A, Schoneberg I, Frank C, Alpers K, Schneider T, Stark K: Leptospirosis in Germany, 1962\u20132003. Emerg Infect Dis. 2005, 11: 1048-1054.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"61_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2005.73.652","volume":"73","author":"M Narita","year":"2005","unstructured":"Narita M, Fujitani S, Haake DA, Paterson DL: Leptospirosis after recreational exposure to water in the Yaeyama islands, Japan. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2005, 73: 652-656.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"61_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2008.07.001","volume":"6","author":"K Taniguchi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Taniguchi K, Yoshida M, Sunagawa T, Tada Y, Okabe N: Imported infectious diseases and surveillance in Japan. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2008, 6: 349-354.","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"61_CR43","first-page":"159","volume":"34","author":"B Ariyapruchya","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ariyapruchya B, Sungkanuparph S, Dumrongkitchaiporn S: Clinical presentation and medical complication in 59 cases of laboratory-confirmed leptospirosis in Bangkok. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2003, 34: 159-164.","journal-title":"Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health"},{"key":"61_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1086\/324084","volume":"33","author":"AR Katz","year":"2001","unstructured":"Katz AR, Ansdell VE, Effler PV, Middleton CR, Sasaki DM: Assessment of the clinical presentation and treatment of 353 cases of laboratory-confirmed leptospirosis in Hawaii, 1974\u20131998. Clin Infect Dis. 2001, 33: 1834-1841.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"61_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.12-0551","volume":"88","author":"M Jensenius","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jensenius M, Han PV, Schlagenhauf P, Schwartz E, Parola P, Castelli F, von Sonnenburg F, Loutan L, Leder K, Freedman DO: Acute and potentially life-threatening tropical diseases in western travelers\u2013a GeoSentinel multicenter study, 1996\u20132011. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013, 88: 397-404.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"61_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1805","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1511.091157","volume":"15","author":"HH Askling","year":"2009","unstructured":"Askling HH, Lesko B, Vene S, Berndtson A, Bjorkman P, Blackberg J, Bronner U, Follin P, Hellgren U, Palmerus M, Ekdahl K, Tegnell A, Struwe J: Serologic analysis of returned travelers with fever, Sweden. Emerg Infect Dis. 2009, 15: 1805-1808.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"61_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.2310\/7060.2003.35728","volume":"10","author":"JM Goldsmid","year":"2003","unstructured":"Goldsmid JM, Bettiol SS, Sharples N: A preliminary study on travel health issues of medical students undertaking electives. J Travel Med. 2003, 10: 160-163.","journal-title":"J Travel Med"},{"key":"61_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8305.2011.00532.x","volume":"18","author":"HM Siikamaki","year":"2011","unstructured":"Siikamaki HM, Kivela PS, Sipila PN, Kettunen A, Kainulainen MK, Ollgren JP, Kantele A: Fever in travelers returning from malaria-endemic areas: don\u2019t look for malaria only. J Travel Med. 2011, 18: 239-244.","journal-title":"J Travel Med"},{"key":"61_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir468","volume":"53","author":"J Flores-Figueroa","year":"2011","unstructured":"Flores-Figueroa J, Okhuysen PC, von Sonnenburg F, DuPont HL, Libman MD, Keystone JS, Hale DC, Burchard G, Han PV, Wilder-Smith A, Freedman DO: Patterns of illness in travelers visiting Mexico and Central America: the GeoSentinel experience. Clin Infect Dis. 2011, 53: 523-531.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"61_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-10-330","volume":"10","author":"V Field","year":"2010","unstructured":"Field V, Gautret P, Schlagenhauf P, Burchard GD, Caumes E, Jensenius M, Castelli F, Gkrania-Klotsas E, Weld L, Lopez-Velez R, de Vries P, von Sonnenburg F, Loutan L, Parola P: Travel and migration associated infectious diseases morbidity in Europe, 2008. BMC Infect Dis. 2010, 10: 330.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"61_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2375","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1712.110700","volume":"17","author":"CA Duplessis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Duplessis CA, Sklar MJ, Maves RC, Spichler A, Hale B, Johnson M, Bavaro M, Vinetz JM: Hemoptysis associated with leptospirosis acquired in Hawaii, USA. Emerg Infect Dis. 2011, 17: 2375-2377.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"61_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340051252","volume":"26","author":"DB Coursin","year":"2000","unstructured":"Coursin DB, Updike SJ, Maki DG: Massive rhabdomyolysis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome caused by leptospirosis. Intensive Care Med. 2000, 26: 808-812.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"61_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.2310\/7060.2003.30683","volume":"10","author":"MP Grobusch","year":"2003","unstructured":"Grobusch MP, Bollmann R, Schonberg A, Slevogt H, Garcia V, Teichmann D, Jelinek T, Flick H, Bergmann F, Rosseau S, Temmesfeld-Wollbr\u00fcck B, Suttorp N: Leptospirosis in travelers returning from the Dominican Republic. J Travel Med. 2003, 10: 55-58.","journal-title":"J Travel Med"},{"key":"61_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1251916","volume":"135","author":"B Walter","year":"2010","unstructured":"Walter B, Wein B, Bittinger M, Messmann H: [Leptospirosis (Weil\u2019s disease) in Augsburg]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2010, 135: 675-678.","journal-title":"Dtsch Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"61_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1372, 1374","DOI":"10.1007\/s00108-008-2144-6","volume":"49","author":"M Seilmaier","year":"2008","unstructured":"Seilmaier M, Guggemos W: [Severe febrile illness with renal impairment after travel to Southeast Asia]. Internist (Berl). 2008, 49: 1372, 1374-1376, 1378.","journal-title":"Internist (Berl)"},{"key":"61_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-947788","volume":"131","author":"F Steffens","year":"2006","unstructured":"Steffens F, Landwehrs A, Goke MN: [Leptospirosis after a stay in Thailand]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2006, 131: 1521-1524.","journal-title":"Dtsch Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"61_CR57","first-page":"1487","volume":"130","author":"E Bernasconi","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bernasconi E, Gayer R, Busolini E, Mombelli G: [Endemic and imported severe leptospirosis (Weil\u2019s disease) in southern Switzerland]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 2000, 130: 1487-1492.","journal-title":"Schweiz Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"61_CR58","first-page":"123","volume":"40","author":"AD Green","year":"1990","unstructured":"Green AD, Busuttil W: Exotic disease in a traveller? A case of leptospirosis. Br J Gen Pract. 1990, 40: 123-124.","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"key":"61_CR59","first-page":"137","volume":"20","author":"D Teichmann","year":"2001","unstructured":"Teichmann D, Gobels K, Simon J, Grobusch MP, Suttorp N: A severe case of leptospirosis acquired during an iron man contest. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2001, 20: 137-138.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"61_CR60","volume-title":"Severe leptospirosis in a Dutch traveller returning from the Dominican Republi","author":"A Arcilla","year":"2011","unstructured":"Arcilla M, Wismans PJ, van Beek-Nieuwland Y, van Genderen PJ: Severe leptospirosis in a Dutch traveller returning from the Dominican Republic, October 2011.Euro Surveill 2012, 17"},{"key":"61_CR61","first-page":"215","volume":"70","author":"HJ Helmerhorst","year":"2012","unstructured":"Helmerhorst HJ, van Tol EN, Tuinman PR, de Vries PJ, Hartskeerl RA, Grobusch MP, Hovius JW: Severe pulmonary manifestation of leptospirosis. Neth J Med. 2012, 70: 215-221.","journal-title":"Neth J Med"},{"key":"61_CR62","first-page":"184","volume":"145","author":"PA Kager","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kager PA, van Gorp EC, van Thiel PP: Fever and chills due to leptospirosis after travel to Thailand. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2001, 145: 184-186.","journal-title":"Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd"},{"key":"61_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.2310\/7060.2004.19208","volume":"11","author":"JF Wagenaar","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wagenaar JF, de Vries PJ, Hartskeerl RA: Leptospirosis with pulmonary hemorrhage, caused by a new strain of serovar Lai: Langkawi. J Travel Med. 2004, 11: 379-381.","journal-title":"J Travel Med"},{"key":"61_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540410020299","volume":"36","author":"F Maldonado","year":"2004","unstructured":"Maldonado F, Portier H, Kisterman JP: Bilateral facial palsy in a case of leptospirosis. Scand J Infect Dis. 2004, 36: 386-388.","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"61_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0808.010445","volume":"8","author":"JP Arzouni","year":"2002","unstructured":"Arzouni JP, Parola P, La Scola B, Postic D, Brouqui P, Raoult D: Human infection caused by Leptospira fainei. Emerg Infect Dis. 2002, 8: 865-868.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"61_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2005.01148.x","volume":"11","author":"S Jaureguiberry","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jaureguiberry S, Roussel M, Brinchault-Rabin G, Gacouin A, Le Meur A, Arvieux C, Michelet C, Tattevin P: Clinical presentation of leptospirosis: a retrospective study of 34 patients admitted to a single institution in metropolitan France. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2005, 11: 391-394.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"61_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)64865-9","volume":"349","author":"JJ Monsuez","year":"1997","unstructured":"Monsuez JJ, Kidouche R, Le Gueno B, Postic D: Leptospirosis presenting as haemorrhagic fever in visitor to Africa. Lancet. 1997, 349: 254-255.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"61_CR68","first-page":"217","volume":"89","author":"JL Perret","year":"1996","unstructured":"Perret JL, Velasque L, Morillon M, Martet G: [Leptospirosis: a cause of pseudo-malarial fever in Gabon]. Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 1996, 89: 217-219.","journal-title":"Bull Soc Pathol Exot"},{"key":"61_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8305.2011.00573.x","volume":"19","author":"F Simon","year":"2012","unstructured":"Simon F, Morand G, Roche C, Coton T, Kraemer P, Fournier PE, Gautret P: Leptospirosis in a French traveler returning from Mauritius. J Travel Med. 2012, 19: 69-71.","journal-title":"J Travel Med"},{"key":"61_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1997.tb126675.x","volume":"167","author":"LG Heron","year":"1997","unstructured":"Heron LG, Reiss-Levy EA, Jacques TC, Dickeson DJ, Smythe LD, Sorrell TC: Leptospirosis presenting as a haemorrhagic fever in a traveller from Africa. Med J Aust. 1997, 167: 477-479.","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"61_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1754.2002.00072.x","volume":"38","author":"AC Gill","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gill AC, Allen H, Campbell D: Fever in a teenage traveller. J Paediatr Child Health. 2002, 38: 610-611.","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health"},{"key":"61_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.1997.tb01011.x","volume":"27","author":"TM Korman","year":"1997","unstructured":"Korman TM, Globan MS, Smythe LD, Street AC: Leptospirosis in a returned traveller: isolation of a new Leptospira serovar. Aust N Z J Med. 1997, 27: 716-717.","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Med"},{"key":"61_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.2310\/7060.2002.23165","volume":"9","author":"SS Gelman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gelman SS, Gundlapalli AV, Hale D, Croft A, Hindiyeh M, Carroll KC: Spotting the spirochete: rapid diagnosis of leptospirosis in two returned travelers. J Travel Med. 2002, 9: 165-167.","journal-title":"J Travel Med"},{"key":"61_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1580\/1080-6032(2005)16[129:LIACRF]2.0.CO;2","volume":"16","author":"RB Mortimer","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mortimer RB: Leptospirosis in a caver returned from Sarawak, Malaysia. Wilderness Environ Med. 2005, 16: 129-131.","journal-title":"Wilderness Environ Med"},{"key":"61_CR75","first-page":"210","volume":"78","author":"FJ Pashkow","year":"1981","unstructured":"Pashkow FJ, Calisher CH, Reller LB, Sulzer CR: Leptospirosis in a traveler from Honduras. Colo Med. 1981, 78: 210-212.","journal-title":"Colo Med"},{"key":"61_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e40","DOI":"10.1086\/339942","volume":"34","author":"DA Haake","year":"2002","unstructured":"Haake DA, Dundoo M, Cader R, Kubak BM, Hartskeerl RA, Sejvar JJ, Ashford DA: Leptospirosis, water sports, and chemoprophylaxis. Clin Infect Dis. 2002, 34: e40-43.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"61_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2004.03.006","volume":"2","author":"A Paz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Paz A, Krimerman S, Potasman I: Leptospirosis masquerading as infectious enteritis. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2004, 2: 89-91.","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"61_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E423","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.092203","volume":"183","author":"V Leung","year":"2011","unstructured":"Leung V, Luong ML, Libman M: Leptospirosis: pulmonary hemorrhage in a returned traveller. CMAJ. 2011, 183: E423-427.","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"61_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.4045\/tidsskr.10.1223","volume":"132","author":"M Myrstad","year":"2012","unstructured":"Myrstad M, Tazmini K, Spaeren KH, Bucher A: A fit man with fever and pain in both thighs. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2012, 132: 668-670.","journal-title":"Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen"},{"key":"61_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8305.2012.00669.x","volume":"20","author":"F Lagi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lagi F, Corti G, Meli M, Pinto A, Bartoloni A: Leptospirosis acquired by tourists in Venice, Italy. J Travel Med. 2013, 20: 128-130.","journal-title":"J Travel Med"},{"key":"61_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.11150\/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.79.294","volume":"79","author":"M Sakamoto","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sakamoto M, Kato T, Sato F, Yoshikawa K, Yoshida M, Shiba K, Onodera S, Hoshina S, Koizumi N, Watanabe H: [A case of leptospirosis caused by Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar sejroe infected in Bali Island, Indonesia]. Kansenshogaku Zasshi. 2005, 79: 294-298.","journal-title":"Kansenshogaku Zasshi"},{"key":"61_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.5414\/CNP66468","volume":"66","author":"G Guron","year":"2006","unstructured":"Guron G, Holmdahl J, Dotevall L: Acute renal failure after a holiday in the tropics. Clin Nephrol. 2006, 66: 468-471.","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"61_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268813001465","volume":"142","author":"SB Agampodi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Agampodi SB, Karunarathna D, Jayathilala N, Rathnayaka H, Agampodi TC, Karunanayaka L: Outbreak of leptospirosis after white-water rafting: sign of a shift from rural to recreational leptospirosis in Sri Lanka?. Epidemiol Infect. 2014, 142: 843-846.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"61_CR84","first-page":"CD007342","volume":"3","author":"DM Brett-Major","year":"2009","unstructured":"Brett-Major DM, Lipnick RJ: Antibiotic prophylaxis for leptospirosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009, 3: CD007342.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"}],"container-title":["Globalization and Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12992-014-0061-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12992-014-0061-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12992-014-0061-0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12992-014-0061-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]],"date-time":"2022-04-14T03:53:40Z","timestamp":1649908420000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/globalizationandhealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12992-014-0061-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,12]]},"references-count":84,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]}},"alternative-id":["61"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12992-014-0061-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1744-8603"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1744-8603","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 May 2014","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 July 2014","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 August 2014","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"61"}}