{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T05:41:08Z","timestamp":1794030068207,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748044800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFC3304204; 2019HY320001; 2023YFC3304200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3304204; 2019HY320001; 2023YFC3304200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82130041; 82171484; 81871045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82130041; 82171484; 81871045"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Medical-Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Foundation of Shanghai Jiao Tong University \u201cJiao Tong Star\u201d Program","award":["YG2023ZD25"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YG2023ZD25"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0220qvk04","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Global Health"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12992-025-01124-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T10:57:22Z","timestamp":1748084242000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Trends and cross-country inequalities of alcohol use disorders: findings from the global burden of disease study 2021"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3076-5648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhaoyang","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1131-4489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gangliang","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7517-9568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianzhen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheyi","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yicheng","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3644-4581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiang","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"1124_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rehm J, Imtiaz S. A narrative review of alcohol consumption as a risk factor for global burden of disease. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2016;11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13011-016-0081-2.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13011-016-0081-2"},{"issue":"3","key":"1124_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.18095","volume":"60","author":"P Danpanichkul","year":"2024","unstructured":"Danpanichkul P, et al. Socio-economic association of alcohol use disorder and cardiovascular and alcohol-associated liver disease from 2010 to 2019. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2024;60(3):340\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apt.18095.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"1124_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-022-00688-6","volume":"20","author":"DQ Huang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Huang DQ, et al. Global epidemiology of alcohol-associated cirrhosis and HCC: trends, projections and risk factors. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023;20(1):37\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41575-022-00688-6.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1124_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13757","volume":"112","author":"J Rehm","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rehm J, et al. The relationship between different dimensions of alcohol use and the burden of disease-an update. Addiction. 2017;112(6):968\u20131001. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/add.13757.","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"10347","key":"1124_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(22)00847-9","volume":"400","author":"GA Collaborators","year":"2022","unstructured":"Collaborators GA. Population-level risks of alcohol consumption by amount, geography, age, sex, and year: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2020. Lancet. 2022;400(10347):185\u2013235. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(22)00847-9.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"1124_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-019-1220-4","volume":"9","author":"SE Brennan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Brennan SE, et al. Long-term effects of alcohol consumption on cognitive function: a systematic review and dose-response analysis of evidence published between 2007 and 2018. Syst Rev. 2020;9(1):33. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13643-019-1220-4.","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"issue":"12","key":"1124_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2182","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14404","volume":"113","author":"C Gunn","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gunn C, et al. A systematic review of the next-day effects of heavy alcohol consumption on cognitive performance. Addiction. 2018;113(12):2182\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/add.14404.","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"12","key":"1124_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1016\/s2215-0366(18)30337-7","volume":"5","author":"GAaDU Collaborators","year":"2018","unstructured":"Collaborators GAaDU. The global burden of disease attributable to alcohol and drug use in 195 countries and territories, 1990\u20132016: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2016. Lancet Psychiatry. 2018;5(12):987\u20131012. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s2215-0366(18)30337-7.","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"1124_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bakke \u00d8, Endal D. Vested interests in addiction research and policy alcohol policies out of context: drinks industry supplanting government role in alcohol policies in sub-Saharan Africa. Addiction. 2010;105(1)22\u2013 8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2009.02695.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2009.02695.x"},{"key":"1124_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2023.104115","volume":"119","author":"P O\u2019Brien","year":"2023","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien P, et al. Influencing the global governance of alcohol: alcohol industry views in submissions to the WHO consultation for the alcohol action plan 2022\u20132030. Int J Drug Policy. 2023;119:104115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugpo.2023.104115.","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"issue":"2","key":"1124_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2016.10.004","volume":"130","author":"L Leggio","year":"2017","unstructured":"Leggio L, Lee MR. Treatment of alcohol use disorder in patients with alcoholic liver disease. Am J Med. 2017;130(2):124\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjmed.2016.10.004.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"1124_CR12","volume-title":"Global status report on alcohol and health 2018","author":"WHO","year":"2018","unstructured":"WHO. Global status report on alcohol and health 2018. Editor: WHO; 2018."},{"issue":"10383","key":"1124_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(23)00013-2","volume":"401","author":"AB Gilmore","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gilmore AB, et al. Defining and conceptualising the commercial determinants of health. Lancet. 2023;401(10383):1194\u2013213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(23)00013-2.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"1124_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2021.82.18","volume":"82","author":"N Carah","year":"2021","unstructured":"Carah N, Brodmerkel S. Alcohol marketing in the era of digital media platforms. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2021;82(1):18\u201327.","journal-title":"J Stud Alcohol Drugs"},{"issue":"12","key":"1124_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3024","DOI":"10.1111\/add.16003","volume":"117","author":"TF Babor","year":"2022","unstructured":"Babor TF, et al. Alcohol: no ordinary Commodity-a summary of the third edition. Addiction. 2022;117(12):3024\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/add.16003.","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"1124_CR16","unstructured":"WHO. Reducing the harm from alcohol\u2013 by regulating cross-border alcohol marketing, advertising and promotion: a technical report, WHO, Editor. 2022."},{"issue":"4","key":"1124_CR17","first-page":"491","volume":"78","author":"DH Jernigan","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jernigan DH, et al. Towards a global alcohol policy: alcohol, public health and the role of WHO. Bull World Health Organ. 2000;78(4):491\u20139.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"1124_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"08011","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.11.08011","volume":"11","author":"X Qu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Qu X, et al. Burden of alcohol use disorders in China and the regions with different income levels over the world. J Glob Health. 2021;11:08011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7189\/jogh.11.08011.","journal-title":"J Glob Health"},{"issue":"10209","key":"1124_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32230-5","volume":"394","author":"M Farrell","year":"2019","unstructured":"Farrell M, et al. Responding to global stimulant use: challenges and opportunities. Lancet. 2019;394(10209):1652\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32230-5.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10190","key":"1124_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2493","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)32744-2","volume":"393","author":"J Manthey","year":"2019","unstructured":"Manthey J, et al. Global alcohol exposure between 1990 and 2017 and forecasts until 2030: a modelling study. Lancet. 2019;393(10190):2493\u2013502. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)32744-2.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"17","key":"1124_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.19761","volume":"330","author":"M McPheeters","year":"2023","unstructured":"McPheeters M, et al. Pharmacotherapy for alcohol use disorder: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA. 2023;330(17):1653\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2023.19761.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"10","key":"1124_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01990-1","volume":"28","author":"CJL Murray","year":"2022","unstructured":"Murray CJL. The global burden of disease study at 30 years. Nat Med. 2022;28(10):2019\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-022-01990-1.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"10383","key":"1124_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(23)00011-9","volume":"401","author":"S Friel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Friel S, et al. Commercial determinants of health: future directions. Lancet. 2023;401(10383):1229\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(23)00011-9.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1124_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-7954-10-1","volume":"10","author":"KJ Foreman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Foreman KJ, et al. Modeling causes of death: an integrated approach using codem. Popul Health Metr. 2012;10:1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1478-7954-10-1.","journal-title":"Popul Health Metr"},{"key":"1124_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2024.102382","volume":"99","author":"F Cao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cao F, et al. Trends and cross-country inequalities in the global burden of osteoarthritis, 1990\u20132019: A population-based study. Ageing Res Rev. 2024;99:102382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arr.2024.102382.","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"1124_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e078432","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-078432","volume":"385","author":"K Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang K, et al. Global burden of type 1 diabetes in adults aged 65 years and older, 1990\u20132019: population based study. BMJ. 2024;385:e078432. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj-2023-078432.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1124_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association, D. and, American Psychiatric D, Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5. Volume 5. American psychiatric association Washington, DC; 2013.","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"issue":"3","key":"1124_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1002\/(sici)1097-0258(20000215)19:3<335::aid-sim336>3.0.co;2-z","volume":"19","author":"HJ Kim","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kim HJ, et al. Permutation tests for joinpoint regression with applications to cancer rates. Stat Med. 2000;19(3):335\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/(sici)1097-0258(20000215)19:3%3C;335::aid-sim336%3E;3.0.co;2-z.","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"1124_CR29","unstructured":"Box GE, et al. Time series analysis: forecasting and control. Wiley; 2015."},{"issue":"2","key":"1124_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/76.2.297","volume":"76","author":"CM Hurvich","year":"1989","unstructured":"Hurvich CM, Tsai C-L. Regression and time series model selection in small samples. Biometrika. 1989;76(2):297\u2013307.","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"issue":"8","key":"1124_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.11406","volume":"320","author":"HR Kranzler","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kranzler HR, Soyka M. Diagnosis and pharmacotherapy of alcohol use disorder: A review. JAMA. 2018;320(8):815\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2018.11406.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1124_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"f2939","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f2939","volume":"346","author":"O Dyer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dyer O. Minimum alcohol pricing delivers health benefits without penalising moderate drinkers, finds analysis. BMJ. 2013;346:f2939. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.f2939.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"3","key":"1124_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.7895\/ijadr.v3i3.154","volume":"3","author":"M Kolosnitsyna","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kolosnitsyna M, Sitdikov M, Khorkina N. Availability restrictions and alcohol consumption: A case of restricted hours of alcohol sales in Russian regions. Int J Alcohol Drug Res. 2014;3(3):193\u2013201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7895\/ijadr.v3i3.154.","journal-title":"Int J Alcohol Drug Res"},{"key":"1124_CR34","unstructured":"WHO. Tackling NCDs: best buys and other recommended interventions for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases. World Health Organization; 2024. p. 31."},{"key":"1124_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"McCambridge J, Lesch M. Are we moving into a new era for alcohol policy globally? An analysis of the global alcohol action plan 2022-30. BMJ Glob Health. 2024;9(2). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjgh-2023-014246.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2023-014246"},{"issue":"2","key":"1124_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1017\/err.2020.53","volume":"12","author":"R Robin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Robin R. Global intergovernmental initiatives to minimise alcohol problems: some good intentions, but little action. Eur J Risk Regul. 2021;12(2):419\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/err.2020.53.","journal-title":"Eur J Risk Regul"},{"key":"1124_CR37","volume-title":"Global status report on alcohol and health and treatment of substance use disorders","author":"WHO","year":"2024","unstructured":"WHO. Global status report on alcohol and health and treatment of substance use disorders. Editor: WHO; 2024."},{"key":"1124_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2016.11.003","volume":"170","author":"BH Han","year":"2017","unstructured":"Han BH, et al. Demographic trends of binge alcohol use and alcohol use disorders among older adults in the united States, 2005\u20132014. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2017;170:198\u2013207. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2016.11.003.","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"7179","key":"1124_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06516","volume":"451","author":"W Lutz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lutz W, Sanderson W, Scherbov S. The coming acceleration of global population ageing. Nature. 2008;451(7179):716\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature06516.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"1124_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0191189","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191189","volume":"13","author":"S Kelly","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kelly S, et al. Alcohol and older people: A systematic review of barriers, facilitators and context of drinking in older people and implications for intervention design. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(1):e0191189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0191189.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1124_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lind N, Ramondo N. Innovation, knowledge diffusion, and globalization. National Bureau of Economic Research; 2018.","DOI":"10.3386\/w25071"},{"issue":"1","key":"1124_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-0009.12437","volume":"98","author":"GM Oppenheimer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Oppenheimer GM, Bayer R. Is moderate drinking protective against heart disease?? The science, politics and history of a public health conundrum. Milbank Q. 2020;98(1):39\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1468-0009.12437.","journal-title":"Milbank Q"},{"key":"1124_CR43","volume-title":"Empowering public health advocates to navigate alcohol policy challenges: alcohol policy playbook","author":"WHO","year":"2024","unstructured":"WHO. Empowering public health advocates to navigate alcohol policy challenges: alcohol policy playbook. Editor: WHO; 2024."},{"issue":"6","key":"1124_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1476","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02383-8","volume":"29","author":"PK Im","year":"2023","unstructured":"Im PK, et al. Alcohol consumption and risks of more than 200 diseases in Chinese men. Nat Med. 2023;29(6):1476\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-023-02383-8.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"1124_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2017.78.375","volume":"78","author":"J Zhao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhao J, et al. Alcohol consumption and mortality from coronary heart disease: an updated Meta-Analysis of cohort studies. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2017;78(3):375\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15288\/jsad.2017.78.375.","journal-title":"J Stud Alcohol Drugs"},{"key":"1124_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Anderson P. The impact of alcoholic beverages on human health. Nutrients. 2021;13(12). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13124417.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13124417"},{"key":"1124_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu F, Murphy J. A qualitative study of Chinese wine consumption and purchasing: implications for Australian wines. Int J Wine Bus Res. 2007;19(2):98\u2013113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/17511060710758669\/full\/html.","DOI":"10.1108\/17511060710758669\/full\/html"},{"key":"1124_CR48","unstructured":"Deadman P. How to be Healthy: Traditional Chinese Health Preservation Teachings and Modern Research. Journal of Chinese Medicine (JCM), 2005(78)."},{"key":"1124_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Haighton K. Thinking behind alcohol consumption in old age: psychological and sociological reasons for drinking in old age. Springer International Publishing; 2016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-47233-1_1.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-47233-1_1"},{"issue":"4","key":"1124_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(92)90300-f","volume":"34","author":"I Akerlind","year":"1992","unstructured":"Akerlind I, H\u00f6rnquist JO. Loneliness and alcohol abuse: a review of evidences of an interplay. Soc Sci Med. 1992;34(4):405\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0277-9536(92)90300-f.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1124_CR51","first-page":"1","volume":"1","author":"A Hossen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hossen A. Social isolation and loneliness among elderly immigrants: the case of South Asian elderly living in Canada. J Int Social Issues. 2012;1(1):1\u201310.","journal-title":"J Int Social Issues"},{"issue":"3","key":"1124_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13321","volume":"41","author":"SS Dermody","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dermody SS, Hendershot CS. A critical review of the effects of nicotine and alcohol coadministration in human laboratory studies. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2017;41(3):473\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acer.13321.","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"1124_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1080\/02703149.2020.1774997","volume":"44","author":"C Zerbe Enns","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zerbe Enns C, D\u00edaz LC, Bryant-Davis T. Transnational feminist theory and practice: an introduction. Women Therapy. 2021;44(1\u20132):11\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02703149.2020.1774997.","journal-title":"Women Therapy"},{"issue":"4","key":"1124_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.3109\/09687637.2016.1153602","volume":"23","author":"M Savic","year":"2016","unstructured":"Savic M, et al. Defining drinking culture: A critical review of its meaning and connotation in social research on alcohol problems. Drugs: Educ Prev Policy. 2016;23(4):270\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/09687637.2016.1153602.","journal-title":"Drugs: Educ Prev Policy"},{"issue":"1","key":"1124_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2011.09.014","volume":"126","author":"R Gordon","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gordon R, Heim D, MacAskill S. Rethinking drinking cultures: a review of drinking cultures and a reconstructed dimensional approach. Public Health. 2012;126(1):3\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.puhe.2011.09.014.","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"1124_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fullwood MD, et al. An advertisement analysis of alcohol products in popular women\u2019s magazines. Front Womens Health. 2016;1(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15761\/fwh.1000102.","DOI":"10.15761\/fwh.1000102"},{"key":"1124_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang C. Contemporary culture of wine consumption in Japan: women\u2019s leading role in creating the market in an Asia\u2019s post-industrial context. Territoires Du Vin, 2021(13).","DOI":"10.58335\/territoiresduvin.2086"},{"issue":"4","key":"1124_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1007\/s40429-023-00529-9","volume":"10","author":"AM Maxwell","year":"2023","unstructured":"Maxwell AM, Brucar LR, Zilverstand A. A systematic review of sex\/gender differences in the multi-dimensional Neurobiological mechanisms in addiction and their relevance to impulsivity. Curr Addict Rep. 2023;10(4):770\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40429-023-00529-9.","journal-title":"Curr Addict Rep"},{"key":"1124_CR59","unstructured":"IHME GB. o.D., Number with an alcohol use disorder. 2024."},{"issue":"1","key":"1124_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-12070-3","volume":"22","author":"O Chimed-Ochir","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chimed-Ochir O, et al. Mongolia health situation: based on the global burden of disease study 2019. BMC Public Health. 2022;22(1):5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-021-12070-3.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"1124_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12460","volume":"35","author":"S Casswell","year":"2016","unstructured":"Casswell S, et al. How the alcohol industry relies on harmful use of alcohol and works to protect its profits. Drug Alcohol Rev. 2016;35(6):661\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dar.12460.","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"1124_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.1091","volume":"15","author":"H Saffer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Saffer H, Dave D. Alcohol advertising and alcohol consumption by adolescents. Health Econ. 2006;15(6):617\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hec.1091.","journal-title":"Health Econ"},{"issue":"2","key":"1124_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1080\/10641734.2012.700800","volume":"33","author":"RT Wilson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wilson RT, Till BD. Targeting of outdoor alcohol advertising: A study across ethnic and income groups. J Curr Issues Res Advertising. 2012;33(2):267\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10641734.2012.700800.","journal-title":"J Curr Issues Res Advertising"},{"issue":"4","key":"1124_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2012.73.570","volume":"73","author":"N Mulia","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mulia N, Zemore SE. Social adversity, stress, and alcohol problems: are Racial\/ethnic minorities and the poor more vulnerable? J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2012;73(4):570\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15288\/jsad.2012.73.570.","journal-title":"J Stud Alcohol Drugs"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"1124_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13433","volume":"112","author":"J Noel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Noel J, et al. Alcohol industry self-regulation: who is it really protecting? Addiction. 2017;112(Suppl 1):57\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/add.13433.","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"2","key":"1124_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2014.75.319","volume":"75","author":"TK Greenfield","year":"2014","unstructured":"Greenfield TK, et al. Risks of alcohol use disorders related to drinking patterns in the U.S. General population. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2014;75(2):319\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15288\/jsad.2014.75.319.","journal-title":"J Stud Alcohol Drugs"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"1124_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.09.018","volume":"122","author":"T Bogg","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bogg T, et al. Cognitive control links alcohol use, trait disinhibition, and reduced cognitive capacity: evidence for medial prefrontal cortex dysregulation during reward-seeking behavior. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2012;122(1\u20132):112\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.09.018.","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"1124_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tom\u00e1s CC et al. Proceedings of the 3rd IPLeiria\u2019s International Health Congress: Leiria, Portugal. 6\u20137 May 2016. BMC Health Serv Res, 2016. 16(Suppl 3): 200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12913-016-1423-5","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-016-1423-5"},{"key":"1124_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Morris J, Boness CL, Burton R. (Mis)understanding alcohol use disorder: Making the case for a public health first approach. Drug Alcohol Depend, 2023. 253: 111019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2023.111019","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2023.111019"}],"container-title":["Globalization and Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12992-025-01124-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12992-025-01124-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12992-025-01124-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T10:57:27Z","timestamp":1748084247000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/globalizationandhealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12992-025-01124-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1124"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12992-025-01124-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1744-8603"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1744-8603","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not required as this study used secondary data aggregated at both country and global level.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"All data and materials as well as software application comply with field standards. The lead authors (MZ and JD) affirm that the manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study being reported; that no important aspects of the study have been omitted; and that any discrepancies from the study as planned (and, if relevant, registered) have been explained.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Data transparency"}},{"value":"The authors declared to value all individuals regardless of age, national origin, race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, ability status, among other identities.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Equity and inclusion statement"}},{"value":"To enhance readability and language, AI-assisted technologies were utilized in this study. These technologies were not employed for any other purposes. The authors remain ultimately responsible and accountable for the originality, accuracy, and integrity of the work.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"AI-assisted technologies"}},{"value":"The lead authors affirm that the manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study being reported; that no important aspects of the study have been omitted; and that any discrepancies from the study as planned (and, if relevant, registered) have been explained.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Transparency"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"30"}}