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In Tanzania, the procedure is a treatment of persistent cough, and in some areas of the country, one in three children have been cut. Previous research from Sub-Saharan Africa suggest that uvulectomy by lay providers can increase morbidity and mortality in children, but few studies have examined the cultural ideas and practices that are linked to this form of lay surgery.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This ethnomedical study took place in Dar es Salaam. Ten focus group discussions with a total of 43 caregivers in three different administrative districts were carried out, focusing on their perceptions of uvulectomy, the folk illness <jats:italic>kimeo,<\/jats:italic> and their experiences with taking a child for cutting. Four folk practitioners who carry out uvulectomies were interviewed individually, with a special focus on their background, and their perceptions of <jats:italic>kimeo<\/jats:italic> and uvulectomy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Caregivers in Dar es Salaam typically take children who suffer from cough, vomiting and weakness to a professional health provider as a first recourse. If the child does not get well relatively quickly, some start fearing that their child may suffer from the folk illness <jats:italic>kimeo<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>Kimeo<\/jats:italic> is perceived by some to be an acute, life-threatening illness that professional health providers are incapable of treating. Folk practitioners treat <jats:italic>kimeo<\/jats:italic> by amputating the uvula using forceps. The four interviewed practitioners had learned their skill in apprenticeship, and two of them were third generation uvula cutters. Caregivers regard the folk practitioners as experts who offer a service that is perceived as both efficient and safe.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Efforts should be made to improve the quality of professional health services for children presenting with cough, including more open communication with caregivers about the folk illness <jats:italic>kimeo<\/jats:italic>. More research is needed to establish the clinical conditions that children who are taken for uvulectomy suffer from, to what degree the practice delays professional health care for underlying illnesses like pneumonia, and the negative effects of the cutting itself.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13002-022-00533-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T12:04:25Z","timestamp":1651233865000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The folk illness kimeo and \u201ctraditional\u201d uvulectomy: an ethnomedical study of care seeking for children with cough and weakness in Dar es Salaam"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Siri","family":"Lange","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorcas","family":"Mfaume","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"533_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2013.02.031","volume":"86","author":"CJ Colvin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Colvin CJ, Smith HJ, Swartz A, Ahs JW, de Heer J, Opiyo N, et al. 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The study was explained thoroughly to all participants, and they were asked for verbal consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"35"}}