{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T14:42:30Z","timestamp":1793889750140,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,13]],"date-time":"2024-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720828800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,13]],"date-time":"2024-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Ethnobiology Ethnomedicine"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In the intricate tapestry of food security, wild food species stand as pillars, nourishing millions in low-income communities, and reflecting the resilience and adaptability of human societies. Their significance extends beyond mere sustenance, intertwining with cultural traditions and local knowledge systems, underscoring the importance of preserving biodiversity and traditional practices for sustainable livelihoods.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The present study, conducted between February 2022 and August 2023 along the Line of Control in India\u2019s Kashmir Valley, employed a rigorous data collection encompassing semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and specific field observations facilitated through a snowball sampling technique.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results and discussion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The comprehensive inventory includes 108 edible plant and fungal species from 48 taxonomic families, with Rosaceae (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200911) standing out. Young and soft leaves (N\u2009=\u200960) are an important component of various culinary preparations, with vegetables (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200965) being the main use, followed by fruits (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200919). This use is seasonal, with collection peaks in March\u2013April and June\u2013August (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200912). The study also highlights the importance of use value (UV), with <jats:italic>Portulaca oleracea<\/jats:italic> standing out as the plant taxon (UV\u2009=\u20090.61), while <jats:italic>Asyneuma thomsoni<\/jats:italic> has the lowest use value (UV\u2009=\u20090.15). Many species such as <jats:italic>Senecio chrysanthemoides, Asperugo procumbens, Asyneuma thomsoni,<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Potentilla nepalensis<\/jats:italic> were classified as new for gastronomic use. Furthermore, the study underlines the great cultural importance of mushrooms such as <jats:italic>Morchella esculenta<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Geopora arenicola<\/jats:italic> in influencing social hierarchies within the community. However, the transmission of traditional knowledge across generations is declining in the region. At the same time, the conservation of endangered plant species on the IUCN Red List, such as <jats:italic>Trillium govanianum, Taxus wallichiana, Saussurea costus,<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Podophyllum hexandrum<\/jats:italic>, requires immediate attention.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Conservation measures should be prioritized, and proactive remedial action is needed. Further research into the nutritional value of these edible species could pave the way for their commercial cultivation, which would mean potential economic growth for local communities, make an important contribution to food security in the area under study, and contribute to scientific progress.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13002-024-00707-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,13]],"date-time":"2024-07-13T11:01:58Z","timestamp":1720868518000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Foraging for the future: traditional culinary uses of wild plants in the Western Himalayas\u2013Kashmir Valley (India)"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Musheerul","family":"Hassan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tawseef Ahmad","family":"Mir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muatasim","family":"Jan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Shoaib","family":"Amjad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Abdul","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Pieroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivana","family":"Vitasovi\u0107-Kosi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rainer W.","family":"Bussmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"707_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1515\/9781805392682","volume-title":"Fig trees and humans: Ficus ecology and mutualisms across cultures","author":"Y Aumeeruddy-Thomas","year":"2024","unstructured":"Aumeeruddy-Thomas Y, Hossaert-McKey M. Fig trees and humans: Ficus ecology and mutualisms across cultures. Oxford: Berghahn Books; 2024. p. 32."},{"key":"707_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-3850401\/v1","author":"SM Haq","year":"2024","unstructured":"Haq SM, Khoja AA, Waheed M, Pieroni A, Siddiqui MH, Bussmann RW. Plant cultural indicators of forest resources from the Himalayan high mountains: implications for improving agricultural resilience, subsistence, and forest restoration. Res Sq. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21203\/rs.3.rs-3850401\/v1.","journal-title":"Res Sq"},{"key":"707_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hermed.2023.100767","volume":"42","author":"M Jan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jan M, Mir TA, Jan HA, Bussmann RW, Aneaus S. Ethnomedicinal study of plants utilized in pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum healthcare in Kashmir Himalaya. J Herb Med. 2023;42: 100767.","journal-title":"J Herb Med"},{"key":"707_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s10113-021-01755-5","volume":"21","author":"C Wessels","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wessels C, Merow C, Trisos CH. Climate change risk to southern African wild food plants. Reg Environ Chang. 2021;21:29.","journal-title":"Reg Environ Chang"},{"key":"707_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10010126","volume":"10","author":"N Stryamets","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stryamets N, Mattalia G, Pieroni A, Khomyn I, S\u00f5ukand R. Dining tables divided by a border: the effect of socio-political scenarios on local ecological knowledge of Romanians living in Ukrainian and Romanian Bukovina. Foods. 2021;10:126.","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"707_CR6","unstructured":"Convention on Biological Diversity. Report of the conference of the parties to the convention on biological diversity on its thirteenth meeting. CBD\/COP\/13\/25. In: Proceedings of the thirteenth meeting of the conference of the parties to the convention on biological diversity, Cancun, Mexico; 2016. pp. 4\u201317."},{"key":"707_CR7","volume-title":"Food security and sovereignty","author":"G Gordillo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gordillo G, Jeronimo OM. Food security and sovereignty. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organisation United Nations; 2013."},{"key":"707_CR8","first-page":"67","volume-title":"Diversifying food and diets\u2014using agricultural biodiversity to improve nutrition and health","author":"VH Heywood","year":"2013","unstructured":"Heywood VH. Overview of agricultural biodiversity and its contribution to nutrition and health. In: Fanzo J, Hunte D, Birelli T, Mattei F, editors. Diversifying food and diets\u2014using agricultural biodiversity to improve nutrition and health. Abingdon, UK: Routledge; 2013. p. 67\u201399."},{"key":"707_CR9","first-page":"537","volume":"10","author":"S Khan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Khan S, Hussain W, Sulaiman S, Hussain H, Altyar AE, Ashour ML, Pieroni A. Overcoming tribal boundaries: the biocultural heritage of foraging and cooking wild vegetables among four Pathan groups in the Gadoon Valley. NW Pak Biol. 2021;10:537.","journal-title":"NW Pak Biol"},{"key":"707_CR10","first-page":"551","volume":"10","author":"B Pruse","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pruse B, Simanova A, Me\u017eaka I, Kalle R, Prakofjewa J, Holsta I, Laizane S, S\u00f5ukand R. Active wild food practices among culturally diverse groups in the 21st century across Latgale. Latvia Biol. 2021;10:551.","journal-title":"Latvia Biol"},{"key":"707_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4715","DOI":"10.3390\/su12114715","volume":"12","author":"S Jarzebowski","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jarzebowski S, Bourlakis M, Bezat-Jarzebowska A. Short food supply chains (SFSC) as local and sustainable systems. Sustainability. 2020;12:4715.","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"707_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eujim.2021.101366","volume":"46","author":"TA Mir","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mir TA, Jan M, Khare RK. Ethnomedicinal application of plants in Doodhganga forest range of district Budgam, Jammu and Kashmir, India. Eur J Integrat Med. 2021;46: 101366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eujim.2021.101366.","journal-title":"Eur J Integrat Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"707_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1080\/10496475.2021.2014012","volume":"28","author":"TA Mir","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mir TA, Jan M, Khare RK. Ethnomedicinal practices and conservation status of medicinal plants in the Bandipora district of Kashmir Himalaya. J Herbs Spices Med Plants. 2022;28(2):125\u201342.","journal-title":"J Herbs Spices Med Plants"},{"key":"707_CR14","first-page":"302","volume":"10","author":"MA Aziz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aziz MA, Ullah Z, Al-Fatimi M, De Chiara M, S\u00f5ukand R, Pieroni A. On the trail of an ancient middle eastern Ethnobotany: traditional wild food plants gathered by Ormuri speakers in Kaniguram. NW Pak Biol. 2021;10:302.","journal-title":"NW Pak Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"707_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1186\/s13002-023-00631-2","volume":"19","author":"M Manzoor","year":"2023","unstructured":"Manzoor M, Ahmad M, Zafar M, Gillani SW, Shaheen H, Pieroni A, Al-Ghamdi AA, Elshikh MS, Saqib S, Makhkamov T, Khaydarov K. The local medicinal plant knowledge in Kashmir Western Himalaya: a way to foster ecological transition via community-centred health seeking strategies. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2023;19(1):56.","journal-title":"J Ethnobiol Ethnomed"},{"key":"707_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.3390\/d14060455","volume":"14","author":"M Hassan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hassan M, Haq SM, Majeed M, Umair M, Sahito HA, Shirani M, Waheed M, Aziz R, Ahmad R, Bussmann RW, Alataway A. Traditional food and medicine: ethno-traditional usage of fish Fauna across the valley of Kashmir: a western Himalayan region. Diversity. 2022;14:455.","journal-title":"Diversity"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"707_CR17","first-page":"577","volume":"91","author":"FA Bhat","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bhat FA, Mathur PK. Ethnic plurality in Jammu and Kashmir: A sociological analysis. Man India. 2011;91(3\u20134):577\u201396.","journal-title":"Man India"},{"issue":"11","key":"707_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1578","DOI":"10.3390\/biology11111578","volume":"11","author":"TA Mir","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mir TA, Jan M, Jan HA, Bussmann RW, Sisto F, Fadlalla IMT. A cross-cultural analysis of medicinal plant utilization among the four ethnic communities in Northern Regions of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Biology. 2022;11(11):1578.","journal-title":"Biology"},{"key":"707_CR19","volume-title":"Pictorial field guide-floral gallery of Himalayan Valley of flowers and adjacent areas","author":"KA Murthy","year":"2011","unstructured":"Murthy KA. Pictorial field guide-floral gallery of Himalayan Valley of flowers and adjacent areas. Chennai, India: Sudarshan Graphics Pvt. Ltd.; 2011."},{"key":"707_CR20","volume-title":"Indian mammals: a field guide","author":"V Menon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Menon V. Indian mammals: a field guide. Delhi, India: Hachette India; 2014."},{"key":"707_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.3390\/biology10090827","volume":"10","author":"SM Haq","year":"2021","unstructured":"Haq SM, Yaqoob U, Calixto ES, Rahman IU, Hashem A, Abd Allah EF, Alakeel MA, Alqarawi AA, Abdalla M, Hassan M, et al. Plant resources utilization among different ethnic groups of Ladakh in Trans-Himalayan Region. Biology. 2021;10:827.","journal-title":"Biology"},{"issue":"5","key":"707_CR22","first-page":"475","volume":"147","author":"M Jan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jan M, Khare RK, Mir TA. Ethnomedicinal appraisal of medicinal plants from family asteraceae used by the ethnic communities of Baramulla. Kashmir Himalaya Ind For. 2021;147(5):475\u201380.","journal-title":"Kashmir Himalaya Ind For"},{"issue":"6","key":"707_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3062","DOI":"10.3390\/su13063062","volume":"13","author":"A Kumar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kumar A, Kumar S, Komal RN, Singh P. Role of traditional ethnobotanical knowledge and indigenous communities in achieving sustainable development goals. Sustainability. 2021;13(6):3062.","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"38","key":"707_CR24","first-page":"1","volume":"21","author":"M Jan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jan M, Mir TA, Ganie AH, Khare RK. Ethnomedicinal use of some plant species by Gujjar and Bakerwal community in Gulmarg mountainous region of Kashmir Himalaya. Ethnobot Res Appl. 2021;21(38):1\u201323.","journal-title":"Ethnobot Res Appl"},{"key":"707_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1739.1994.08010225.x","volume":"8","author":"O Phillips","year":"1994","unstructured":"Phillips O, Gentry AH, Reynel C, Wilki P, G\u00e1vez-Durand CB. Quantitative ethnobotany and Amazonian conservation. Conserv Biol. 1994;8:225\u201348.","journal-title":"Conserv Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"707_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chnaes.2022.07.010","volume":"43","author":"M Hassan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hassan M, Abdullah A, Haq SM, Yaqoob U, Bussmann RW, Waheed M. Cross-ethnic use of ethnoveterinary medicine in the Kashmir Himalaya\u2014a northwestern Himalayan region. Acta Ecol Sin. 2023;43(4):617\u201327.","journal-title":"Acta Ecol Sin"},{"key":"707_CR27","first-page":"1","volume":"22","author":"AY Mir","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mir AY, Yaqoob U, Hassan M, Bashir F, Zanit SB, Haq SM, Bussmann RW. Ethnopharmacology and phenology of high-altitude medicinal plants in Kashmir, Northern Himalaya. Ethnobot Res Appl. 2021;22:1\u20135.","journal-title":"Ethnobot Res Appl"},{"key":"707_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"03387","DOI":"10.1111\/njb.03387","volume":"2022","author":"M Jan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jan M, Mir TA, Khare RK. Traditional use of medicinal plants among the indigenous communities in Baramulla district, Jammu and Kashmir, India. Nord J Bot. 2022;2022:03387.","journal-title":"Nord J Bot"},{"issue":"3","key":"707_CR29","first-page":"281","volume":"147","author":"TA Mir","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mir TA, Jan M, Khare RK, Dhyani S. Ethno-survey of traditional use of plants in Lolab Valley, Kashmir Himalaya. Indian For. 2021;147(3):281\u20137.","journal-title":"Indian For"},{"key":"707_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1007\/s10668-020-00617-0","volume":"23","author":"D Rana","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rana D, Bhatt A, Lal B, Parkash O, Kumar A, Uniyal SK. Use of medicinal plants for treating different ailments by the indigenous people of Churah subdivision of district Chamba, Himachal Pradesh, India. Environ Dev Sustain. 2021;23:1162\u2013241.","journal-title":"Environ Dev Sustain"},{"issue":"20","key":"707_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3599","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12203599","volume":"12","author":"L Ahad","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ahad L, Hassan M, Amjad MS, Mir RA, Vitasovi\u0107-Kosi\u0107 I, Bussmann RW, Binish Z. Ethnobotanical insights into medicinal and culinary plant use: the dwindling traditional heritage of the dard ethnic group in the Gurez region of the Kashmir Valley, India. Plants. 2023;12(20):3599.","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"707_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.169147","volume":"912","author":"W Oliveira","year":"2024","unstructured":"Oliveira W, Colares LF, Porto RG, Viana BF, Tabarelli M, Lopes AV. Food plants in Brazil: origin, economic value of pollination and pollinator shortage risk. Sci Total Env. 2024;912: 169147.","journal-title":"Sci Total Env"},{"issue":"4","key":"707_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.3390\/biology11040491","volume":"11","author":"SM Haq","year":"2022","unstructured":"Haq SM, Hassan M, Bussmann RW, Calixto ES, Rahman IU, Sakhi S, Ijaz F, Hashem A, Al-Arjani AB, Almutairi KF, Abd Allah EF. A cross-cultural analysis of plant resources among five ethnic groups in the Western Himalayan region of Jammu and Kashmir. Biology. 2022;11(4):491.","journal-title":"Biology"},{"issue":"2","key":"707_CR34","first-page":"179","volume":"15","author":"A Aadil","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aadil A, Andrabi SAH. Wild edible plants and fungi used by locals in Kupwara district of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Pleione. 2021;15(2):179\u201389.","journal-title":"Pleione"},{"issue":"3","key":"707_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1080\/10496475.2016.1193833","volume":"22","author":"B Singh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Singh B, Sultan P, Hassan QP, Gairola S, Bedi YS. Ethnobotany, traditional knowledge, and diversity of wild edible plants and fungi: a case study in the Bandipora district of Kashmir Himalaya, India. J Herbs Spices Med Plants. 2016;22(3):247\u201378.","journal-title":"J Herbs Spices Med Plants"},{"issue":"2","key":"707_CR36","first-page":"1","volume":"35","author":"U Devi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Devi U, Bagri A, Bajpai AB. Ethno-medicinal plants used by Jadh Bhotiya community of district Uttarakashi, Uttarakhand, India. Ecol Quest. 2024;35(2):1\u201323.","journal-title":"Ecol Quest"},{"issue":"2","key":"707_CR37","first-page":"1","volume":"35","author":"LR Dangwal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dangwal LR, Raj TL. Diversity, informant consensus factor and cultural significance index of wild edible plants in the Jaunpur region, Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand. Ecol Quest. 2024;35(2):1\u20132.","journal-title":"Ecol Quest"},{"issue":"2","key":"707_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.3390\/biology12020269","volume":"12","author":"M Waheed","year":"2023","unstructured":"Waheed M, Haq SM, Arshad F, Bussmann RW, Pieroni A, Mahmoud EA, Casini R, Yessoufou K, Elansary HO. Traditional wild food plants gathered by ethnic groups living in semi-arid region of Punjab, Pakistan. Biol. 2023;12(2):269.","journal-title":"Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"707_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.3390\/biology11030455","volume":"11","author":"SM Haq","year":"2022","unstructured":"Haq SM, Hassan M, Jan HA, Al-Ghamdi AA, Ahmad K, Abbasi AM. Traditions for future cross-national food security\u2014food and foraging practices among different native communities in the Western Himalayas. Biol. 2022;11(3):455.","journal-title":"Biol"},{"issue":"9","key":"707_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5258","DOI":"10.3390\/su13095258","volume":"13","author":"A Abdullah","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abdullah A, Khan SM, Pieroni A, Haq A, Haq ZU, Ahmad Z, Sakhi S, Hashem A, Al-Arjani AB, Alqarawi AA, Abd Allah EF. A comprehensive appraisal of the wild food plants and food system of tribal cultures in the Hindu Kush Mountain Range; a way forward for balancing human nutrition and food security. Sustainability. 2021;13(9):5258.","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"5","key":"707_CR41","first-page":"1433","volume":"6","author":"A Aadil","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aadil A, Andrabi SAH. An approach to the study of traditional medicinal plants used by locals of block Kralpora Kupwara Jammu and Kashmir India. Int J Bot Studies. 2021;6(5):1433\u201348.","journal-title":"Int J Bot Studies"},{"issue":"7","key":"707_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.3390\/land12071299","volume":"12","author":"G Mina","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mina G, Scariot V, Peira G, Lombardi G. Foraging practices and sustainable management of wild food resources in Europe: a systematic review. Land. 2023;12(7):1299.","journal-title":"Land"},{"issue":"8","key":"707_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.3390\/plants9081017","volume":"12\u20139","author":"FM Mutie","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mutie FM, Rono PC, Kathambi V, Hu GW, Wang QF. Conservation of wild food plants and their potential for combatting food insecurity in Kenya as exemplified by the drylands of Kitui County. Plants. 2020;12\u20139(8):1017.","journal-title":"Plants"},{"issue":"4","key":"707_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.14719\/pst.2020.7.4.855","volume":"7","author":"PR Gajurel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gajurel PR, Doni T. Diversity of wild edible plants traditionally used by the Galo tribe of Indian Eastern Himalayan state of Arunachal Pradesh. Plant Science Today. 2020;7(4):523\u201333.","journal-title":"Plant Science Today"},{"key":"707_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1007\/s11629-012-2315-8","volume":"9","author":"RM Kunwar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kunwar RM, Mahat L, Sharma LN, Shrestha KP, Kominee H, Bussmann RW. Underutilized plant species in far west Nepal. J Mount Sci. 2012;9:589\u2013600.","journal-title":"J Mount Sci"},{"key":"707_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1080\/03670244.2011.568910","volume":"50","author":"JM Dad","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dad JM, Khan AB. Edible wild plants of pastorals at high-altitude grasslands of Gurez Valley, Kashmir. India Ecol Food Nutr. 2011;50:281\u201394.","journal-title":"India Ecol Food Nutr"},{"key":"707_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/s13002-020-00426-9","volume":"16","author":"A Pieroni","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pieroni A, Vandebroek I, Prakofjewa J, Bussmann RW, Paniagua-Zambrana NY, Maroyi A, Torri L, Zocchi DM, Dam ATK, Khan SM. Taming the pandemic? The importance of homemade plant-based foods and beverages as community responses to COVID-19. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2020;16:75.","journal-title":"J Ethnobiol Ethnomed"},{"issue":"1","key":"707_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s42779-023-00180-9","volume":"10","author":"K Guo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Guo K, Zhang N, Zhang J, Zhang M, Zhou M, Zhang Y, Ma G. Cantonese morning tea (Yum Cha): a bite of Cantonese culture. J Ethnic Foods. 2023;10(1):1\u20136.","journal-title":"J Ethnic Foods"},{"key":"707_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s13002-018-0278-8","volume":"15","author":"S Ojelel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ojelel S, Mucunguzi P, Katuura E, Kakudidi EK, Namaganda M, Kalema J. Wild edible plants used by communities in and around selected forest reserves of Teso-Karamoja region. Uganda J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2019;15:3.","journal-title":"Uganda J Ethnobiol Ethnomed"},{"key":"707_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/s12571-012-0186-z","volume":"4","author":"AK Mahapatra","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mahapatra AK, Panda PC. Wild edible fruit diversity and its significance in the livelihood of indigenous tribals: evidence from eastern India. Food Secur. 2012;4:219\u201334.","journal-title":"Food Secur"},{"key":"707_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2015.07.029","volume":"173","author":"MPZ Khan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Khan MPZ, Ahmad M, Zafar M, Sultana S, Ali MI, Sun H. Ethnomedicinal uses of edible wild fruits (EWFs) in Swat Valley, Northern Pakistan. J Ethnopharmacol. 2015;173:191\u2013203.","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"707_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s13002-018-0211-1","volume":"14","author":"KP Aryal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Aryal KP, Poudel S, Chaudhary RP, Chettri N, Chaudhary P, Ning W, Kotru R. Diversity and use of wild and noncultivated edible plants in the Western Himalaya. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2014;14:10.","journal-title":"J Ethnobiol Ethnomed"},{"key":"707_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13002-018-0272-1","volume":"14","author":"H Bhatia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bhatia H, Sharma YP, Manhas RK, Kumar K. Traditionally used wild edible plants of district Udhampur, J&K, India. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2018;14:1\u201313.","journal-title":"J Ethnobiol Ethnomed"},{"key":"707_CR54","first-page":"12","volume":"8","author":"J Hussain","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hussain J, Khan AL, Rehman N, Hamayun M, Shah T, Nisar M, Bano T, Shinwari ZK, Lee I. Proximate and nutrient analysis of selected vegetable species: a case study of Karak region, Pakistan. Afr J Biotechnol. 2009;8:12.","journal-title":"Afr J Biotechnol"},{"issue":"7","key":"707_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3490","DOI":"10.1021\/jf0102113","volume":"49","author":"UR Palaniswamy","year":"2001","unstructured":"Palaniswamy UR, Mcavoy RJ, Bible BB. Stage of harvesting and polyunsaturated essential fatty acids concentrations of purslane (Portulaca oleraceae) leaves. J Agri Food Chem. 2001;49(7):3490\u20139493.","journal-title":"J Agri Food Chem"},{"key":"707_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hermed.2019.100280","volume":"1","author":"BA Tali","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tali BA, Khuroo AA, Ganie AH, Nawchoo IA. Diversity, distribution and traditional uses of medicinal plants in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) state of Indian Himalayas. J Herbal Med. 2019;1: 100280.","journal-title":"J Herbal Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"707_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1002\/pan3.10040","volume":"1","author":"P Bridgewater","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bridgewater P, Rotherham ID. A critical perspective on the concept of biocultural diversity and its emerging role in nature and heritage conservation. People Nat. 2019;1(3):291\u2013304.","journal-title":"People Nat"},{"issue":"2","key":"707_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s12231-019-09454-3","volume":"73","author":"S Tomasini","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tomasini S, Theilade I. Local knowledge of past and present uses of medicinal plants in Prespa National Park, Albania. Econ Bot. 2019;73(2):217\u201332.","journal-title":"Econ Bot."},{"issue":"2","key":"707_CR59","volume":"1\u20133","author":"EO Jones","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jones EO. Indigenous knowledge management practices in subsistence farming: a comprehensive evaluation. Sustain Technol Entrep. 2024;1\u20133(2): 100058.","journal-title":"Sustain Technol Entrep"},{"issue":"6","key":"707_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2011.02.009","volume":"1\u201331","author":"TP Dweba","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dweba TP, Mearns MA. Conserving indigenous knowledge as the key to the current and future use of traditional vegetables. Int J Inf Manag. 2011;1\u201331(6):564\u201371.","journal-title":"Int J Inf Manag"},{"issue":"1","key":"707_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s13002-023-00641-0","volume":"4\u201320","author":"N Hanazaki","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hanazaki N. Local and traditional knowledge systems, resistance, and socioenvironmental justice. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2024;4\u201320(1):5.","journal-title":"J Ethnobiol Ethnomed"},{"key":"707_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.25081\/jmb.2023.v7.8437","volume":"7","author":"SK Shukla","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shukla SK. Conservation of medicinal plants: challenges and opportunities. J Med Bot. 2023;7:5\u201310.","journal-title":"J Med Bot"},{"key":"707_CR63","first-page":"316","volume":"115","author":"O Jiri","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jiri O, Mafongoya PL, Musundire R. The use of underutilised crops and animal species in managing climate change risks. Indig Knowl Syst Clim Chang Manag Afr. 2017;115:316.","journal-title":"Indig Knowl Syst Clim Chang Manag Afr"},{"key":"707_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.5586\/asbp.2012.044","volume":"81","author":"Y Kang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kang Y, \u0141uczaj \u0141, Ye S, Zhang S, Kang J. Wild food plants and wild edible fungi of Heihe valley (Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi, central China): herbophilia and indifference to fruits and mushrooms. Acta Soc Bot Pol. 2012;81:405\u201313.","journal-title":"Acta Soc Bot Pol"},{"issue":"6","key":"707_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1739.2001.99577.x","volume":"14\u201315","author":"JR Strittholt","year":"2001","unstructured":"Strittholt JR, Dellasala DA. Importance of roadless areas in biodiversity conservation in forested ecosystems: case study of the Klamath-Siskiyou ecoregion of the United States. Conserv Bio. 2001;14\u201315(6):1742\u201354.","journal-title":"Conserv Bio"},{"key":"707_CR66","first-page":"1","volume":"23","author":"AA Khoja","year":"2022","unstructured":"Khoja AA, Andrabi SAH, Mir RA. Traditional medicine in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases in northern part of 369 Kashmir Himalayas. Ethnobot Res Appl. 2022;23:1\u201317.","journal-title":"Ethnobot Res Appl"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13002-024-00707-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13002-024-00707-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13002-024-00707-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,13]],"date-time":"2024-07-13T11:04:08Z","timestamp":1720868648000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ethnobiomed.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13002-024-00707-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,13]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["707"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13002-024-00707-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1746-4269"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1746-4269","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 March 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 July 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 July 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The present research work is purely based on field surveys instead of human or animal trials. Therefore, ethical approval and consent to participate are not applicable. However, the formal consent regarding data collection and publication was taken verbally from informants. In addition, ethical guidelines of the International Society of Ethnobiology () were strictly followed.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The present paper does not contain any individual data; therefore, this section does not apply to our study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"66"}}