{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T14:13:11Z","timestamp":1790777591104,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,16]],"date-time":"2015-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1434412800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Head Face Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s13005-015-0078-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,15]],"date-time":"2015-06-15T10:19:20Z","timestamp":1434363560000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Does facial soft tissue protect against zygomatic fractures? Results of a finite element analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Heike","family":"Huempfner-Hierl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Bohne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Schaller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gert","family":"Wollny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Hierl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"78_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1293520","volume":"5","author":"A Kraft","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kraft A, Abermann E, Stigler R, Zsifkovits C, Pedross F, Kloss F, et al. Craniomaxillofacial trauma: synopsis of 14,654 cases with 35,129 injuries in 15\u00a0years. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstruction. 2012;5:41\u201350.","journal-title":"Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstruction"},{"key":"78_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2010.04.006","volume":"39","author":"N Elhammali","year":"2010","unstructured":"Elhammali N, Bremerich A, Rustemeyer J. Demographical and clinical aspects of sports-related maxillofacial and skull base fractures in hospitalized patients. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2010;39:857\u201362.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"78_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e318163e3d7","volume":"19","author":"F Roccia","year":"2008","unstructured":"Roccia F, Diaspro A, Nasi A, Berrone S. Management of sport-related maxillofacial injuries. J Craniofac Surg. 2008;19:377\u201382.","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"78_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2007.08.018","volume":"66","author":"J Antoun","year":"2008","unstructured":"Antoun J, Lee KH. Sports-related maxillofacial fractures over an 11-year period. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008;66:504\u20138.","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"78_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.29.3.194","volume":"29","author":"SM Carroll","year":"1995","unstructured":"Carroll SM, Jawad MA, West M, O\u2019Connor TPF. One hundred and ten sports related facial fractures. Br J Sports Med. 1995;29:194\u20135.","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"78_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2003.10.008","volume":"97","author":"C Delibasi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Delibasi C, Yamazawa M, Nomura K, Iida S, Kogo M. Maxillofacial fractures sustained during sports played with a ball. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2004;97:23\u20137.","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"78_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-5182(05)80309-9","volume":"19","author":"A Frenguelli","year":"1991","unstructured":"Frenguelli A, Ruscito P, Bicciolo G, Rizzo S, Massarelli M. Head and Neck Trauma in Sporting Activities. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 1991;19:178\u201381.","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"78_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100170506","volume":"17","author":"FC den Boer","year":"1999","unstructured":"den Boer FC, Patka P, Bakker FC, Wippermann BW, van Lingen A, Vink GQ, et al. New Segmental long bone defect model in sheep: quantitative analysis of healing with dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. J Orthop Res. 1999;17:654\u201360.","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"78_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198806010-00013","volume":"22","author":"H Takizawa","year":"1988","unstructured":"Takizawa H, Suigiura K, Baba M, Tachisawa T, Kadoyama S, Kabayama T, et al. Structural Mechanics of the Blowout Fracture: Numerical Computer Simulation of Orbital Deformation by the Finite Element Method. Neurosurgery. 1988;22:1053\u20135.","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"78_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02520009","volume":"34","author":"L Voo","year":"1996","unstructured":"Voo L, Kumaresan S, Pintar FA, Yoganandan N, Sances A. Finite-element models of the human head. Med Biol Eng Comput. 1996;34:375\u201381.","journal-title":"Med Biol Eng Comput"},{"key":"78_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2373","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000218792.70483.1f","volume":"117","author":"T Nagasao","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nagasao T, Miyamoto J, Nagasao M, Ogata H, Kaneko T, Tamaki T, et al. The Effect of Striking Angle on the Buckling Mechanism of Blowout Fracture. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2006;117:2373\u201380.","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"78_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2011.09.004","volume":"41","author":"A Schaller","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schaller A, Voigt C, Huempfner-Hierl H, Hemprich A, Hierl T. Transient finite element analysis of a traumatic fracture oft the zygomatic bone caused by a head collision. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2012;41:66\u201373.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"78_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198907000-00003","volume":"84","author":"GC Rinehart","year":"1989","unstructured":"Rinehart GC, Marsh JL, Hemmer KM, Bresina S. Internal fixation of malar fractures: an experimental biophysical study. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1989;84:21\u20135.","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"78_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-199303000-00003","volume":"30","author":"JR Garza","year":"1993","unstructured":"Garza JR, Baratta RV, Odinet K, Metzinger S, Bailey D, Best R, et al. Impact tolerances of the rigidly fixated maxillofacial skeleton. Ann Plast Surg. 1993;30:212\u20136.","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"78_CR15","first-page":"503","volume":"8","author":"D Samolczyk-Wanyura","year":"2007","unstructured":"Samolczyk-Wanyura D, Wroblewski G. Numerical study of the upper part of the face displacements using finite element method. Czas Stomatol. 2007;8:503\u201318.","journal-title":"Czas Stomatol"},{"key":"78_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-4533(03)00138-3","volume":"26","author":"F Taddei","year":"2004","unstructured":"Taddei F, Pancanti A, Viceconti M. An improved method for the automatic mapping of computed tomography numbers onto finite element models. Med Eng Phys. 2004;26:61\u20139.","journal-title":"Med Eng Phys"},{"key":"78_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(03)00071-X","volume":"36","author":"EF Morgan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Morgan EF, Bayraktar HH, Keaveny TM. Trabecular bone modulus-density relationship depend on anatomic site. J Biomech. 2003;36:897\u2013904.","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"78_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678709146499","volume":"58","author":"R Huiskes","year":"1987","unstructured":"Huiskes R. Finite element analysis of acetabular reconstruction. Acta Orthop. 1987;58:620\u20135.","journal-title":"Acta Orthop"},{"key":"78_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330900304","volume":"90","author":"PC Dechow","year":"1993","unstructured":"Dechow PC, Nail GA, Schwartz-Dabney CL, Ashman RB. Elastic properties of human supraorbital and mandibular bone. Am J Phys Anthropol. 1993;90:291\u2013306.","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"78_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(99)00133-5","volume":"32","author":"A Arampatzis","year":"1999","unstructured":"Arampatzis A, Br\u00fcggemann GP, Metzler V. The effect of speed on leg stiffness and joint kinetics in human running. J Biomech. 1999;32:1349\u201353.","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"78_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2012.02.008","volume":"41","author":"A Schaller","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schaller A, Huempfner-Hierl H, Hemprich A, Hierl T. Biomechanical mechanisms of orbital wall fractures \u2013 a transient finite element analysis. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2013;41:710\u20137.","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"78_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ics.2004.03.043","volume":"1268","author":"S Zachow","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zachow S, Hierl T, Erdmann B. Predictability of tissue changes after osteotomy planning in maxillofacial surgery: A comparison with postoperative results. Int Cong Ser. 2004;1268:648\u201353.","journal-title":"Int Cong Ser"},{"key":"78_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-60566-292-3.ch005","volume-title":"Dental Computing and Applications. Advanced techniques for clinical dentistry","author":"T Hierl","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hierl T, H\u00fcmpfner-Hierl H, Kruber D, G\u00e4bler T, Hemprich A, Wollny G. Requirements for a universal image analysis tool in dentistry and oral and maxillofacial surgery. In: Daskalaki A, editor. Dental Computing and Applications. Advanced techniques for clinical dentistry. Hershey, London: IGI Global; 2009. p. 79\u201389."},{"key":"78_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/0376-4583(85)90030-5","volume":"25","author":"JS Shockey","year":"1985","unstructured":"Shockey JS, Von Frauenhofer JA, Seligson D. A measurment of the coefficient of static friction of human long bones. Surf Technol. 1985;25:167\u201373.","journal-title":"Surf Technol"},{"key":"78_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-5096(88)90014-2","volume":"36","author":"A Becker","year":"1988","unstructured":"Becker A, Needleman A, Richmond O, Tvergaard V. Void growth and failure in notched bars. J Mech Phys Solids. 1988;36:317\u201351.","journal-title":"J Mech Phys Solids"},{"key":"78_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-5096(84)90031-0","volume":"32","author":"A Needleman","year":"1984","unstructured":"Needleman A, Tvergaard V. An analysis of ductile rupture in notched bars. J Mech Phys Solids. 1984;32:461\u201390.","journal-title":"J Mech Phys Solids"},{"key":"78_CR27","first-page":"26","volume":"86","author":"FJ Vecchio","year":"1989","unstructured":"Vecchio FJ. Nonlinear finite element analysis of reinforced concrete membranes. ACI Struct J. 1989;86:26\u201335.","journal-title":"ACI Struct J"},{"key":"78_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-9657.2011.01046.x","volume":"28","author":"N Pena Coto","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pena Coto N, Cruz Meira JB, Brito e Dias R, Driemeier L, de Oliveira Roveri G, Noritomi PY. Assesment of nose protector for sport activities: finite element analysis. Dent Traumatol. 2012;28:108\u201313.","journal-title":"Dent Traumatol"},{"key":"78_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3181c50f64","volume":"21","author":"TD Szwedowski","year":"2010","unstructured":"Szwedowski TD, Whyne CM, Fialkov JA. Towards characterization of craniofacial biomechanics. J Craniofac Surg. 2010;21:202\u20137.","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"78_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-3796-1_19","volume-title":"IUTAM Symposium on Impact Biomechanics: From Fundamental Insights to Applications","author":"H Delye","year":"2005","unstructured":"Delye H, Verschueren P, Depreitere B, Van Lierde C, Verpoest I, Berckmans D, et al. Biomechanics of frontal skull fracture. In: Gilchrist MD, editor. IUTAM Symposium on Impact Biomechanics: From Fundamental Insights to Applications. Dordrecht: Springer; 2005. p. 185\u201393."},{"key":"78_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-3796-1_44","volume-title":"IUTAM Symposium on Impact Biomechanics: From Fundamental Insights to Applications","author":"MC Doorly","year":"2005","unstructured":"Doorly MC, Horgan TJ, Gilchrist MD. Reconstruction of head injury cases arising from falls using the UCD brain trauma model. In: Gilchrist MD, editor. IUTAM Symposium on Impact Biomechanics: From Fundamental Insights to Applications. New York Dordrecht: Springer; 2005. p. 431\u201340."},{"key":"78_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1142\/9789812771384_0007","volume-title":"Biomechanical Systems Technology. Muscular Skeletal Systems","author":"P Choi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Choi P, Ling H, Zheng Y. Indentation technique for simultaneous estimation of Young\u2019s modulus and Poisson\u2019s ratio of soft tissue. In: Leondes CT, editor. Biomechanical Systems Technology. Muscular Skeletal Systems. Singapore: World Scientific Co; 2009. p. 227\u201344."},{"key":"78_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-3796-1_12","volume-title":"IUTAM Symposium on Impact Biomechanics: From Fundamental Insights to Applications","author":"DC Viano","year":"2005","unstructured":"Viano DC. Head impact biomechanics in sport. In: Gilchrist MD, editor. IUTAM Symposium on Impact Biomechanics: From Fundamental Insights to Applications. Dordrecht: Springer; 2005. p. 121\u201330."},{"key":"78_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-53920-6_3","volume-title":"Trauma Biomechanics. An Introduction to Injury Biomechanics","author":"K-U Schmitt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schmitt K-U, Niederer PF, Cronin DS, Muser MH, Walz F. Trauma Biomechanics. An Introduction to Injury Biomechanics. Heidelberg New York: Springer; 2014. p. 55\u201380."},{"key":"78_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-3796-1_18","volume-title":"IUTAM Symposium on Impact Biomechanics: From Fundamental Insights to Applications","author":"N Yoganandan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Zhang J, Gennarelli TA, Beuse N. Biomechanical Aspects of Blunt and Penetrating Head Injuries. In: Gilchrist MD, editor. IUTAM Symposium on Impact Biomechanics: From Fundamental Insights to Applications. Dordrecht: Springer; 2005. p. 173\u201384."},{"key":"78_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1269768","volume":"4","author":"EI Lee","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lee EI, Mohan K, Koshy JC, Hollier LH. Optimizing the surgical management of zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures. Sem Plast Surg. 2010;4:389\u201397.","journal-title":"Sem Plast Surg"},{"key":"78_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ogata H, Sakamoto Y, Kishi K: A new classification of zygomatic fracture featuring zygomaticofrontal suture: injury mechanism and a guide to treatment. Plastic Surgery Int J 2013, ID 383486 DOI:10.5171\/2013.383486","DOI":"10.5171\/2013.383486"}],"container-title":["Head & Face Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13005-015-0078-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13005-015-0078-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13005-015-0078-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13005-015-0078-5","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,11]],"date-time":"2023-08-11T12:43:58Z","timestamp":1691757838000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/head-face-med.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13005-015-0078-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,16]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}},"alternative-id":["78"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13005-015-0078-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1746-160X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1746-160X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 February 2015","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 June 2015","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 June 2015","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"21"}}