{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T20:14:49Z","timestamp":1793304889982,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668643200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Head Face Med"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The use of dental implants in the prosthetic rehabilitation of the posterior atrophic maxilla might be a challenge procedure because of low bone quantity and quality. This study aimed to report cases of implant displacement or migration into the maxillary sinus treated from 2008 to 2021.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>All patients with unintentional insertion and\/or displacement of dental implants into the maxillary sinus cavity that underwent surgical removal were included. Variables assessed included the patients\u2019 characteristics, past medical history, clinical and radiological findings at presentation, surgical approach (transoral, transnasal, combined), and outcome.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of forty patients (23 male, 17 female) underwent surgical removal of dental implant displaced in the maxillary sinus. The mean age was 52,3\u2009+\u200911,3\u00a0years. Seven patients presented with oro-antral fistula (OAF). In 15 cases, an ostium obstruction was diagnosed. Twenty-five patients underwent transoral surgery under local anesthesia. Eleven patients were treated solely via transnasal endoscopic approach, and four patients who had an associated OAF underwent surgery through a combined transnasal and transoral approach. All patients healed uneventfully without complications.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>These results and recent literature validate that transoral and transnasal approach, or a combination of these procedures, can be used safely to treat complications following displacement\/migration of dental implants in the maxillary sinus. Early surgical removal minimizes sinus inflammation and prevents more invasive procedures. Each procedure presents specific indications that must be carefully evaluated prior to treatment choice to optimize intervention outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13005-022-00339-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T06:02:52Z","timestamp":1668664972000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Removal of dental implants displaced into the maxillary sinus: a retrospective single-center study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Bennardo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selene","family":"Barone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Buffone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Colangeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Antonelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amerigo","family":"Giudice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"339_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/s13005-017-0154-0","volume":"13","author":"M Erkapers","year":"2017","unstructured":"Erkapers M, Segerstr\u00f6m S, Ekstrand K, et al. The influence of immediately loaded implant treatment in the atrophic edentulous maxilla on oral health related quality of life of edentulous patients: 3-year results of a prospective study. Head Face Med. 2017;13:21. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13005-017-0154-0.","journal-title":"Head Face Med"},{"key":"339_CR2","first-page":"739","volume":"34","author":"A Giudice","year":"2020","unstructured":"Giudice A, Bennardo F, Antonelli A, Barone S, Wagner F, Fortunato L, Traxler H. Influence of clinician\u2019s skill on primary implant stability with conventional and piezoelectric preparation techniques: an ex-vivo study. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2020;34:739\u201345.","journal-title":"J Biol Regul Homeost Agents"},{"key":"339_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12010108","volume":"12","author":"F Bennardo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bennardo F, Barone S, Vocaturo C, Nucci L, Antonelli A, Giudice A. Usefulness of magnetic mallet in oral surgery and implantology: a systematic review. J Pers Med. 2022;12:108.","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"issue":"23","key":"339_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8623","DOI":"10.3390\/app10238623","volume":"10","author":"A Antonelli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Antonelli A, Bennardo F, Brancaccio Y, Barone S, Femiano F, Nucci L, Minervini G, Fortunato L, Attanasio F, Giudice A. Can bone compaction improve primary implant stability? an in vitro comparative study with osseodensification technique. Appl Sci. 2020;10(23):8623.","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"key":"339_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9352130","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/9352130","volume":"2018","author":"T Lombardi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lombardi T, Bernardello F, Berton F, Porrelli D, Rapani A, CamurriPiloni A, Fiorillo L, Di Lenarda R, Stacchi C. Efficacy of alveolar ridge preservation after maxillary molar extraction in reducing crestal bone resorption and sinus pneumatization: a multicenter prospective case-control study. Biomed Res Int. 2018;2018:9352130.","journal-title":"Biomed Res. Int."},{"key":"339_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e85","DOI":"10.11607\/prd.4497","volume":"40","author":"C Stacchi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Stacchi C, Spinato S, Lombardi T, Bernardello F, Bertoldi C, Zaffe D, Nevins M. Minimally invasive management of implant-supported rehabilitation in the posterior maxilla, part I. sinus floor elevation: biologic principles and materials. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2020;40:e85\u201393.","journal-title":"Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent"},{"key":"339_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365809","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/365809","volume":"2012","author":"T Testori","year":"2012","unstructured":"Testori T, Drago L, Wallace SS, Capelli M, Galli F, Zuffetti F, Parenti A, Deflorian M, Fumagalli L, Weinstein RL, Maiorana C, Di Stefano D, Valentini P, Giann\u00ec AB, Chiapasco M, Vinci R, Pignataro L, Mantovani M, Torretta S, Pipolo C, Felisati G, Padoan G, Castelnuovo P, Mattina R, Del Fabbro M. Prevention and treatment of postoperative infections after sinus elevation surgery: clinical consensus and recommendations. Int J Dent. 2012;2012:365809.","journal-title":"Int J Dent"},{"key":"339_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2019.04.004","volume":"47","author":"L Khachatryan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Khachatryan L, Khachatryan G, Hakobyan G, Khachatryan A. Simultaneous endoscopic endonasal sinus surgery and sinus augmentation with immediate implant placement: a retrospective clinical study of 23 patients. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2019;47:1233\u20132124.","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"339_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1563\/AAID-JOI-D-12-00272","volume":"41","author":"A Giudice","year":"2015","unstructured":"Giudice A, Colangeli W, Barca I, Riccelli U, Novembre D, Cristofaro MG. Accidental displacement and migration of an endosseous implant into submandibular fossa. J Oral Implantol. 2015;41:323\u20135.","journal-title":"J Oral Implantol"},{"key":"339_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001885","volume":"12","author":"EI Benchimol","year":"2015","unstructured":"Benchimol EI, Smeeth L, Guttmann A, Harron K, Moher D, Petersen I, S\u00f8rensen HT, von Elm E, Langan SM. The REporting of studies Conducted using Observational Routinely-collected health Data (RECORD) statement. PLoS Med. 2015;12: e1001885.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"339_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2009.09.001","volume":"38","author":"M Chiapasco","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chiapasco M, Felisati G, Maccari A, Borloni R, Gatti F, Di Leo F. The management of complications following displacement of oral implants in the paranasal sinuses: a multicenter clinical report and proposed treatment protocols. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009;38:1273\u20138.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"339_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2011.02278.x","volume":"23","author":"P Galindo-Moreno","year":"2012","unstructured":"Galindo-Moreno P, Padial-Molina M, Avila G, Rios HF, Hern\u00e1ndez-Cort\u00e9s P, Wang HL. Complications associated with implant migration into the maxillary sinus cavity. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012;23:1152\u201360.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"339_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.05.002","volume":"48","author":"HM Sallam","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sallam HM, Khalifa GA, Khalifa FA. Dynamics of implant site preparation affecting the quality of osseointegrated implants in the maxillary aesthetic zone. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2020;48:645\u201352.","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"339_CR14","first-page":"745","volume":"18","author":"GM Raghoebar","year":"2003","unstructured":"Raghoebar GM, Vissink A. Treatment for an endosseous implant migrated into the maxillary sinus not causing maxillary sinusitis: case report. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2003;18:745\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"339_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2007.01489.x","volume":"19","author":"M Chiapasco","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chiapasco M, Zaniboni M, Rimondini L. Dental implants placed in grafted maxillary sinuses: a retrospective analysis of clinical outcome according to the initial clinical situation and a proposal of defect classification. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2008;19:416\u201328.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"339_CR16","first-page":"291","volume":"20","author":"P Galindo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Galindo P, S\u00e1nchez-Fern\u00e1ndez E, Avila G, Cutando A, Fernandez JE. Migration of implants into the maxillary sinus: two clinical cases. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2005;20:291\u20135.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"339_CR17","first-page":"1170","volume":"27","author":"T Testori","year":"2012","unstructured":"Testori T, Weinstein RL, Taschieri S, Del Fabbro M. Risk factor analysis following maxillary sinus augmentation: a retrospective multicenter study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2012;27:1170\u20136.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"339_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2009.01894.x","volume":"21","author":"A Griffa","year":"2010","unstructured":"Griffa A, Viterbo S, Boffano P. Endoscopic-assisted removal of an intraorbital dislocated dental implant. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2010;21:778\u201380.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"339_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e119","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e31824cda32","volume":"23","author":"TdS Santos","year":"2012","unstructured":"Santos TdS, Antunes AA, Vajgel A, Cavalcanti TBB, Nogueira LRGdC, Filho JRL. Foreign Body Ingestion During Dental Implant Procedures. J Craniofac Surg. 2012;23(2):e119-23.","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg."},{"key":"339_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e38","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2009.00175.x","volume":"11","author":"L Ridaura-Ruiz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ridaura-Ruiz L, Figueiredo R, Guinot-Moya R, Pi\u00f1era-Penalva M, Sanchez-Garc\u00e9s MA, Valmaseda-Castell\u00f3n E, Gay-Escoda C. Accidental displacement of dental implants into the maxillary sinus: a report of nine cases. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2009;11:e38\u201345.","journal-title":"Clin Implant Dent Relat Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"339_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.11607\/jomi.2894","volume":"28","author":"E Matti","year":"2013","unstructured":"Matti E, Emanuelli E, Pusateri A, Muniz C, Pagella F. Transnasal endoscopic removal of dental implants from the maxillary sinus. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2013;28(3):905\u201310.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"issue":"1","key":"339_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1111\/cid.12244","volume":"18","author":"N Sgaramella","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sgaramella N, Tartaro G, D\u2019Amato S, Santagata M, Colella G. Displacement of dental implants into the maxillary sinus: a retrospective study of twenty-one patients. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2016;18(1):62\u201372.","journal-title":"Clin Implant Dent Relat Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"339_CR23","first-page":"427","volume":"9","author":"MA de Jong","year":"2016","unstructured":"de Jong MA, Rushinek H, Eliashar R. Removal of dental implants displaced into the maxillary sinus: a case series. Eur J Oral Implantol. 2016;9(4):427\u201333.","journal-title":"Eur J Oral Implantol"},{"issue":"6","key":"339_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e112","DOI":"10.11607\/prd.3328","volume":"38","author":"Y Manor","year":"2018","unstructured":"Manor Y, Anavi Y, Gershonovitch R, Lorean A, Mijiritsky E. Complications and management of implants migrated into the maxillary sinus. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2018;38(6):e112\u20138.","journal-title":"Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent"},{"key":"339_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2020.01.009","volume":"49","author":"A Safadi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Safadi A, Ungar OJ, Oz I, Koren I, Abergel A, Kleinman S. Endoscopic sinus surgery for dental implant displacement into the maxillary sinus\u2014a retrospective clinical study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020;49:966\u201372.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"339_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e214","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.21024","volume":"21","author":"N Lozano-Carrascal","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lozano-Carrascal N, Salom\u00f3-Coll O, Gilabert-Cerd\u00e0 M, Farr\u00e9-Pag\u00e9s N, Gargallo-Albiol J, Hern\u00e1ndez-Alfaro F. Effect of implant macro-design on primary stability: a prospective clinical study. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2016;21(2):e214\u201321.","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"key":"339_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198901000-00001","volume":"99","author":"SD Schaefer","year":"1989","unstructured":"Schaefer SD, Manning S, Close LG. Endoscopic paranasal sinus surgery: indications and considerations. Laryngoscope. 1989;99:1\u20135.","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"339_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1054\/jcms.2002.0279","volume":"30","author":"F Biglioli","year":"2002","unstructured":"Biglioli F, Goisis M. Access to the maxillary sinus using a bone flap on a mucosal pedicle: preliminary report. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2002;30:255\u20139.","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"339_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199802000-00001","volume":"108","author":"BA Senior","year":"1998","unstructured":"Senior BA, Kennedy DW, Tanabodee J, Kroger H, Hassab M, Lanza D. Long-term results of functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Laryngoscope. 1998;108:151\u20137.","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"339_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2010.03.001","volume":"43","author":"ZM Soler","year":"2010","unstructured":"Soler ZM, Smith TL. Quality of life outcomes after functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2010;43:605\u201312.","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"12","key":"339_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.12276","volume":"25","author":"F Biglioli","year":"2014","unstructured":"Biglioli F, Chiapasco M. An easy access to retrieve dental implants displaced into the maxillary sinus: the bony window technique. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2014;25(12):1344\u201351.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"}],"container-title":["Head &amp; Face Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13005-022-00339-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13005-022-00339-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13005-022-00339-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T06:03:42Z","timestamp":1668665022000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/head-face-med.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13005-022-00339-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["339"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13005-022-00339-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1746-160X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1746-160X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 April 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 October 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 November 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The ethical approval was obtained by the Ethical Review Board of Central Calabria (Prot. No. 171\/2020). All patients enrolled for the study signed an informed consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Patients provided informed consent regarding publishing their data and photographs.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests related to this study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"34"}}