{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T22:18:55Z","timestamp":1781043535754,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]],"date-time":"2024-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711497600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]],"date-time":"2024-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Head Face Med"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Nasal airway stenosis may lie anterior and\/or posterior to the piriform aperture. We intended to compare the nasal airway anterior and posterior to the piriform aperture in patients with and without nasal obstruction.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Segmented computed tomography cross-sectional areas of the nasal airway anterior (CT-CSA<jats:sub>ant<\/jats:sub>) and posterior to the piriform aperture (at the level of the head of the inferior turbinate; CT-CSA<jats:sub>post<\/jats:sub>) were compared between patients with nasal obstruction (cases) and trauma controls. CT-CSA were approximately perpendicular to the direction of the nasal airflow. Anterior to the piriform aperture, they were tilted about 30<jats:sup>o<\/jats:sup>, 60<jats:sup>o<\/jats:sup> and 90<jats:sup>o<\/jats:sup> to the nasal floor. Posterior to the piriform aperture, they were tilted about 50<jats:sup>o<\/jats:sup>, 80<jats:sup>o<\/jats:sup> and 100<jats:sup>o<\/jats:sup> to the nasal floor. In cases, we examined the Pearson\u2019s correlation of active anterior rhinomanometry with CT-CSA<jats:sub>ant<\/jats:sub> and CT-CSA<jats:sub>post<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Narrow and bilateral CT-CSA<jats:sub>post<\/jats:sub> were similarly large between 56 cases and 56 controls (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.2). On the contrary, narrow and bilateral CT-CSA<jats:sub>ant<\/jats:sub> were significantly smaller in cases than in controls (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The ratio of the size of CT-CSA<jats:sub>ant\u221230<\/jats:sub> to that of CT-CSA<jats:sub>post\u221280<\/jats:sub> was significantly lower in cases (median: 0.84; lower to upper quartile: 0.55\u20131.13) than in controls (1.0; 0.88\u20131.16; Mann-Whitney U test; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.006). Bilateral CT-CSA<jats:sub>ant<\/jats:sub> correlated significantly with total inspiratory flow (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.026) in contrast to bilateral CT-CSA<jats:sub>post<\/jats:sub> (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.056).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The nasal airway anterior to the piriform aperture was smaller in patients with nasal obstruction due to skeletal nasal stenosis than that in controls. On the contrary, the nasal airway posterior to the piriform aperture was similarly large between patients with and without nasal obstruction. Furthermore, in patients with nasal obstruction, the anterior nasal airway was narrower compared to that located posterior to it. On the contrary, control patients\u2019 anterior nasal airway was as large as the posterior one.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13005-024-00420-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]],"date-time":"2024-03-27T03:02:02Z","timestamp":1711508522000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["CT comparison of the nasal airway anterior and posterior to the piriform aperture in patients with and without nasal obstruction"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Helen","family":"Heppt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7255-0672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerlig","family":"Widmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8157-0552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix","family":"Riechelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1211-3996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annette","family":"Runge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5013-6158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Herbert","family":"Riechelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4162-4261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aris I.","family":"Giotakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"420_CR1","unstructured":"Galarza-Paez L, Marston G, Downs BW. 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