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Green recycling of cotton could contribute to a circular economy. One of the economic values of cotton wastes lies in their bioactive components. Two types of cotton wastes\u2014agricultural and industrial\u2014of the species <jats:italic>Gossypium barbadense<\/jats:italic> L. Giza 95 were targeted in the current study, aiming to maximize their medicinal value and investigate the anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant activities of their phytochemical extracts. Phytochemical extraction was performed using different solvents extraction. An anti-inflammatory effect was tested in carrageenan-induced acute edema in a rat paw model. A carbon tetrachloride chronic model of liver injury was used for the assessment of hepatoprotective potential. Liver enzymes (AST and ALT), oxidative stress markers (MDA and GSH), inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein), and histopathological features were investigated. As a result, ethyl acetate proved to be the solvent of best choice to extract the gossypin polyphenolics, where the extracted amount reached 14,826.2\u00a0\u00b5g\/g, followed by butanol (8751.4\u00a0\u00b5g\/g extract). The chloroform (CHCL<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>) fraction showed the highest amounts of gossypol (190.7\u00a0\u00b5g\/g extract), followed by petroleum ether. Cotton waste\u2019s composition analysis showed a wide range of components, including 33 metabolites such as gossypetin, polyphenolics, and other metabolites that possess therapeutic effects. Both chloroform extract and industrial waste extracts showed superior anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects in comparison to other extracts. All tested extracts (ethyl acetate, chloroform, and industrial waste) showed proper antioxidant activities.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p><jats:bold>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13007-024-01181-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T09:02:58Z","timestamp":1713344578000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A comprehensive tool in recycling plant-waste of Gossypium barbadense L agricultural and industrial waste extracts containing gossypin and gossypol: hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Mona A.","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nagat M.","family":"Amer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heba M. 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Ethical issues including: Plagiarisms, misconduct, data fabrication, falsification, double publication or redundancy were considered by the authors. All animals received humane care according to the criteria outlined in the \"Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals\" prepared by the National Academy of Sciences and published by the National Institutes of Health (NIH publication 86\u201323 revised 1985). Experiments were performed according to the National Regulations of Animal Welfare and the Institutional Animal Ethical Committee (IAEC). 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