{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T11:16:51Z","timestamp":1784287011853,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]],"date-time":"2022-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646611200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]],"date-time":"2022-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Radiat Oncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In-field dermatitis is a severe and common adverse effect of radiation therapy, that can cause significant pain and treatment interruptions in patients with squamous cell anal carcinoma (SCAC) being treated with radical chemoradiation protocols. There are no established therapies for the treatment of radiation induced dermatitis. Photobiomodulation (PBM) is an effective and low-cost treatment for radiation induced mucositis, but have recently been explored to treat in-field dermatitis. We present a case report of the successful use of PBM for the treatment of dermatitis in the anal area in a patient with SCAC treated with concomitant chemoradiation with curative intent and follow with a literature review of the recent advances and possibilities of the use of PBM as a promising strategy. PBM therapy proved to be efficient in the radiodermatitis treatment, both in relieving the symptoms and controlling dermatitis, in addition to improving the patient's quality of life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014-022-02015-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]],"date-time":"2022-03-07T14:03:09Z","timestamp":1646661789000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Photobiomodulation as a treatment for dermatitis caused by chemoradiotherapy for squamous cell anal carcinoma: case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6789-8295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabiana","family":"Hottz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Herchenhorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana","family":"Lenzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinicius","family":"Freire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Pinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2015_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1308\/rcsann.2018.0202","volume":"101","author":"A Ghareeb","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ghareeb A, Paramasevon K, Mokool P, et al. Toxicity and survival of anal cancer patients treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2019;101:168\u201375.","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"issue":"2","key":"2015_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.2478\/v10019-012-0022-2","volume":"46","author":"I Oblak","year":"2012","unstructured":"Oblak I, Petric P, Anderlub F, et al. Long-term outcome after combined modality treatment for anal cancer. Radiol Oncol. 2012;46(2):145\u201352.","journal-title":"Radiol Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2015_CR3","first-page":"375","volume":"128","author":"C Kronborg","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kronborg C, Serup-Hansen E, Lefevre A. Prospective evaluation of acute toxicity and patient reported outcomes in anal cancer and plan optimization. Anal Cancer. 2018;128(2):375\u20139.","journal-title":"Anal Cancer"},{"key":"2015_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1102\/1470-7330.2004.0003","volume":"4","author":"A Taylor","year":"2004","unstructured":"Taylor A, Powell MEB. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy\u2014what is it? Cancer Imaging. 2004;4:68\u201373.","journal-title":"Cancer Imaging"},{"issue":"9","key":"2015_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clon.2016.04.039","volume":"28","author":"I De Francesco","year":"2016","unstructured":"De Francesco I, Thomas K, Wedlake L, Tait D. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy and anal cancer: clinical outcome and late toxicity assessment. Clin Oncol. 2016;28(9):604\u201310.","journal-title":"Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2015_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soc.2017.01.004","volume":"26","author":"SA Castaneda","year":"2017","unstructured":"Castaneda SA, Romak LB. Radiotherapy for anal cancer intensity-modulated radiotherapy and future directions. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2017;26:467\u201375.","journal-title":"Surg Oncol Clin N Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"2015_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-016-0186-4","volume":"17","author":"M Singh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Singh M, et al. Radiodermatitis: a review of our current understanding. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2016;17(3):277\u201392.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"2015_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soc.2016.07.004","volume":"26","author":"EB Ludmir","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ludmir EB, Kachnic LA, Czito BG. Evolution and management of treatment- related toxicity in anal cancer. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2017;26:91\u2013113.","journal-title":"Surg Oncol Clin N Am"},{"issue":"7","key":"2015_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.22804","volume":"50","author":"J Robijns","year":"2018","unstructured":"Robijns J, et al. Prevention of acute radiodermatitis by photobiomodulation: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial in breast cancer patients (TRANSDERMIS trial). Lasers Surg Med. 2018;50(7):763\u201371.","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2015_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2014.06.061","volume":"90","author":"K Han","year":"2014","unstructured":"Han K, Cummings BJ, Lindsay P, et al. Prospective evaluation of acute toxicity and quality of life after IMRT and concurrent chemotherapy for anal canal and perianal cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2014;90(3):587\u201394.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"2015_CR11","unstructured":"Bastos LJD. Prevalence of radiodermatitis in patients with anal canal cancer and rectum and risk factors associated with severe radiodermatitis. Rio de Janeiro, s.n., p. 34. https:\/\/pesquisa.bvsalud.org\/portal\/resource\/pt\/biblio-1147982 (2019)."},{"issue":"4","key":"2015_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.3747\/co.20.1356","volume":"20","author":"P Haddad","year":"2013","unstructured":"Haddad P, Amouzgar-Hashemi F, Samsami S, et al. Aloe Vera for prevention of radiation-induced dermatitis: a self-controlled clinical trial. Curr Oncol. 2013;20(4):345\u20138.","journal-title":"Curr Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2015_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2014.09.020","volume":"41","author":"S Fogh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fogh S, Yom SS. Symptom management during the radiation oncology treatment course: a practical guide for the oncology clinician. Semin Oncol. 2014;41(6):764\u201375.","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"key":"2015_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2015.10.022","volume":"52","author":"HS Antunes","year":"2016","unstructured":"Antunes HS, Schluckebier LF, Herchenhorn D, et al. Cost- effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in head and neck cancer patients receiving concurrent chemoradiation. Oral Oncol. 2016;52:85\u201390.","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2015_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1089\/photob.2019.4761","volume":"38","author":"J Robijins","year":"2020","unstructured":"Robijins J, Lodewijckx J, Bensadoun R-J, Mebis JA. Narrative review on the use of photobiomodulation therapy for the prevention and management of acute radiodermatitis: proposed mechanisms, current clinical outcomes, and preliminary guidance for clinical studies. Photomed Laser Surg. 2020;38(6):332\u20139.","journal-title":"Photomed Laser Surg"},{"issue":"20","key":"2015_CR16","first-page":"1","volume":"20","author":"MR Hamblin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hamblin MR, Nelson ST, Strahan JR. Photobiomodulation and cancer: what is the truth? Photomed Laser Surg. 2018;20(20):1\u20135.","journal-title":"Photomed Laser Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"2015_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3015","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-019-05041-3","volume":"27","author":"MT Genot-Klatersky","year":"2020","unstructured":"Genot-Klatersky MT, Paesmans M, Ameye L, et al. Retrospective evaluation of the safety of low-level laser therapy\/photobiomodulation in patients with head\/neck cancer. Support Care Cancer. 2020;27(7):3015\u201322.","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"2015_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8279","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.3582","volume":"9","author":"R Bensadoun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bensadoun R, Epstein JB, Nair RG. Safety and efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy in oncology: a systematic review. Cancer Med. 2020;9:8279\u2013300.","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"2015_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physio.2016.02.006","volume":"102","author":"KY Lin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lin KY, Frawley HC, Denehy L, Feil D, Granger CL. Exercise intervention for patients with gynecological cancer: ma systematic review and meta-analysis. Physiotherapy. 2016;102:309\u201319.","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"key":"2015_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-0910-7","volume":"48","author":"A Blazy","year":"2005","unstructured":"Blazy A, Hennequin C, et al. Anal carcinomas in HIV-positive patients: high-dose chemoradiotherapy is feasible in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Dis Colon Rectum. 2005;48:1176\u201381.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"2015_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soc.2003.12.003","volume":"13","author":"JM Berry","year":"2004","unstructured":"Berry JM, Palefsky JM, Welton ML. Anal cancer and its precursors in HIV-positive patients: perspectives and management. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2004;13:355\u201373.","journal-title":"Surg Oncol Clin N Am"},{"issue":"8","key":"2015_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2168.1999.01184.x","volume":"86","author":"SR Brown","year":"1999","unstructured":"Brown SR, Skinner P, Tidy J, et al. Outcome after surgical resection for high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia (Bowen\u2019s disease). Br J Surg. 1999;86(8):1063\u20136.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2015_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-14-1","volume":"14","author":"RJ Chan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chan RJ, et al. Prevention and treatment of acute radiation-induced skin reactions: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMC Cancer. 2014;14(1):1\u201319.","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"2015_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ad.2016.09.011","volume":"108","author":"IH Arag\u00fc\u00e9s","year":"2017","unstructured":"Arag\u00fc\u00e9s IH, Perez AP, Fernandez RS. Inflammatory skin conditions associated with radiotherapy. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2017;108(3):209\u201320.","journal-title":"Actas Dermosifiliogr"},{"issue":"1","key":"2015_CR25","first-page":"275","volume":"65","author":"CC Costa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Costa CC, Lyra JS, Nakamura RA, Souza CM. Radiodermatitis: analysis of predictive factors in breast cancer patients. Rev Bras Cancerol. 2019;65(1):275.","journal-title":"Rev Bras Cancerol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2015_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2012.09.023","volume":"86","author":"LA Kachnic","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kachnic LA, Winter K, Myerson RJ, et al. RTOG 0529: a phase II evaluation of dose-painted intensity modulated radiation therapy in combination with 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin-C for the reduction of acute morbidity in carcinoma of the anal canal. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2013;86(1):27\u201333.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"2015_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S188655","volume":"11","author":"J Wei","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wei J, Meng L, Hou X, et al. Radiation-induced skin reactions: mechanism and treatment. Cancer Manag Res. 2019;11:167\u201377.","journal-title":"Cancer Manag Res"},{"key":"2015_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2933","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-013-1896-2","volume":"21","author":"RKS Wong","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wong RKS, Bensadoun R-J, Boers-Doets CB, Bryce J, Chan A, Epstein JB, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and treatment of acute and late radiation reactions from the MASCC Skin Toxicity Study Group. Support Care Cancer. 2013;21:2933\u201348.","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"2015_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2021.03.002","volume":"158","author":"J Robijns","year":"2021","unstructured":"Robijns J, et al. Photobiomodulation therapy for the prevention of acute radiation dermatitis in head and neck cancer patients (DERMISHEAD trial). Radiother Oncol. 2021;158:268\u201375.","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2015_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1515\/plm-2016-0009","volume":"5","author":"M Gobbo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gobbo M, Ottaviani G, Rupel K, Biasoto M. Can laser therapy be the answer for radiodermatitis in anal cancer patients? Two case reports. Photon Lasers Med. 2016;5(3):225\u201330.","journal-title":"Photon Lasers Med"},{"key":"2015_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2017.05.018","volume":"71","author":"HS Antunes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Antunes HS, Herchenhorn D, Small IA, et al. Long-term survival of a randomized phase III trial of head and neck cancer patients receiving concurrent chemoradiation therapy with or without low-level laser therapy (LLLT) to prevent oral mucositis. Oral Oncol. 2017;71:11\u20135.","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2015_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.201800025","volume":"11","author":"M Migliario","year":"2018","unstructured":"Migliario M, et al. Near infrared low-level laser therapy and cell proliferation: the emerging role of redox sensitive signal transduction pathways. J Biophotonics. 2018;11(11):1\u20137.","journal-title":"J Biophotonics"}],"container-title":["Radiation Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13014-022-02015-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13014-022-02015-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13014-022-02015-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]],"date-time":"2022-03-07T14:06:44Z","timestamp":1646662004000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ro-journal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13014-022-02015-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2015"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13014-022-02015-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1748-717X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1748-717X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 December 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 February 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 March 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Consent for publication was obtained from the patient described in this article.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"49"}}