{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T05:47:02Z","timestamp":1791870422566,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708992000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82172865"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82172865"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Start-up fund of Shandong Cancer Hospital","award":["2020-B14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-B14"]}]},{"name":"Clinical Research Special Fund of Wu Jieping Medical Foundation","award":["320.6750.2021-02-51 and 320.6750.2021-17-13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["320.6750.2021-02-51 and 320.6750.2021-17-13"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2022QH023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2022QH023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Radiat Oncol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Platinum-etoposide chemotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been recommended as the first-line standard treatment for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). However, the effect of thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) on these patients is still unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TRT for ES-SCLC patients who responded to first-line ICIs and chemotherapy (CHT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients who received 4 to 6 cycles of ICIs and CHT as first-line therapy at three hospitals between 2018 and 2022 were included in the analysis. All patients were divided into two groups based on whether they received TRT as first-line treatment, and propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to ensure that the characteristics of two groups were well-balanced. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary endpoint was toxic effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 276 patients were included, and the median follow-up time was 22.3 (range, 4.0-53.73) months. After PSM, 197 patients were further analysed, and 99 of whom received TRT. The baseline characteristics were well-balanced between patients in the TRT and non-TRT groups. There were significant differences in PFS between the TRT and non-TRT groups, with the median PFS of 10.76 and 7.63 months, respectively (P\u2009=\u20090.014). Significantly improved OS was observed in the TRT group (21.67 vs. 16.6 months, P\u2009=\u20090.009). In addition, the use of TRT was an independent prognostic factor for PFS and OS of ES-SCLC patients receiving ICIs plus CHT. In terms of safety, no significant increase of any grades adverse event (AE) (P\u2009=\u20090.874) and G3-4 AE (P\u2009=\u20090.909) was observed for patients receiving TRT. Radiation esophagitis, gastrointestinal and hematologic toxicities were the most common AEs in TRT group, which were tolerable. And high-dose radiotherapy was associated with higher incidence of pneumonitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Addition of TRT showed significant survival benefits and well tolerability in ES-SCLC patients receiving platinum-etoposide CHT and ICIs, which could be a feasible first-line treatment strategy for ES-SCLC patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014-024-02420-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T10:02:34Z","timestamp":1709028154000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Efficacy and safety of thoracic radiotherapy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer patients receiving first-line immunotherapy plus chemotherapy: a propensity score matched multicentre retrospective analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Yueyuan","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Butuo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiting","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linlin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linlin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"2420_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neo.2017.07.007","volume":"19","author":"B Oronsky","year":"2017","unstructured":"Oronsky B, Reid TR, Oronsky A, Carter CA. What\u2019s New in SCLC? A review. Neoplasia. 2017;19(10):842\u20137.","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"issue":"1","key":"2420_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-01571-0","volume":"7","author":"S Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang S, Tang J, Sun T, et al. Survival changes in patients with small cell lung cancer and disparities between different sexes, socioeconomic statuses and ages. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):1339.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"11","key":"2420_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1985.3.11.1471","volume":"3","author":"WK Evans","year":"1985","unstructured":"Evans WK, Shepherd FA, Feld R, Osoba D, Dang P, Deboer G. VP-16 and cisplatin as first-line therapy for small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 1985;3(11):1471\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2420_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2019.10.021","volume":"31","author":"AS Mansfield","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mansfield AS, Kazarnowicz A, Karaseva N, et al. Safety and patient-reported outcomes of atezolizumab, carboplatin, and etoposide in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (IMpower133): a randomized phase I\/III trial. Ann Oncol. 2020;31(2):310\u20137.","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"10212","key":"2420_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1929","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32222-6","volume":"394","author":"L Paz-Ares","year":"2019","unstructured":"Paz-Ares L, Dvorkin M, Chen Y, et al. Durvalumab plus platinum-etoposide versus platinum-etoposide in first-line treatment of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (CASPIAN): a randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2019;394(10212):1929\u201339.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"2420_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(22)00224-8","volume":"23","author":"J Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang J, Zhou C, Yao W, et al. Adebrelimab or placebo plus carboplatin and etoposide as first-line treatment for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (CAPSTONE-1): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2022;23(6):739\u201347.","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2420_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.16464","volume":"328","author":"Y Cheng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cheng Y, Han L, Wu L, et al. Effect of First-Line Serplulimab vs Placebo added to Chemotherapy on Survival in patients with extensive-stage small cell Lung Cancer: the ASTRUM-005 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2022;328(12):1223\u201332.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"21","key":"2420_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2369","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.20.00793","volume":"38","author":"CM Rudin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rudin CM, Awad MM, Navarro A, et al. Pembrolizumab or Placebo Plus Etoposide and Platinum as First-Line therapy for extensive-stage small-cell Lung Cancer: Randomized, Double-Blind, phase III KEYNOTE-604 study. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(21):2369\u201379.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"15suppl","key":"2420_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9000","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2020.38.15_suppl.9000","volume":"38","author":"T Leal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Leal T, Wang Y, Dowlati A, et al. Randomized phase II clinical trial of cisplatin\/carboplatin and etoposide (CE) alone or in combination with nivolumab as frontline therapy for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC): ECOG-ACRIN EA5161. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(15suppl):9000\u20130.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"31","key":"2420_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3740","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2016.67.6601","volume":"34","author":"M Reck","year":"2016","unstructured":"Reck M, Luft A, Szczesna A, et al. Phase III Randomized Trial of Ipilimumab Plus Etoposide and Platinum Versus Placebo Plus Etoposide and Platinum in extensive-stage small-cell Lung Cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34(31):3740\u20138.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2420_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.18.00264","volume":"37","author":"TK Owonikoko","year":"2019","unstructured":"Owonikoko TK, Dahlberg SE, Sica GL, et al. Randomized Phase II Trial of Cisplatin and Etoposide in Combination with Veliparib or Placebo for extensive-stage small-cell Lung Cancer: ECOG-ACRIN 2511 study. J Clin Oncol. 2019;37(3):222\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"15suppl","key":"2420_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9066","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2020.38.15_suppl.9066","volume":"38","author":"P Deng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Deng P, Yang H, Chen C, et al. The efficacy and safety profile of anlotinib with etoposide plus cisplatin\/carboplatin in treatment-naive extensive-stage small cell lung cancer(SCLC) patients: results from a phase II single-arm trial. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(15suppl):9066\u20136.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2420_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2016.69.4844","volume":"35","author":"M Tiseo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tiseo M, Boni L, Ambrosio F, Italian M, Phase III, et al. Randomized study of Cisplatin Plus Etoposide with or without Bevacizumab as First-Line treatment in extensive-disease small-cell Lung Cancer: the GOIRC-AIFA FARM6PMFJM Trial. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(12):1281\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"23","key":"2420_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5423","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.26206","volume":"117","author":"H Zhu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhu H, Zhou Z, Wang Y, et al. Thoracic radiation therapy improves the overall survival of patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer with distant metastasis. Cancer. 2011;117(23):5423\u201331.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2420_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1159\/000262474","volume":"42","author":"B Jeremic","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jeremic B, Casas F, Wang L, Perin B. Radiochemotherapy in extensive disease small cell lung cancer ED-SCLC. Front Radiat Ther Oncol. 2010;42:180\u20136.","journal-title":"Front Radiat Ther Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2420_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2092","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1999.17.7.2092","volume":"17","author":"B Jeremic","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jeremic B, Shibamoto Y, Nikolic N, et al. Role of radiation therapy in the combined-modality treatment of patients with extensive disease small-cell lung cancer: a randomized study. J Clin Oncol. 1999;17(7):2092\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2420_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2011.08.042","volume":"102","author":"D Yee","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yee D, Butts C, Reiman A, et al. Clinical trial of post-chemotherapy consolidation thoracic radiotherapy for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer. Radiother Oncol. 2012;102(2):234\u20138.","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"issue":"9962","key":"2420_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61085-0","volume":"385","author":"BJ Slotman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Slotman BJ, van Tinteren H, Praag JO, et al. Use of thoracic radiotherapy for extensive stage small-cell lung cancer: a phase 3 randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2015;385(9962):36\u201342.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"2420_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cllc.2011.03.028","volume":"12","author":"ME Giuliani","year":"2011","unstructured":"Giuliani ME, Atallah S, Sun A, et al. Clinical outcomes of extensive stage small cell lung carcinoma patients treated with consolidative thoracic radiotherapy. Clin Lung Cancer. 2011;12(6):375\u20139.","journal-title":"Clin Lung Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"2420_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8577","DOI":"10.4238\/2014.January.24.7","volume":"13","author":"C Wu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wu C, Wang T, Wang J, Qu B, Wang H, Hu Y. Effect of radiotherapy on the treatment of patients with extensive stage small cell lung cancer. Genet Mol Res. 2014;13(4):8577\u201385.","journal-title":"Genet Mol Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"2420_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cllc.2019.06.014","volume":"20","author":"S Tian","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tian S, Zhang X, Jiang R, et al. Survival outcomes with thoracic radiotherapy in extensive-stage small-cell lung Cancer: a propensity score-matched analysis of the National Cancer Database. Clin Lung Cancer. 2019;20(6):484\u2013493e486.","journal-title":"Clin Lung Cancer"},{"issue":"11 Suppl","key":"2420_CR22","first-page":"81","volume":"10","author":"DS Ettinger","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ettinger DS, Cox JD, Ginsberg RJ, et al. NCCN Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Practice guidelines. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Oncol (Williston Park). 1996;10(11 Suppl):81\u2013111.","journal-title":"Oncol (Williston Park)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2420_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2020.02.009","volume":"10","author":"CB Simone II","year":"2020","unstructured":"Simone CB 2nd, Bogart JA, Cabrera AR, et al. Radiation Therapy for Small Cell Lung Cancer: an ASTRO Clinical Practice Guideline. Pract Radiat Oncol. 2020;10(3):158\u201373.","journal-title":"Pract Radiat Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2420_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2016.05.002","volume":"2","author":"S Demaria","year":"2016","unstructured":"Demaria S, Coleman CN, Formenti SC. Radiotherapy: changing the game in Immunotherapy. Trends Cancer. 2016;2(6):286\u201394.","journal-title":"Trends Cancer"},{"key":"2420_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00193","volume":"10","author":"H Menon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Menon H, Ramapriyan R, Cushman TR, et al. Role of Radiation Therapy in Modulation of the Tumor Stroma and Microenvironment. Front Immunol. 2019;10:193.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2420_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30391-X","volume":"9","author":"W Theelen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Theelen W, Chen D, Verma V, et al. Pembrolizumab with or without radiotherapy for metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: a pooled analysis of two randomised trials. Lancet Respir Med. 2021;9(5):467\u201375.","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"16","key":"2420_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2291","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.14553","volume":"13","author":"ZC Zhou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhou ZC, Chen KY, Li N, et al. Real-world utilization of PD-1\/PD-L1 inhibitors with palliative radiotherapy in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Thorac Cancer. 2022;13(16):2291\u2013300.","journal-title":"Thorac Cancer"},{"key":"2420_CR28","unstructured":"Amin MB, Edge SB, Greene FL et al. AJCC cancer staging manual Vol 1024: Springer; 2017."},{"issue":"3","key":"2420_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-5002(02)00072-7","volume":"37","author":"P Micke","year":"2002","unstructured":"Micke P, Faldum A, Metz T, et al. Staging small cell lung cancer: Veterans Administration Lung Study Group versus International Association for the study of Lung Cancer\u2014what limits limited disease? Lung Cancer. 2002;37(3):271\u20136.","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"issue":"740","key":"2420_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-62-740-679","volume":"62","author":"JF Fowler","year":"1989","unstructured":"Fowler JF. The linear-quadratic formula and progress in fractionated radiotherapy. Br J Radiol. 1989;62(740):679\u201394.","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2420_CR31","first-page":"71","volume":"13","author":"B Jones","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jones B, Dale RG, Deehan C, Hopkins KI, Morgan DA. The role of biologically effective dose (BED) in clinical oncology. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2001;13(2):71\u201381.","journal-title":"Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol)"},{"issue":"5","key":"2420_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2004.04.007","volume":"59","author":"M Guerrero","year":"2004","unstructured":"Guerrero M, Li XA, Earl MA, Sarfaraz M, Kiggundu E. Simultaneous integrated boost for breast cancer using IMRT: a radiobiological and treatment planning study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004;59(5):1513\u201322.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"issue":"2","key":"2420_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2008.10.026","volume":"45","author":"EA Eisenhauer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Eisenhauer EA, Therasse P, Bogaerts J, et al. New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours: revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1). Eur J Cancer. 2009;45(2):228\u201347.","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"2420_CR34","unstructured":"Shah S. Common terminology criteria for adverse events. 2022."},{"issue":"12","key":"2420_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2021.0058","volume":"19","author":"AKP Ganti","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ganti AKP, Loo BW, Bassetti M, et al. Small cell Lung Cancer, Version 2.2022, NCCN Clinical Practice guidelines in Oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2021;19(12):1441\u201364.","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Canc Netw"},{"issue":"23","key":"2420_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2220","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1809064","volume":"379","author":"L Horn","year":"2018","unstructured":"Horn L, Mansfield AS, Szczesna A, et al. First-line atezolizumab plus chemotherapy in extensive-stage small-cell Lung Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2018;379(23):2220\u20139.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2420_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3018","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.03018","volume":"9","author":"F Eckert","year":"2018","unstructured":"Eckert F, Schilbach K, Klumpp L, et al. Potential role of CXCR4 targeting in the context of Radiotherapy and Immunotherapy of Cancer. Front Immunol. 2018;9:3018.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"7652","key":"2420_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22079","volume":"545","author":"AC Huang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Huang AC, Postow MA, Orlowski RJ, et al. T-cell invigoration to tumour burden ratio associated with anti-PD-1 response. Nature. 2017;545(7652):60\u20135.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"9","key":"2420_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2015.2756","volume":"1","author":"S Demaria","year":"2015","unstructured":"Demaria S, Golden EB, Formenti SC. Role of local Radiation Therapy in Cancer Immunotherapy. JAMA Oncol. 2015;1(9):1325\u201332.","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2420_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1002\/1878-0261.12658","volume":"14","author":"M Mondini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mondini M, Levy A, Meziani L, Milliat F, Deutsch E. Radiotherapy-immunotherapy combinations - perspectives and challenges. Mol Oncol. 2020;14(7):1529\u201337.","journal-title":"Mol Oncol"},{"issue":"20","key":"2420_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1709937","volume":"377","author":"SJ Antonia","year":"2017","unstructured":"Antonia SJ, Villegas A, Daniel D, et al. Durvalumab after Chemoradiotherapy in Stage III Non-small-cell Lung Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(20):1919\u201329.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2420_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2019.10.024","volume":"15","author":"SH Lin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lin SH, Lin Y, Yao L, et al. Phase II trial of Concurrent Atezolizumab with Chemoradiation for Unresectable NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol. 2020;15(2):248\u201357.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2420_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.01308","volume":"40","author":"DR Spigel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Spigel DR, Faivre-Finn C, Gray JE, et al. Five-year survival outcomes from the PACIFIC Trial: Durvalumab after Chemoradiotherapy in Stage III Non-small-cell Lung Cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2022;40(12):1301\u201311.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2420_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Welsh J, Menon H, Chen D et al. Pembrolizumab with or without radiation therapy for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: a randomized phase I\/II trial. J Immunother Cancer 2020;8(2).","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2020-001001"},{"issue":"2","key":"2420_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100883","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adro.2021.100883","volume":"7","author":"BH Diamond","year":"2022","unstructured":"Diamond BH, Verma N, Shukla UC, Park HS, Koffer PP. Consolidative thoracic Radiation Therapy after First-Line chemotherapy and immunotherapy in extensive-stage small cell Lung Cancer: a multi-institutional Case Series. Adv Radiat Oncol. 2022;7(2):100883.","journal-title":"Adv Radiat Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2420_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-023-10784-8","volume":"23","author":"L Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li L, Yang D, Min Y, et al. First-line atezolizumab\/durvalumab plus platinum-etoposide combined with radiotherapy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer. BMC Cancer. 2023;23(1):318.","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"16suppl","key":"2420_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20611","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2022.40.16_suppl.e20611","volume":"40","author":"L Zhou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhou L, Sun J, Xie C, et al. Efficacy and safety of low-dose radiotherapy (LDRT) concurrent atezolizumab plus chemotherapy as first-line therapy for ES-SCLC: interim analysis of phase II MATCH trial. J Clin Oncol. 2022;40(16suppl):e20611\u20131.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2420_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2019.10.001","volume":"15","author":"JW Welsh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Welsh JW, Heymach JV, Chen D, et al. Phase I trial of Pembrolizumab and Radiation Therapy after induction chemotherapy for extensive-stage small cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol. 2020;15(2):266\u201373.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2420_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2016.68.2005","volume":"35","author":"J Naidoo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Naidoo J, Wang X, Woo KM, et al. Pneumonitis in patients treated with Anti-programmed Death-1\/Programmed death Ligand 1 therapy. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(7):709\u201317.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2420_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2018.08.2035","volume":"13","author":"K Suresh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Suresh K, Voong KR, Shankar B, et al. Pneumonitis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer patients receiving Immune Checkpoint Immunotherapy: incidence and risk factors. J Thorac Oncol. 2018;13(12):1930\u20139.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2420_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1159\/000503566","volume":"98","author":"J Galant-Swafford","year":"2020","unstructured":"Galant-Swafford J, Troesch A, Tran L, Weaver A, Doherty TA, Patel SP. Landscape of Immune-related pneumonitis in Cancer patients with Asthma being treated with Immune Checkpoint Blockade. Oncology. 2020;98(2):123\u201330.","journal-title":"Oncology"},{"key":"2420_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2018.09.015","volume":"125","author":"JY Cho","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cho JY, Kim J, Lee JS, et al. Characteristics, incidence, and risk factors of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer. 2018;125:150\u20136.","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"2420_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2018.11.016","volume":"14","author":"K Suresh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Suresh K, Psoter KJ, Voong KR, et al. Impact of checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis on Survival in NSCLC patients receiving Immune Checkpoint Immunotherapy. J Thorac Oncol. 2019;14(3):494\u2013502.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"key":"2420_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175883592092203","DOI":"10.1177\/1758835920922033","volume":"12","author":"P Cui","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cui P, Huang D, Wu Z, et al. Association of immune-related pneumonitis with the efficacy of PD-1\/PD-L1 inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol. 2020;12:1758835920922033.","journal-title":"Ther Adv Med Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2420_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cllc.2019.07.006","volume":"20","author":"J Fukihara","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fukihara J, Sakamoto K, Koyama J, et al. Prognostic impact and risk factors of Immune-related pneumonitis in patients with non-small-cell Lung Cancer who received programmed death 1 inhibitors. Clin Lung Cancer. 2019;20(6):442\u2013450e444.","journal-title":"Clin Lung Cancer"},{"key":"2420_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2018.02.017","volume":"119","author":"D Fujimoto","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fujimoto D, Yoshioka H, Kataoka Y, et al. Efficacy and safety of nivolumab in previously treated patients with non-small cell lung cancer: a multicenter retrospective cohort study. Lung Cancer. 2018;119:14\u201320.","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"2420_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2016.12.016","volume":"104","author":"T Kato","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kato T, Masuda N, Nakanishi Y, et al. Nivolumab-induced interstitial lung disease analysis of two phase II studies patients with recurrent or advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer. 2017;104:111\u20138.","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"2420_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2018.06.032","volume":"123","author":"CH Suh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Suh CH, Park HS, Kim KW, Pyo J, Hatabu H, Nishino M. Pneumonitis in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor: Meta-analysis of 153 cohorts with 15,713 patients: Meta-analysis of incidence and risk factors of EGFR-TKI pneumonitis in NSCLC. Lung Cancer. 2018;123:60\u20139.","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"2420_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.12.150","volume":"112","author":"Y Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang Y, Zhang T, Huang Y, et al. Real-world safety and efficacy of consolidation Durvalumab after Chemoradiation Therapy for Stage III Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: a systematic review and Meta-analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2022;112(5):1154\u201364.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"}],"container-title":["Radiation Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13014-024-02420-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13014-024-02420-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13014-024-02420-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T11:07:52Z","timestamp":1709032072000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ro-journal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13014-024-02420-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2420"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13014-024-02420-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1748-717X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1748-717X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 October 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 February 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 February 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors are accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (as revised in 2013). The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute (NO. SDTHEC2021003186) and individual consent for this retrospective analysis was waived.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"25"}}