{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T16:28:20Z","timestamp":1792686500115,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]],"date-time":"2021-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624406400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]],"date-time":"2021-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Orthop Surg Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The preoperative prevalence of deep venous thromboembolism (DVT) of patella fracture is not well established. The study aimed to investigate the preoperative prevalence, the associated risk factors, and the locations of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients with closed patella fracture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients who sustained closed patella fracture between January 1, 2016, and April 1, 2019, were included. Blood analyses and ultrasonography of bilateral lower extremities were routinely performed. Data of demographics, comorbidities, mechanism of injury, fracture type, total hospital stay, time from injury to DVT, and laboratory indexes were prospectively collected and compared between groups with and with non-DVT. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the independent risk factors of DVT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among the study cohort of 790 patients, 35 cases occurred in preoperative DVTs, indicating a prevalence of 4.4%, with 3.2% distal and 1.2% proximal DVT. Age \u2265 65 years old (OR, 3.0, 95% CI, 1.1\u20138.1), D-dimer &gt; 0.5 mg\/L (OR, 2.3, 95% CI, 1.1\u20134.8), and albumin &lt; 35\u2009g\/L (OR, 2.5, 95% CI, 1.2\u20135.3) were identified to be risk factors of DVT in closed patella fracture. Among the DVTs, 30 cases (85.7%) occurred in the injured extremity, 3 cases (8.6%) in bilateral extremities, and 2 cases (5.7%) solely in the uninjured extremity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of preoperative DVT in closed patella fracture was 4.4%, with 3.2% for distal and 1.2% for proximal DVT. We recommend individualized risk stratification and early anticoagulation for patients with risk factors (age \u2265 65 years, D-dimer &gt; 0.5 mg\/L and albumin &lt; 35g\/L).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-021-02558-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]],"date-time":"2021-06-23T04:04:17Z","timestamp":1624421057000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Prevalence and risk factors of preoperative deep venous thrombosis in closed patella fracture: a prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Zhanchao","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongzhi","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongzheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuchuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingze","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"2558_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2006.04.130","volume":"37","author":"CM Court-Brown","year":"2006","unstructured":"Court-Brown CM, Caesar B. Epidemiology of adult fractures: a review. Injury. 2006;37(8):691\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2006.04.130.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"3","key":"2558_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-018-3985-9","volume":"43","author":"Y Zhu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhu Y, Liu S, Chen W, Wang L, Zhang X, Zhang Y. Socioeconomic factors and individual lifestyles influencing the incidence of patella fractures: a national population-based survey in China. Int Orthop. 2019;43(3):687\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-018-3985-9.","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"6","key":"2558_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1154","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20160811-01","volume":"39","author":"P Larsen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Larsen P, Court-Brown CM, Vedel JO, Vistrup S, Elsoe R. Incidence and epidemiology of patellar fractures. Orthopedics. 2016;39(6):e1154\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/01477447-20160811-01.","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"issue":"6","key":"2558_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e747","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20181010-08","volume":"41","author":"JL Henrichsen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Henrichsen JL, Wilhem SK, Siljander MP, Kalma JJ, Karadsheh MS. Treatment of patella fractures. Orthopedics. 2018;41(6):e747\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/01477447-20181010-08.","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2558_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2015.11.013","volume":"47","author":"S Johnson-Lynn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Johnson-Lynn S, Ngu A, Holland J, Carluke I, Fearon P. The effect of delay to surgery on morbidity, mortality and length of stay following periprosthetic fracture around the hip. Injury. 2016;47(3):725\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2015.11.013.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"3","key":"2558_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-013-0267-5","volume":"39","author":"M Muhm","year":"2013","unstructured":"Muhm M, Arend G, Ruffing T, Winkler H. Mortality and quality of life after proximal femur fracture-effect of time until surgery and reasons for delay. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2013;39(3):267\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-013-0267-5.","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"2558_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.87B3.15300","volume":"87","author":"I Weller","year":"2005","unstructured":"Weller I, et al. The effect of hospital type and surgical delay on mortality after surgery for hip fracture. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2005;87(3):361\u20136.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"10","key":"2558_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-016-2535-4","volume":"136","author":"K Song","year":"2016","unstructured":"Song K, Yao Y, Rong Z, Shen Y, Zheng M, Jiang Q. The preoperative incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and its correlation with postoperative DVT in patients undergoing elective surgery for femoral neck fractures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2016;136(10):1459\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-016-2535-4.","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2558_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15006","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.6","volume":"1","author":"AS Wolberg","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wolberg AS, Rosendaal FR, Weitz JI, Jaffer IH, Agnelli G, Baglin T, et al. Venous thrombosis. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015;1(1):15006. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrdp.2015.6.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"2558_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199402000-00004","volume":"299","author":"PA Lotke","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lotke PA, Steinberg ME, Ecker ML. Significance of deep venous thrombosis in the lower extremity after total joint arthroplasty. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1994;299:25\u201330.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"2558_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e318241090d","volume":"72","author":"BR Moed","year":"2012","unstructured":"Moed BR, Miller JR, Tabaie SA. Sequential duplex ultrasound screening for proximal deep venous thrombosis in asymptomatic patients with acetabular and pelvic fractures treated operatively. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2012;72(2):443\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/TA.0b013e318241090d.","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2558_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-021-02259-y","volume":"16","author":"Y Zhu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhu Y, Chen W, Li J, Zhao K, Zhang J, Meng H, et al. Incidence and locations of preoperative deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of lower extremity following tibial plateau fractures: a prospective cohort study. J Orthop Surg Res. 2021;16(1):113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-021-02259-y.","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"2558_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e242","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000568","volume":"30","author":"JR Williams","year":"2016","unstructured":"Williams JR, Little MTM, Kramer PA, Benirschke SK. Incidence of preoperative deep vein thrombosis in calcaneal fractures. J Orthop Trauma. 2016;30(7):e242\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000568.","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"7","key":"2558_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2018.05.018","volume":"49","author":"H Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang H, Kandemir U, Liu P, Zhang H, Wang PF, Zhang BF, et al. Perioperative incidence and locations of deep vein thrombosis following specific isolated lower extremity fractures. Injury. 2018;49(7):1353\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2018.05.018.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"10","key":"2558_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.09.003","volume":"50","author":"JA Warren","year":"2019","unstructured":"Warren JA, Sundaram K, Hampton R, Billow D, Patterson B, Piuzzi NS. Venous thromboembolism rates remained unchanged in operative lower extremity orthopaedic trauma patients from 2008 to 2016. Injury. 2019;50(10):1620\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2019.09.003.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"3","key":"2558_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000210453.70742.7f","volume":"61","author":"GA Iskander","year":"2006","unstructured":"Iskander GA, et al. Incidence and propagation of infrageniculate deep venous thrombosis in trauma patients. J Trauma. 2006;61(3):695\u2013700. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.ta.0000210453.70742.7f.","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"2 Suppl","key":"2558_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e278S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-2404","volume":"141","author":"Y Falck-Ytter","year":"2012","unstructured":"Falck-Ytter Y, Francis CW, Johanson NA, Curley C, Dahl OE, Schulman S, et al. Prevention of VTE in orthopedic surgery patients: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2012;141(2 Suppl):e278S\u2013325S. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.11-2404.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"3","key":"2558_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976","volume":"3","author":"J Lai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y, Cai Z, Hu J, Wei N, et al. Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(3):e203976. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976.","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"8","key":"2558_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002966","volume":"129","author":"HL Gornik","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gornik HL, Sharma AM. Duplex ultrasound in the diagnosis of lower-extremity deep venous thrombosis. Circulation. 2014;129(8):917\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002966.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"2558_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-013-0266-6","volume":"39","author":"S Decker","year":"2013","unstructured":"Decker S, Weaver MJ. Deep venous thrombosis following different isolated lower extremity fractures: what is known about prevalences, locations, risk factors and prophylaxis? Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2013;39(6):591\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-013-0266-6.","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2558_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-021-04145-4","volume":"22","author":"S Niu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Niu S, Li J, Zhao Y, Ding D, Jiang G, Song Z. Preoperative deep venous thrombosis (DVT) after femoral neck fracture in the elderly, the incidence, timing, location and related risk factors. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2021;22(1):264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-021-04145-4.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"2558_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107602962098686","DOI":"10.1177\/1076029620986862","volume":"27","author":"SW Qu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Qu SW, et al. Deep vein thrombosis in the uninjured lower extremity: a retrospective study of 1454 patients with lower extremity fractures. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2021;27:1076029620986862.","journal-title":"Clin Appl Thromb Hemost"},{"issue":"1","key":"2558_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2015.56.1.139","volume":"56","author":"SY Lee","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lee SY, Ro DH, Chung CY, Lee KM, Kwon SS, Sung KH, et al. Incidence of deep vein thrombosis after major lower limb orthopedic surgery: analysis of a nationwide claim registry. Yonsei Med J. 2015;56(1):139\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3349\/ymj.2015.56.1.139.","journal-title":"Yonsei Med J"},{"issue":"6","key":"2558_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12533","volume":"13","author":"L Tan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tan L, Qi B, Yu T, Wang C. Incidence and risk factors for venous thromboembolism following surgical treatment of fractures below the hip: a meta-analysis. Int Wound J. 2016;13(6):1359\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/iwj.12533.","journal-title":"Int Wound J"},{"issue":"10","key":"2558_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e349","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000336","volume":"29","author":"SJ Park","year":"2015","unstructured":"Park SJ, Kim CK, Park YS, Moon YW, Lim SJ, Kim SM. Incidence and factors predicting venous thromboembolism after surgical treatment of fractures below the hip. J Orthop Trauma. 2015;29(10):e349\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000336.","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"2558_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-020-02089-4","volume":"15","author":"J Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang J, Zhao K, Li J, Meng H, Zhu Y, Zhang Y. Age over 65 years and high levels of C-reactive protein are associated with the risk of preoperative deep vein thrombosis following closed distal femur fractures: a prospective cohort study. J Orthop Surg Res. 2020;15(1):559. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-020-02089-4.","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2558_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.91B3.20820","volume":"91","author":"DP Goel","year":"2009","unstructured":"Goel DP, et al. Prophylaxis of deep-vein thrombosis in fractures below the knee: a prospective randomised controlled trial. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2009;91(3):388\u201394.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"2558_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S161191","volume":"13","author":"BF Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang BF, Wei X, Huang H, Wang PF, Liu P, Qu SW, et al. Deep vein thrombosis in bilateral lower extremities after hip fracture: a retrospective study of 463 patients. Clin Interv Aging. 2018;13:681\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CIA.S161191.","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"issue":"13","key":"2558_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa023153","volume":"349","author":"PS Wells","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wells PS, Anderson DR, Rodger M, Forgie M, Kearon C, Dreyer J, et al. Evaluation of D-dimer in the diagnosis of suspected deep-vein thrombosis. N Engl J Med. 2003;349(13):1227\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa023153.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2558_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.13648","volume":"15","author":"E Bj\u00f8ri","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bj\u00f8ri E, Johnsen HS, Hansen JB, Braekkan SK. D-dimer at venous thrombosis diagnosis is associated with risk of recurrence. J Thromb Haemost. 2017;15(5):917\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jth.13648.","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"10","key":"2558_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2011.060657","volume":"97","author":"RA Douma","year":"2012","unstructured":"Douma RA, Tan M, Schutgens REG, Bates SM, Perrier A, Legnani C, et al. Using an age-dependent D-dimer cut-off value increases the number of older patients in whom deep vein thrombosis can be safely excluded. Haematologica. 2012;97(10):1507\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3324\/haematol.2011.060657.","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"may03 1","key":"2558_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"f2492","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f2492","volume":"346","author":"HJ Schouten","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schouten HJ, Geersing GJ, Koek HL, Zuithoff NPA, Janssen KJM, Douma RA, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of conventional or age adjusted D-dimer cut-off values in older patients with suspected venous thromboembolism: systematic review and meta-analysis. Bmj. 2013;346(may03 1):f2492. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.f2492.","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"key":"2558_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Reagh JJ, Zheng H, Stolz U, Parry BA, Chang AM, House SL, et al. Sex-related Differences in D-dimer Levels for Venous Thromboembolism Screening. Acad Emerg Med. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acem.14220.","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.14220"},{"issue":"6","key":"2558_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-008-0214-7","volume":"466","author":"FM Jaberi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jaberi FM, Parvizi J, Haytmanek TC, Joshi A, Purtill J. Procrastination of wound drainage and malnutrition affect the outcome of joint arthroplasty. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2008;466(6):1368\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-008-0214-7.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"2558_CR35","first-page":"27","volume":"39","author":"D Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee D, Lee R, Cross MT, Tran A, Kappa J, Moghtaderi S. Low serum albumin levels are associated with increased 30-day cardiopulmonary complications, reoperation, and readmission rates following total shoulder arthroplasty. Iowa Orthop J. 2019;39(2):27\u201334.","journal-title":"Iowa Orthop J"},{"issue":"8","key":"2558_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/13.8.2053","volume":"13","author":"SB Kim","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kim SB, et al. Effect of increasing serum albumin on haemostatic factors synthesized in the liver in CAPD patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1998;13(8):2053\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ndt\/13.8.2053.","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"2","key":"2558_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(99)70306-9","volume":"33","author":"SB Kim","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kim SB, Chi HS, Park JS, Hong CD, Yang WS. Effect of increasing serum albumin on plasma D-dimer, von Willebrand factor, and platelet aggregation in CAPD patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 1999;33(2):312\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0272-6386(99)70306-9.","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"2558_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jses.2019.07.003","volume":"3","author":"BE Lung","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lung BE, Kanjiya S, Bisogno M, Komatsu DE, Wang ED. Risk factors for venous thromboembolism in total shoulder arthroplasty. JSES Open Access. 2019;3(3):183\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jses.2019.07.003.","journal-title":"JSES Open Access"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13018-021-02558-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13018-021-02558-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13018-021-02558-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T06:42:58Z","timestamp":1672555378000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/josr-online.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13018-021-02558-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2558"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-021-02558-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1749-799X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1749-799X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 April 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 June 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 June 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the ethics committee of the 3rd hospital of Hebei Medical University. Informed consent was obtained from all the participants.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from each patient to authorize the publication of their data.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"404"}}