{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T04:24:50Z","timestamp":1772166290185,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]],"date-time":"2021-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625529600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]],"date-time":"2021-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Wenzhou Medical and Health Research Project","award":["2019B10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019B10"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Orthop Surg Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP), percutaneous mesh-container-plasty (PMCP), and pedicle screw fixation plus vertebroplasty (PSFV) were three methods for osteoporotic vertebral burst fractures (OVBF). The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the clinical safety and efficacy of PKP, PMCP, and PSFV for OVBFs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study included 338 consecutive patients with thoracolumbar OVBFs who underwent PKP (n = 111), PMCP (n = 109), or PSFV (n = 118) and compared their epidemiological data, surgical outcomes, and clinical and radiological features. Clinical evaluations of VAS and ODI and radiological evaluations of height restoration, deformity correction, cement leakage, and canal compromise were calculated preoperatively, postoperatively, and 2 years postoperatively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cement leakage (31\/111 vs. 13\/109 and 16\/118,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05) was significantly higher in group PKP than in groups PSFV and PMCP. VAS and ODI scores improved postoperatively from 7.04 \u00b1 1.15 and 67.11 \u00b1 13.49 to 2.27 \u00b1 1.04 and 22.00 \u00b1 11.20, respectively, in group PKP (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05); from 7.04 \u00b1 1.29 and 67.26 \u00b1 12.79 to 2.17 \u00b1 0.98 and 21.01 \u00b1 7.90, respectively, in group PMCP (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05); and from 7.10 \u00b1 1.37 and 67.36 \u00b1 13.11 to 3.19 \u00b1 1.06 and 33.81 \u00b1 8.81, respectively, in the PSFV group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). Moreover, postoperative VAS and ODI scores were significantly higher in group PSFV than in groups PKP and PMCP (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). However, VAS scores were not significantly different in the three groups 2 years postoperatively (\n                      <jats:italic>P &gt;<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.05). Postoperative anterior (81.04 \u00b1 10.18% and 87.51 \u00b1 8.94% vs. 93.46 \u00b1 6.42%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05) and middle vertebral body height ratio (83.01 \u00b1 10.16% and 87.79 \u00b1 11.62% vs. 92.38 \u00b1 6.00%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05) were significantly higher in group PSFV than in groups PMCP and PKP. Postoperatively, Cobb angle (10.04 \u00b1 4.26\u00b0 and 8.16 \u00b1 5.76\u00b0 vs. 4.97 \u00b1 4.60\u00b0,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05) and canal compromise (20.76 \u00b1 6.32 and 19.85 \u00b1 6.18 vs. 10.18 \u00b1 6.99,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05) were significantly lower in group PSFV than in groups PMCP and PKP.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite relatively worse radiological results, PMCP is a safe and minimally invasive surgical method that can obtain better short-term clinical results than PKP and PSFV for OVBFs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-021-02591-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]],"date-time":"2021-07-06T01:02:39Z","timestamp":1625533359000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Safety and efficacy studies of kyphoplasty, mesh-container-plasty, and pedicle screw fixation plus vertebroplasty for thoracolumbar osteoporotic vertebral burst fractures"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yimin","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunfan","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guangjie","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chengxuan","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiqiang","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9368-2228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaoqi","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"2591_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000953","volume":"77","author":"MG Fehlings","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fehlings MG, Tetreault L, Nater A, Choma T, Harrop J, Mroz T, et al. The aging of the global population: the changing epidemiology of disease and spinal disorders. Neurosurgery. 2015;77(Suppl 4):S1\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000953.","journal-title":"Neurosurgery."},{"issue":"6","key":"2591_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-010-1281-5","volume":"19","author":"A Kr\u00fcger","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kr\u00fcger A, Zettl R, Ziring E, Mann D, Schnabel M, Ruchholtz S. Kyphoplasty for the treatment of incomplete osteoporotic burst fractures. Eur Spine J. 2010;19(6):893\u2013900. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-010-1281-5.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"2","key":"2591_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20100104-17","volume":"33","author":"M Gan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gan M, Yang H, Zhou F, Zou J, Wang G, Mei X, et al. Kyphoplasty for the treatment of painful osteoporotic thoracolumbar burst fractures. Orthopedics. 2010;33(2):88\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/01477447-20100104-17.","journal-title":"Orthopedics."},{"issue":"4","key":"2591_CR4","first-page":"690","volume":"28","author":"A Hiwatashi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hiwatashi A, Westesson PL. Vertebroplasty for osteoporotic fractures with spinal canal compromise. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2007;28(4):690\u20132.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2591_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2511080854","volume":"251","author":"YJ Kim","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kim YJ, Lee JW, Park KW, Yeom JS, Jeong HS, Park JM, et al. Pulmonary cement embolism after percutaneous vertebroplasty in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: incidence, characteristics, and risk factors. Radiology. 2009;251(1):250\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.2511080854.","journal-title":"Radiology."},{"issue":"11","key":"2591_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1380","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185114556016","volume":"56","author":"J Niu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Niu J, Zhou H, Meng Q, Shi J, Meng B, Yang H. Factors affecting recompression of augmented vertebrae after successful percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty: a retrospective analysis. Acta Radiol. 2015;56(11):1380\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0284185114556016.","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2591_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.07.027","volume":"11","author":"MJ Nieuwenhuijse","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nieuwenhuijse MJ, Van Erkel AR, Dijkstra PD. Cement leakage in percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: identification of risk factors. Spine J. 2011;11(9):839\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.07.027.","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"3","key":"2591_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0151492","volume":"11","author":"C Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen C, Li D, Wang Z, Li T, Liu X, Zhong J. Safety and efficacy studies of vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty, and mesh-container-plasty for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures: preliminary report. PLoS One. 2016;11(3):e0151492. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0151492.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"2591_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.11.044","volume":"15","author":"JJ Verlaan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Verlaan JJ, Somers I, Dhert WJ, Oner FC. Clinical and radiological results 6 years after treatment of traumatic thoracolumbar burst fractures with pedicle screw instrumentation and balloon assisted endplate reduction. Spine J. 2015;15(6):1172\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.11.044.","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"4","key":"2591_CR10","first-page":"493","volume":"80","author":"S He","year":"2014","unstructured":"He S, Lin L, Tang X, Huang Y, Dai M, Peng M, et al. The treatment of osteoporotic thoracolumbar severe burst fractures with short pedicle screw fixation and vertebroplasty. Acta Orthop Belg. 2014;80(4):493\u2013500.","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Belg"},{"issue":"23","key":"2591_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2028","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3182a8a381","volume":"38","author":"AR Vaccaro","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vaccaro AR, Oner C, Kepler CK, Dvorak M, Schnake K, Bellabarba C, et al. AOSpine thoracolumbar spine injury classification system: fracture description, neurological status, and key modifiers. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2013;38(23):2028\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3182a8a381.","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"8","key":"2591_CR12","first-page":"271","volume":"66","author":"JC Fairbank","year":"1980","unstructured":"Fairbank JC, Couper J, Davies JB, O'Brien JP. The Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire. Physiotherapy. 1980;66(8):271\u20133.","journal-title":"Physiotherapy."},{"issue":"1","key":"2591_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-015-0322-5","volume":"10","author":"SA Ender","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ender SA, Eschler A, Ender M, Merk HR, Kayser R. Fracture care using percutaneously applied titanium mesh cages (OsseoFix\u00ae) for unstable osteoporotic thoracolumbar burst fractures is able to reduce cement-associated complications--results after 12 months. J Orthop Surg Res. 2015;10(1):175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-015-0322-5.","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2591_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.4.FOCUS14159","volume":"37","author":"J Bakhsheshian","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bakhsheshian J, Dahdaleh NS, Fakurnejad S, Scheer JK, Smith ZA. Evidence-based management of traumatic thoracolumbar burst fractures: a systematic review of nonoperative management. Neurosurg Focus. 2014;37(1):E1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2014.4.FOCUS14159.","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"issue":"12","key":"2591_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2711","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-014-3346-3","volume":"23","author":"X Song","year":"2014","unstructured":"Song X, Wang W, Yan Y, Zuo J, Yao N, Lin H. Clinical effect evaluation of percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with the spinal external fixator for the treatment of osteoporotic compressive fractures with posterior vertebral defect. Eur Spine J. 2014;23(12):2711\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-014-3346-3.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"4","key":"2591_CR16","first-page":"E411","volume":"16","author":"Y Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang Y, Huang F, Chen L, Ke ZY, Deng ZL. Clinical measurement of intravertebral pressure during vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty. Pain Physician. 2013;16(4):E411\u20138.","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"issue":"2","key":"2591_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.10.5937","volume":"197","author":"H Kamano","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kamano H, Hiwatashi A, Kobayashi N, Fuwa S, Takahashi O, Saida Y, et al. New vertebral compression fractures after prophylactic vertebroplasty in osteoporotic patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2011;197(2):451\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/AJR.10.5937.","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2591_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.03.016","volume":"14","author":"M Nakano","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nakano M, Kawaguchi Y, Kimura T, Hirano N. Transpedicular vertebroplasty after intravertebral cavity formation versus conservative treatment for osteoporotic burst fractures. Spine J. 2014;14(1):39\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.03.016.","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"1","key":"2591_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.5.FOCUS1495","volume":"37","author":"AV Zaryanov","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zaryanov AV, Park DK, Khalil JG, Baker KC, Fischgrund JS. Cement augmentation in vertebral burst fractures. Neurosurg Focus. 2014;37(1):E5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2014.5.FOCUS1495.","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"issue":"1","key":"2591_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3617","volume":"35","author":"C Xu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Xu C, Liu HX, Xu HZ. Analysis of related factors on the deformity correction of balloon kyphoplasty. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2014;35(1):202\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3174\/ajnr.A3617.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2591_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A1442","volume":"30","author":"A Hiwatashi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hiwatashi A, Westesson PL, Yoshiura T, et al. Kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty produce the same degree of height restoration. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2009;30(4):669\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3174\/ajnr.A1442.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2591_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-015-2737-3","volume":"39","author":"M Kanayama","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kanayama M, Oha F, Iwata A, Hashimoto T. Does balloon kyphoplasty improve the global spinal alignment in osteoporotic vertebral fracture. Int Orthop. 2015;39(6):1137\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-015-2737-3.","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"2591_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-015-0172-1","volume":"10","author":"YT Gu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gu YT, Zhu DH, Liu HF, Zhang F, McGuire R. Minimally invasive pedicle screw fixation combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty for preventing secondary fracture after vertebroplasty. J Orthop Surg Res. 2015;10:31.","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2591_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/foc.2005.18.3.6","volume":"18","author":"C Feltes","year":"2005","unstructured":"Feltes C, Fountas KN, Machinis T, Nikolakakos LG, Dimopoulos V, Davydov R, et al. Immediate and early postoperative pain relief after kyphoplasty without significant restoration of vertebral body height in acute osteoporotic vertebral fractures. Neurosurg Focus. 2005;18(3):e5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/foc.2005.18.3.6.","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"issue":"7","key":"2591_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1097\/01.RVI.0000163014.71889.16","volume":"16","author":"F McKiernan","year":"2005","unstructured":"McKiernan F, Faciszewski T, Jensen R. Does vertebral height restoration achieved at vertebroplasty matter. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2005;16(7):973\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.RVI.0000163014.71889.16.","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2591_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurad.2013.07.004","volume":"41","author":"SJ Hong","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hong SJ, Lee S, Yoon JS, Kim JH, Park YK. Analysis of intradiscal cement leakage during percutaneous vertebroplasty: multivariate study of risk factors emphasizing preoperative MR findings. J Neuroradiol. 2014;41(3):195\u2013201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurad.2013.07.004.","journal-title":"J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2591_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-011-1239-3","volume":"154","author":"J Walter","year":"2012","unstructured":"Walter J, Haciyakupoglu E, Waschke A, Kalff R, Ewald C. Cement leakage as a possible complication of balloon kyphoplasty--is there a difference between osteoporotic compression fractures (AO type A1) and incomplete burst fractures (AO type A3.1). Acta Neurochir. 2012;154(2):313\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00701-011-1239-3.","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"issue":"5","key":"2591_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.5.SPINE09813","volume":"13","author":"K Uchida","year":"2010","unstructured":"Uchida K, Nakajima H, Yayama T, Miyazaki T, Hirai T, Kobayashi S, et al. Vertebroplasty-augmented short-segment posterior fixation of osteoporotic vertebral collapse with neurological deficit in the thoracolumbar spine: comparisons with posterior surgery without vertebroplasty and anterior surgery. J Neurosurg Spine. 2010;13(5):612\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2010.5.SPINE09813.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"2591_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-017-5037-3","volume":"26","author":"M Girardo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Girardo M, Cinnella P, Gargiulo G, Viglierchio P, Rava A, Aleotti S. Surgical treatment of osteoporotic thoraco-lumbar compressive fractures: the use of pedicle screw with augmentation PMMA. Eur Spine J. 2017;26(Suppl 4):546\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-017-5037-3.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13018-021-02591-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13018-021-02591-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13018-021-02591-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]],"date-time":"2021-07-06T01:03:13Z","timestamp":1625533393000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/josr-online.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13018-021-02591-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2591"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-021-02591-3","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-527215\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1749-799X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1749-799X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 May 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 June 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 July 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was conducted with approval from the Ethics Committee of the Third affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Approval number: YJ2020006). Written informed consent to participate was obtained from all participants.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"We have obtained consent to publish from the participants.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"We confirm that we have read BioMed Central\u2019s guidance on competing interests. The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"434"}}