{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T11:57:56Z","timestamp":1788609476098,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,5]],"date-time":"2022-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,5]],"date-time":"2022-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hebei Youth Science and Technology Project","award":["No: 20210933"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No: 20210933"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Orthop Surg Res"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of locking plates versus interlocking intramedullary nails in the treatment of proximal humerus fractures to provide clinical data support and theoretical guidance.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Patients with proximal humerus fracture from the Third hospital of Shijiazhuang city and Third hospital of Hebei medical university and from January 2017 to June 2019 were selected, included and divided into the locking plate group and the interlocking intramedullary nail group according to the intervention received. Information pertaining to the perioperative period (operation time, hospital stay, blood loss, etc.) of patients in both groups was collected. VAS pain scores, shoulder activity Constant-Murley scores and postoperative complications were documented. The perioperative data of the two groups were compared, and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 was considered statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 64 patients were enrolled, including 36 patients in the locking plate group, with a mean age of 61.3\u2009\u00b1\u200913.9\u00a0years, while the mean age of the interlocking intramedullary nail group was 65.6\u2009\u00b1\u200911.2\u00a0years. There was no statistical difference in gender, affected side, injury mechanism and Neer classification between the two groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). However, the average operation time of the locking plate group was shorter than that of the interlocking nail group (84.9\u2009\u00b1\u200911.7 vs. 102.6\u2009\u00b1\u200922.1\u00a0min, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.00), and the intraoperative blood loss of the locking plate group (137.4\u2009\u00b1\u200916.8\u00a0ml) was higher than that of the interlocking nail group (72.5\u2009\u00b1\u200910.5\u00a0ml, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.00). There was no significant difference in the VAS score and Constant-Murley score between these two groups at the final follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Interlocking intramedullary nails are more minimally invasive than locking plates, but fracture reduction and fixation take longer. There was no significant difference in pain and shoulder function scores between the two internal fixation strategies for the treatment of proximal humerus fracture.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-022-03360-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,5]],"date-time":"2022-11-05T11:03:19Z","timestamp":1667646199000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Comparison of surgical efficacy of locking plates and interlocking intramedullary nails in the treatment of proximal humerus fractures"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Zheming","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linchao","family":"Sang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingting","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijun","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingchao","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"3360_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2006.04.130","volume":"37","author":"CM Court-Brown","year":"2006","unstructured":"Court-Brown CM, Caesar B. Epidemiology of adult fractures: a review. Injury. 2006;37(8):691\u20137.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"5","key":"3360_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/s0020-1383(00)00242-4","volume":"32","author":"A Misra","year":"2001","unstructured":"Misra A, Kapur R, Maffulli N. Complex proximal humeral fractures in adults\u2013a systematic review of management. Injury. 2001;32(5):363\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0020-1383(00)00242-4.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"23","key":"3360_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2172","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.J.00754","volume":"93","author":"AM Hatzidakis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hatzidakis AM, Shevlin MJ, Fenton DL, Curran-Everett D, Nowinski RJ, Fehringer EV. Angular-stable locked intramedullary nailing of two-part surgical neck fractures of the proximal part of the humerus. A multicenter retrospe ctive observational study. J Bone Joint Surg Am Vol. 2011;93(23):2172\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/JBJS.J.00754.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am Vol"},{"issue":"6","key":"3360_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2012.05.013","volume":"98","author":"A Roux","year":"2012","unstructured":"Roux A, Decroocq L, El Batti S, Bonnevialle N, Moineau G, Trojani C, et al. Epidemiology of proximal humerus fractures managed in a trauma center. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 2012;98(6):715\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otsr.2012.05.013.","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"3360_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2010.12.018","volume":"20","author":"P Olerud","year":"2011","unstructured":"Olerud P, Ahrengart L, Ponzer S, Saving J, Tidermark J. Internal fixation versus nonoperative treatment of displaced 3-part proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients: a randomized controlled trial. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2011;20(5):747\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2010.12.018.","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"3360_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/os.13421","author":"H Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang H, Liu Y, Wang D, He Y, Yao P, Lu T, et al. Predictive indicators for complications of proximal humerus fractures treated with locking plate or intramedullary nail fixation. Orthop Surg. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/os.13421.","journal-title":"Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"3360_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1302\/2058-5241.3.180005","volume":"3","author":"SM Lambert","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lambert SM. Ischaemia, healing and outcomes in proximal humeral fractures. EFORT Open Rev. 2018;3(5):304\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/2058-5241.3.180005.","journal-title":"EFORT Open Rev"},{"issue":"9","key":"3360_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2019.01.019","volume":"28","author":"KH Dang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dang KH, Ornell SS, Reyes G, Hussey M, Dutta AK. A new risk to the axillary nerve during percutaneous proximal humeral plate fixation using the synthes PHILOS aiming system. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2019;28(9):1795\u2013800. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2019.01.019.","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"3360_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2986","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-009-0916-5","volume":"467","author":"G Gradl","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gradl G, Dietze A, K\u00e4\u00e4b M, Hopfenm\u00fcller W, Mittlmeier T. Is locking nailing of humeral head fractures superior to locking plate fixation? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2009;467(11):2986\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-009-0916-5.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"3360_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197052060-00001","volume":"52","author":"CS Neer 2nd","year":"1970","unstructured":"Neer CS 2nd. Displaced proximal humeral fractures I. classification and evaluation. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1970;52(6):1077\u201389.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"3360_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2013.08.023","volume":"23","author":"Y Lopiz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lopiz Y, Garcia-Coiradas J, Garcia-Fernandez C, Marco F. Proximal humerus nailing: a randomized clinical trial between curvilinear and straight nails. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2014;23(3):369\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2013.08.023.","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"3360_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-017-3683-z","volume":"42","author":"Q Sun","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sun Q, Ge W, Li G, Wu J, Lu G, Cai M, et al. Locking plates versus intramedullary nails in the management of displaced proximal humeral fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Orthop. 2018;42(3):641\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-017-3683-z.","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"9","key":"3360_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e270","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000916","volume":"31","author":"W Lee","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee W, Park JY, Chun YM. Operative treatment of 2-part surgical neck fracture of the humerus: intramedullary nail versus locking compression plate with technical consideration. J Orthop Trauma. 2017;31(9):e270\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000916.","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"3360_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215145932110439","DOI":"10.1177\/21514593211043961","volume":"12","author":"G Bu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bu G, Sun W, Li J, Yang T, Li M, Wei W. MutiLoc nail versus philos plate in treating proximal humeral fractures: a retrospective study among the alderly. Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil. 2021;12:21514593211043960. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/21514593211043961.","journal-title":"Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil"},{"issue":"2","key":"3360_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-020-03678-y","volume":"142","author":"Y Lopiz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lopiz Y, Garriguez-Perez D, Martinez-Illan M, Garcia-Fernandez C, Marco F. Third-generation intramedullary nailing for displaced proximal humeral fractures in the elderly: quality of life, clinical results, and complications. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2022;142(2):227\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-020-03678-y.","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"3360_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2020.06.026","volume":"51","author":"T Helfen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Helfen T, Siebenburger G, Fleischhacker E, Gleich J, Bocker W, Ockert B. Operative treatment of 2-part surgical neck type fractures of the proximal humerus in the elderly: cement augmented locking plate PHILOS vs proximal humerus nail multiloc(R). Injurys. 2020;51(10):2245\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2020.06.026.","journal-title":"Injurys"},{"issue":"11","key":"3360_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1978","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.06.029","volume":"50","author":"M Kloub","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kloub M, Holub K, Urban J, Latal P, Peml M, Krivohlavek M. Intramedullary nailing of displaced four-part fractures of the proximal humerus. Injury. 2019;50(11):1978\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2019.06.029.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"3","key":"3360_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e3180333094","volume":"21","author":"MJ Gardner","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gardner MJ, Weil Y, Barker JU, Kelly BT, Helfet DL, Lorich DG. The importance of medial support in locked plating of proximal humerus fractures. J Orthop Trauma. 2007;21(3):185\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BOT.0b013e3180333094.","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"5","key":"3360_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2015.11.016","volume":"25","author":"MF Dilisio","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dilisio MF, Nowinski RJ, Hatzidakis AM, Fehringer EV. Intramedullary nailing of the proximal humerus: evolution, technique, and results. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2016;25(5):e130\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2015.11.016.","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"3360_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2021.12.022","volume":"53","author":"MS Davey","year":"2022","unstructured":"Davey MS, Hurley ET, Anil U, Condren S, Kearney J, O\u2019Tuile C, et al. Management options for proximal humerus fractures - a systematic review & network meta-analysis of randomized control trials. Injury. 2022;53(2):244\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2021.12.022.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"11","key":"3360_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2012.08.004","volume":"43","author":"F Matassi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Matassi F, Angeloni R, Carulli C, Civinini R, Di Bella L, Redl B, et al. Locking plate and fibular allograft augmentation in unstable fractures of proximal humerus. Injury. 2012;43(11):1939\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2012.08.004.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"2","key":"3360_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2011.04.003","volume":"43","author":"F Hardeman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hardeman F, Bollars P, Donnelly M, Bellemans J, Nijs S. Predictive factors for functional outcome and failure in angular stable osteosynthesis of the proximal humerus. Injury. 2012;43(2):153\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2011.04.003.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"3360_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.101B3.BJJ-2018-0802.R1","author":"SH Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee SH, Han SS, Yoo BM, Kim JW. Outcomes of locking plate fixation with fibular allograft augmentation for proximal humeral fractures in osteoporotic patients: comparsison with locking plate fixation alone. Bone Joint J. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620X.101B3.BJJ-2018-0802.R1.","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"issue":"5","key":"3360_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2016.02.003","volume":"25","author":"ME Gracitelli","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gracitelli ME, Malavolta EA, Assuncao JH, Kojima KE, dos Reis PR, Silva JS, et al. Locking intramedullary nails compared with locking plates for two- and three-part proximal humeral surgical neck fractures: a randomized controlled trial. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2016;25(5):695\u2013703. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2016.02.003.","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13018-022-03360-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13018-022-03360-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13018-022-03360-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,5]],"date-time":"2022-11-05T11:10:58Z","timestamp":1667646658000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/josr-online.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13018-022-03360-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,5]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3360"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-022-03360-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1749-799X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1749-799X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 September 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 October 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 November 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of The Third hospital of Shijiazhuang city before data collection and analysis. The committee waived the requirement for written informed consent because this present study was retrospective.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing financial interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"481"}}