{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T05:19:36Z","timestamp":1770959976512,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722902400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Orthop Surg Res"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-024-04911-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T08:05:08Z","timestamp":1722931508000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Effects of pain exacerbation on postural control in women with patellofemoral pain during single leg squat: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Ali","family":"Yalfani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Ahadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamadreza","family":"Ahmadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"4911_CR1","first-page":"254","volume":"52","author":"A Yalfani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yalfani A, Ahmadi M. Patients with patellofemoral pain exhibiting decrease vertical ground reaction force compared to healthy individuals during weight bearing tasks: a systematic reviews and meta-analysis. Iran J Public Health. 2023;52(2):254.","journal-title":"Iran J Public Health"},{"key":"4911_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2024.02.003","volume":"67","author":"A Yalfani","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yalfani A, Ahadi F, Ahmadi M, Asgarpoor A. Relationship between exacerbating patellofemoral pain and dynamic knee valgus in females with patellofemoral pain after a patellofemoral joint loading protocol: a cross-sectional. Phys Ther Sport. 2024;67:13\u20138.","journal-title":"Phys Ther Sport"},{"key":"4911_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2023.102720","volume":"63","author":"NC Silva","year":"2023","unstructured":"Silva NC, de Castro Silva M, Tambur\u00fas NY, Guimar\u00e3es MG, de Oliveira Nascimento MB, Felicio LR. Adding neuromuscular training to a strengthening program did not produce additional improvement in clinical or kinematic outcomes in women with patellofemoral pain: a blinded randomised controlled trial. Musculoskelet Sci Pract. 2023;63:102720.","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Sci Pract"},{"key":"4911_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2024.04.026","volume":"40","author":"A Yalfani","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yalfani A, Ahmadi M. Effect of neurofeedback training on psychological features and plantar pressure distribution symmetry in patients with patellofemoral pain: a ransdomized controlled trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2024;40:141\u20137.","journal-title":"J Bodyw Mov Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"4911_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0190892","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0190892","volume":"13","author":"BE Smith","year":"2018","unstructured":"Smith BE, Selfe J, Thacker D, Hendrick P, Bateman M, Moffatt F, Rathleff MS, Smith TO, Logan P. Incidence and prevalence of patellofemoral pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(1):e0190892.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"6","key":"4911_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1123\/jab.2015-0048","volume":"31","author":"D De Oliveira Silva","year":"2015","unstructured":"De Oliveira Silva D, Briani R, Pazzinatto M, Ferrari D, Arag\u00e3o F, De Azevedo F. Vertical ground reaction forces are associated with pain and self-reported functional status in recreational athletes with patellofemoral pain. J Appl Biomech. 2015;31(6):409\u201314.","journal-title":"J Appl Biomech"},{"key":"4911_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yalfani A, Ahmadi M, Asgarpoor A. The effect of kinetic factors of dynamic knee valgus on patellofemoral pain syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2023.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2023.11.001"},{"issue":"5","key":"4911_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2009.00996.x","volume":"20","author":"M Boling","year":"2010","unstructured":"Boling M, Padua D, Marshall S, Guskiewicz K, Pyne S, Beutler A. Gender differences in the incidence and prevalence of patellofemoral pain syndrome. Scand J Med Sci Sport. 2010;20(5):725\u201330.","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sport"},{"key":"4911_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2018.10.033","volume":"68","author":"D De Oliveira Silva","year":"2019","unstructured":"De Oliveira Silva D, Barton CJ, Briani RV, Taborda B, Ferreira AS, Pazzinatto MF, de Azevedo FM. Kinesiophobia, but not strength is associated with altered movement in women with patellofemoral pain. Gait Posture. 2019;68:1\u20135.","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"11","key":"4911_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2215","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13767","volume":"30","author":"D De Oliveira Silva","year":"2020","unstructured":"De Oliveira Silva D, Willy RW, Barton CJ, Christensen K, Pazzinatto MF, Azevedo FM. Pain and disability in women with patellofemoral pain relate to kinesiophobia, but not to patellofemoral joint loading variables. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020;30(11):2215\u201321.","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"issue":"1","key":"4911_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-022-00538-4","volume":"8","author":"GS Nunes","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nunes GS, Rodrigues DZ, H\u00f6rbe L, Prates I, Tessarin BM, Serr\u00e3o FV, de Noronha M. Is postural control affected in people with patellofemoral pain and should it be part of rehabilitation? A systematic review with meta-analysis. Sports Medicine-Open. 2022;8(1):144.","journal-title":"Sports Medicine-Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"4911_CR12","first-page":"66","volume":"7","author":"M Ahmadi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ahmadi M, Yalfani A, Gandomi F, Rashid K. The effect of twelve-week neurofeedback training on pain, proprioception, strength and postural balance in men with patellofemoral pain syndrome: a double-blind randomized control trial. J Rehabilitation Sci Res. 2020;7(2):66\u201374.","journal-title":"J Rehabilitation Sci Res"},{"key":"4911_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gwynne CR. Alterations in center of pressure during single-limb loading in individuals with patellofemoral pain. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2020;110(2).","DOI":"10.7547\/18-070"},{"issue":"6","key":"4911_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0b013e31815ac44f","volume":"17","author":"Y Thijs","year":"2007","unstructured":"Thijs Y, Tiggelen D, Van, Roosen P, Clercq D, De, Witvrouw E. A prospective study on gait-related intrinsic risk factors for patellofemoral pain. Clin J Sport Med. 2007;17(6):437\u201345.","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"4911_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Batista NP, Silva DD, Mochizuki L, Norte GE, Bazett-Jones DM. Clinic-and laboratory-based measures of postural control in patellofemoral pain: a systematic review with meta-analysis and evidence gap map. Volume 3. Gait & Posture; 2024 Feb.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.02.002"},{"issue":"3","key":"4911_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2016.01.014","volume":"23","author":"D De Oliveira Silva","year":"2016","unstructured":"De Oliveira Silva D, Magalh\u00e3es FH, Pazzinatto MF, Briani RV, Ferreira AS, Arag\u00e3o FA, de Azevedo FM. Contribution of altered hip, knee and foot kinematics to dynamic postural impairments in females with patellofemoral pain during stair ascent. Knee. 2016;23(3):376\u201381.","journal-title":"Knee"},{"issue":"5","key":"4911_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2011.07.014","volume":"21","author":"MC Saad","year":"2011","unstructured":"Saad MC, Fel\u00edcio LR, Masullo C, de Liporaci L, Bevilaqua-Grossi RF. Analysis of the center of pressure displacement, ground reaction force and muscular activity during step exercises. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2011;21(5):712\u20138.","journal-title":"J Electromyogr Kinesiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4911_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2017.03.009","volume":"21","author":"RV Briani","year":"2017","unstructured":"Briani RV, Pazzinatto MF, De Oliveira Silva D, Azevedo FM. Different pain responses to distinct levels of physical activity in women with patellofemoral pain. Brazilian J Phys Ther. 2017;21(2):138\u201343.","journal-title":"Brazilian J Phys Ther"},{"issue":"5","key":"4911_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2022.01.004","volume":"25","author":"NR Glaviano","year":"2022","unstructured":"Glaviano NR, Bazett-Jones DM, Boling MC. Pain severity during functional activities in individuals with patellofemoral pain: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Sci Med Sport. 2022;25(5):399\u2013406.","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport"},{"issue":"10","key":"4911_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnw068","volume":"17","author":"MF Pazzinatto","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pazzinatto MF, de Oliveira Silva D, Barton C, Rathleff MS, Briani RV, de Azevedo FM. Female adults with patellofemoral pain are characterized by widespread hyperalgesia, which is not affected immediately by patellofemoral joint loading. Pain Med. 2016;17(10):1953\u201361.","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"4911_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2018.12.008","volume":"26","author":"H Greuel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Greuel H, Herrington L, Liu A, Jones RK. How does acute pain influence biomechanics and quadriceps function in individuals with patellofemoral pain? Knee. 2019;26(2):330\u20138.","journal-title":"Knee"},{"issue":"1","key":"4911_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-021-02823-6","volume":"16","author":"L Chaharmahali","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chaharmahali L, Gandomi F, Yalfani A, Fazaeli A. The effect of self-reported knee instability on plantar pressure and postural sways in women with knee osteoarthritis. J Orthop Surg Res. 2021;16(1):1\u201310.","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"4911_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13047-022-00552-5","volume":"15","author":"A Yalfani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yalfani A, Raeisi Z. Bilateral symmetry of vertical time to stabilization in postural sway after double-leg landing in elite athletes with unilateral chronic ankle sprain. J Foot Ankle Res. 2022;15(1):1\u20139.","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"4911_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2014.08.361","volume":"7","author":"V Ugalde","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ugalde V, Brockman C, Bailowitz Z, Pollard CD. Single Leg Squat Test and its relationship to dynamic KneeValgus and Injury Risk Screening. PM R. 2015;7(3):229\u201335.","journal-title":"PM R"},{"key":"4911_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2018.06.021","volume":"58","author":"CR Gwynne","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gwynne CR, Curran SA. Two-dimensional frontal plane projection angle can identify subgroups of patellofemoral pain patients who demonstrate dynamic knee valgus. Clin Biomech. 2018;58:44\u20138.","journal-title":"Clin Biomech"},{"issue":"2","key":"4911_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2012.07.009","volume":"37","author":"F Scoppa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Scoppa F, Capra R, Gallamini M, Shiffer R. Clinical stabilometry standardization. Basic definitions - Acquisition interval - sampling frequency. Gait Posture. 2013;37(2):290\u20132.","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"4911_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2018.12.013","volume":"68","author":"GS Nunes","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nunes GS, Barton CJ, Viadanna Serr\u00e3o F. Females with patellofemoral pain have impaired impact absorption during a single-legged drop vertical jump. Gait Posture. 2019;68:346\u201351.","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"4911_CR28","unstructured":"Cohen J. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. 1988."},{"key":"4911_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2018.07.003","volume":"65","author":"AB Rosen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rosen AB, Ko J, Brown CN. The relationship between acute pain and dynamic postural stability indices in individuals with patellar tendinopathy. Gait Posture. 2018;65:117\u201320.","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"4","key":"4911_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1080\/09593985.2017.1391360","volume":"34","author":"A Zeinalzadeh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zeinalzadeh A, Talebian S, Naghdi S, Salavati M, Nazary-Moghadam S, Zeynalzadeh Ghoochani B. Effects of vision and cognitive load on static postural control in subjects with and without patellofemoral pain syndrome. Physiother Theory Pract. 2018;34(4):276\u201385.","journal-title":"Physiother Theory Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"4911_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2016.04.013","volume":"23","author":"MC de Carvalho-e-Silva","year":"2016","unstructured":"de Carvalho-e-Silva MC, Peixoto AP, Le\u00e3o Almeida G, Oliveira Magalh\u00e3es M, Renovato Fran\u00e7a FJ, Vidal Ramos LA, Comachio J, et al. Dynamic postural stability and muscle strength in patellofemoral pain: is there a correlation? Knee. 2016;23(4):616\u201321.","journal-title":"Knee"},{"issue":"2","key":"4911_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2020.94491","volume":"17","author":"Y Eker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Eker Y, Kaygisiz BB. The effect of pain severity on balance, postural stability and fall risk in patients with shoulder pathologies. Arch Med Sci. 2021;17(2):390\u20136.","journal-title":"Arch Med Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"4911_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.34596","volume":"83","author":"G Wu","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wu G, Zhao F, Zhou X, Wei L. Improvement of isokinetic knee extensor strength and reduction of postural sway in the elderly from long-term Tai Chi exercise. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2002;83(10):1364\u20139.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"4","key":"4911_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2003.06.031","volume":"85","author":"PA Gribble","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gribble PA, Hertel J. Effect of lower-extremity muscle fatigue on postural control. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004;85(4):589\u201392.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"4911_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.10.008","volume":"83","author":"RV Briani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Briani RV, Cannon J, Waiteman MC, Negr\u00e3o Filho R, de F, Magalh\u00e3es FH, de Azevedo FM. Influence of the exacerbation of patellofemoral pain on trunk kinematics and lower limb mechanics during stair negotiation. Gait Posture. 2021;83:83\u20137.","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"4911_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hart HF, Patterson BE, Crossley KM, Culvenor AG, Khan MCM, King MG et al. May the force be with you: understanding how patellofemoral joint reaction force compares across different activities and physical interventions\u2014a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med. 2022;521\u201330.","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2021-104686"},{"issue":"2","key":"4911_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2014.11.006","volume":"25","author":"M Pau","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pau M, Mandaresu S, Leban B, Nussbaum MA. Short-term effects of backpack carriage on plantar pressure and gait in schoolchildren. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2015;25(2):406\u201312.","journal-title":"J Electromyogr Kinesiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"4911_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2301","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-014-2943-3","volume":"22","author":"MS Rathleff","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rathleff MS, Richter C, Brush\u00f8j C, Bencke J, Bandholm T, H\u00f6lmich P, et al. Increased medial foot loading during drop jump in subjects with patellofemoral pain. Knee surgery. Sport Traumatol Arthrosc. 2014;22(10):2301\u20137.","journal-title":"Sport Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"3","key":"4911_CR39","first-page":"314","volume":"12","author":"PM Carry","year":"2017","unstructured":"Carry PM, Gala R, Worster K, Kanai S, Miller NH, James D, Provance AJ, Carollo JJ. Postural stability and kinetic change in subjects with patellofemoral pain after a nine-week hip and core strengthening intervention. Int J Sports Phys Therapy. 2017;12(3):314.","journal-title":"Int J Sports Phys Therapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"4911_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2012.03.024","volume":"36","author":"SP Lee","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lee SP, Souza RB, Powers CM. The influence of hip abductor muscle performance on dynamic postural stability in females with patellofemoral pain. Gait Posture. 2012;36(3):425\u20139.","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"4911_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2023.04.002","volume":"42","author":"GS De Vasconcelos","year":"2023","unstructured":"De Vasconcelos GS, da Silva ME, Nunes GS, Serr\u00e3o FV. Relationship between kinesiophobia, isometric hip and knee torques to pelvic, hip and knee motion during the single-leg drop jump in women with patellofemoral pain: a cross-sectional study. Knee. 2023;42:264\u201372.","journal-title":"Knee"},{"issue":"6","key":"4911_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.2016-0100","volume":"27","author":"S Goto","year":"2018","unstructured":"Goto S, Aminaka N, Gribble PA. Lower-extremity muscle activity, kinematics, and dynamic postural control in individuals with patellofemoral pain. J Sport Rehabil. 2018;27(6):505\u201312.","journal-title":"J Sport Rehabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"4911_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2012.07.025","volume":"37","author":"H Negahban","year":"2013","unstructured":"Negahban H, Etemadi M, Naghibi S, Emrani A, Shaterzadeh Yazdi MJ, Salehi R, et al. The effects of muscle fatigue on dynamic standing balance in people with and without patellofemoral pain syndrome. Gait Posture. 2013;37(3):336\u20139.","journal-title":"Gait Posture"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13018-024-04911-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13018-024-04911-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13018-024-04911-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T19:03:21Z","timestamp":1722971001000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/josr-online.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13018-024-04911-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4911"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-024-04911-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1749-799X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1749-799X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 June 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 July 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 August 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethics approval and consent to participate Ethical approval of the present study was obtained from the Ethics Committee in Biomedical Research of Bu-Ali Sina University with the code IR.BASU.REC.1402.012. Before data collection, patients signed an informed consent form.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"462"}}