{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T14:33:59Z","timestamp":1793889239543,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734566400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734566400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Orthop Surg Res"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-024-05332-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T22:18:49Z","timestamp":1734560329000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Comparative analysis of MRI-based VBQ and EBQ score for predicting cage subsidence in PILF surgery"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Fan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dawei","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Can","family":"Tuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zijian","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"5332_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2016.09.011","volume":"17","author":"VJ Alentado","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alentado VJ, Caldwell S, Gould HP, Steinmetz MP, Benzel EC, Mroz TE. Independent predictors of a clinically significant improvement after lumbar fusion surgery. Spine J. 2017;17:236\u201343.","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"5332_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.03.016","volume":"21","author":"HA Fenton-White","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fenton-White HA. Trailblazing: the historical development of the posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF). Spine J. 2021;21:1528\u201341.","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"5332_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-022-05930-5","volume":"23","author":"HY Pu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pu HY, Chen Q, Huang K, Zeng R, Wei P. Forearm T-score as a predictor of cage subsidence in patients with degenerative lumbar spine disease following posterior single-segment lumbar interbody fusion. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022;23:1058.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"15","key":"5332_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1460","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181c4baf5","volume":"35","author":"JH Lee","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lee JH, Jeon DW, Lee SJ, Chang BS, Lee CK. Fusion rates and subsidence of morselized local bone grafted in titanium cages in posterior lumbar interbody fusion using quantitative three-dimensional computed tomography scans. Spine. 2010;35(15):1460\u20135.","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"5332_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-021-03103-z","volume":"32","author":"T Amorim-Barbosa","year":"2022","unstructured":"Amorim-Barbosa T, Pereira C, Catelas D, et al. Risk factors for cage subsidence and clinical outcomes after transforaminal and posterior lumbar interbody fusion. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2022;32:1291\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"},{"key":"5332_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2018.08.007","volume":"19","author":"MK Park","year":"2019","unstructured":"Park MK, Kim KT, Bang WS, et al. Risk factors for cage migration and cage retropulsion following transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. Spine J. 2019;19:437\u201347.","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"5332_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2023.12.110","volume":"183","author":"S Shen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shen S, You X, Ren Y, Ye S. Risk factors of cage subsidence following oblique lumbar interbody fusion: a meta-analysis and systematic review. World Neurosurg. 2024;183:180\u20136.","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"5332_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yao YC, Chou PH, Lin HH, Wang ST, Liu CL, Chang MC Risk Factors of Cage Subsidence in Patients Received Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion. Spine 2020; (Phila Pa 1976) 45:E1279\u2013e1285","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003557"},{"key":"5332_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-022-05165-4","volume":"23","author":"L Zhao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhao L, Xie T, Wang X, et al. Clinical and radiological evaluation of cage subsidence following oblique lumbar interbody fusion combined with anterolateral fixation. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022;23:214.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"5332_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.14444\/8363","volume":"16","author":"A Parisien","year":"2022","unstructured":"Parisien A, Wai EK, ElSayed MSA, Frei H. Subsidence of spinal fusion cages: a systematic review. Int J Spine Surg. 2022;16:1103\u201318.","journal-title":"Int J Spine Surg"},{"key":"5332_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2017.01.033","volume":"104","author":"SL Morgan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Morgan SL, Prater GL. Quality in dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans. Bone. 2017;104:13\u201328.","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"5332_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1515\/med-2019-0061","volume":"14","author":"KJ Kim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kim KJ, Kim DH, Lee JI, Choi BK, Han IH, Nam KH. Hounsfield units on lumbar computed tomography for predicting regional bone mineral density. Open Med (Wars). 2019;14:545\u201351.","journal-title":"Open Med (Wars)"},{"key":"5332_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2022.10.014","volume":"23","author":"W Lin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lin W, He C, Xie F, et al. Discordance in lumbar bone mineral density measurements by quantitative computed tomography and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in postmenopausal women: a prospective comparative study. Spine J. 2023;23:295\u2013304.","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"5332_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115731","volume":"143","author":"HJ Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim HJ, Dash A, Cunningham M, et al. Patients with abnormal microarchitecture have an increased risk of early complications after spinal fusion surgery. Bone. 2021;143: 115731.","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"5332_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-011-1568-3","volume":"23","author":"E Dall\u2019Ara","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dall\u2019Ara E, Pahr D, Varga P, Kainberger F, Zysset P. QCT-based finite element models predict human vertebral strength in vitro significantly better than simulated DEXA. Osteoporos Int. 2012;23:563\u201372.","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"5332_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-016-2821-5","volume":"158","author":"MK Choi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Choi MK, Kim SM, Lim JK. Diagnostic efficacy of Hounsfield units in spine CT for the assessment of real bone mineral density of degenerative spine: correlation study between T-score determined by DEXA scan and Hounsfield units from CT. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2016;158:1421\u20137.","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"5332_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R108","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3833","volume":"14","author":"E Klingberg","year":"2012","unstructured":"Klingberg E, Lorentzon M, Mellstr\u00f6m D, et al. Osteoporosis in ankylosing spondylitis\u2014prevalence, risk factors and methods of assessment. Arthritis Res Ther. 2012;14:R108.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"5332_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2022.03.006","volume":"22","author":"SN Salzmann","year":"2022","unstructured":"Salzmann SN, Okano I, Jones C, et al. Preoperative MRI-based vertebral bone quality (VBQ) score assessment in patients undergoing lumbar spinal fusion. Spine J. 2022;22:1301\u20138.","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"5332_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2022.07.085","volume":"22","author":"C Jones","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jones C, Okano I, Arzani A, et al. The predictive value of a novel site-specific MRI-based bone quality assessment, endplate bone quality (EBQ), for severe cage subsidence among patients undergoing standalone lateral lumbar interbody fusion. Spine J. 2022;22:1875\u201383.","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"5332_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.05.002","author":"L Ran","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ran L, Xie T, Zhao L, et al. MRI-based endplate bone quality score predicts cage subsidence following oblique lumbar interbody fusion. Spine J. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.05.002.","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"5332_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.9.SPINE19954","volume":"32","author":"J Ehresman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ehresman J, Schilling A, Pennington Z, et al. A novel MRI-based score assessing trabecular bone quality to predict vertebral compression fractures in patients with spinal metastasis. J Neurosurg Spine. 2020;32:499\u2013506.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"5332_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6284","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-06608-y","volume":"7","author":"L Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang L, Su Y, Wang Q, et al. Validation of asynchronous quantitative bone densitometry of the spine: Accuracy, short-term reproducibility, and a comparison with conventional quantitative computed tomography. Sci Rep. 2017;7:6284.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"5332_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jot.2021.11.008","volume":"33","author":"ZJ Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu ZJ, Zhang C, Ma C, et al. Automatic phantom-less QCT system with high precision of BMD measurement for osteoporosis screening: technique optimisation and clinical validation. J Orthop Translat. 2022;33:24\u201330.","journal-title":"J Orthop Translat"},{"key":"5332_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.20.24074","volume":"217","author":"P Wangaryattawanich","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wangaryattawanich P, Kale HA, Kanter AS, Agarwal V. Lateral lumbar interbody fusion: review of surgical technique and postoperative multimodality imaging findings. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2021;217:480\u201394.","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"5332_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E8","DOI":"10.3171\/2020.5.FOCUS20169","volume":"49","author":"Z Xi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xi Z, Mummaneni PV, Wang M, et al. The association between lower Hounsfield units on computed tomography and cage subsidence after lateral lumbar interbody fusion. Neurosurg Focus. 2020;49:E8.","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"5332_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-018-0549-y","volume":"14","author":"F Yu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yu F, Xia W. The epidemiology of osteoporosis, associated fragility fractures, and management gap in China. Arch Osteoporos. 2019;14:32.","journal-title":"Arch Osteoporos"},{"key":"5332_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2277","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-024-08250-5","volume":"33","author":"J Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li J, Wang L, Li Q, Deng Z, Wang L, Song Y. A novel MRI-based cervical-endplate bone quality score independently predicts cage subsidence after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. Eur Spine J. 2024;33:2277\u201386.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"5332_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-023-03760-2","volume":"18","author":"A Poilliot","year":"2023","unstructured":"Poilliot A, Gay-Dujak MH, M\u00fcller-Gerbl M. The quantification of 3D-trabecular architecture of the fourth cervical vertebra using CT osteoabsorptiometry and micro-CT. J Orthop Surg Res. 2023;18:297.","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"5332_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3167","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-023-07854-7","volume":"32","author":"Y Ai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ai Y, Chen Q, Huang Y, et al. MRI-based vertebral bone quality score for predicting cage subsidence by assessing bone mineral density following transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: a retrospective analysis. Eur Spine J. 2023;32:3167\u201375.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"5332_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-18510-0","volume":"24","author":"Q Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li Q, Peng L, Wang Y, Yang Y, Wang Z. Risk factors for low back pain in the Chinese population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health. 2024;24:1181.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"5332_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2359","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-014-2794-2","volume":"25","author":"F Cosman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cosman F, de Beur SJ, LeBoff MS, et al. Clinician\u2019s guide to prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int. 2014;25:2359\u201381.","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"5332_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1177\/02841851241257524","volume":"65","author":"G A\u00e7ikg\u00f6z","year":"2024","unstructured":"A\u00e7ikg\u00f6z G, Bora A, Nur S. Comparison of QCT and DEXA findings for lumbar vertebra in young adults and the elderly. Acta Radiol. 2024;65:759\u201364.","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"key":"5332_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2023.07.002","volume":"23","author":"Q Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen Q, Ai Y, Huang Y, et al. MRI-based endplate bone quality score independently predicts cage subsidence following transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. Spine J. 2023;23:1652\u20138.","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"5332_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204428","volume":"73","author":"D Hoy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hoy D, March L, Brooks P, et al. The global burden of low back pain: estimates from the global burden of disease 2010 study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014;73:968\u201374.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"5332_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-023-03746-0","volume":"18","author":"Z Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen Z, Lei F, Ye F, Yuan H, Li S, Feng D. MRI-based vertebral bone quality score for the assessment of osteoporosis in patients undergoing surgery for lumbar degenerative diseases. J Orthop Surg Res. 2023;18:257.","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"5332_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moser M, Adl Amini D, Albertini Sanchez L et al. The Reciprocal Relationship Between Lumbar Intervertebral Disk Degeneration and the MRI-based Vertebral Bone Quality Score. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2024;49:1227\u20131234.","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004937"},{"key":"5332_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.02.021","volume":"21","author":"C Jones","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jones C, Okano I, Salzmann SN, et al. Endplate volumetric bone mineral density is a predictor for cage subsidence following lateral lumbar interbody fusion: a risk factor analysis. Spine J. 2021;21:1729\u201337.","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"5332_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.014","volume":"24","author":"Y Ai","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ai Y, Zhu C, Chen Q, et al. Comparison of predictive value for cage subsidence between MRI-based endplate bone quality and vertebral bone quality score following transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: a retrospective propensity-matched study. Spine J. 2024;24:1046\u201355.","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"5332_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.07.012","volume":"23","author":"CK Wong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wong CK, Mak RY, Kwok TS, et al. Prevalence, incidence, and factors associated with non-specific chronic low back pain in community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years and older: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pain. 2022;23:509\u201334.","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"key":"5332_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1007\/s00062-021-01009-1","volume":"31","author":"FC Schmeel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schmeel FC, Enkirch SJ, Luetkens JA, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of quantitative imaging biomarkers in the differentiation of benign and malignant vertebral lesions\u202f: combination of diffusion-weighted and proton density fat fraction Spine MRI. Clin Neuroradiol. 2021;31:1059\u201370.","journal-title":"Clin Neuroradiol"},{"key":"5332_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-008-0758-y","volume":"17","author":"YH Zhang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhang YH, Zhao CQ, Jiang LS, Chen XD, Dai LY. Modic changes: a systematic review of the literature. Eur Spine J. 2008;17:1289\u201399.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"5332_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-4090-1_8","volume":"760","author":"D Gopal","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gopal D, Ho AL, Shah A, Chi JH. Molecular basis of intervertebral disc degeneration. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2012;760:114\u201333.","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"5332_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2557","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-021-04923-y","volume":"163","author":"W Singhatanadgige","year":"2021","unstructured":"Singhatanadgige W, Sukthuayat A, Tanaviriyachai T, et al. Risk factors for polyetheretherketone cage subsidence following minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2021;163:2557\u201365.","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13018-024-05332-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13018-024-05332-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13018-024-05332-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T00:12:40Z","timestamp":1734567160000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/josr-online.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13018-024-05332-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5332"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-024-05332-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1749-799X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1749-799X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 December 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This retrospective study used completely anonymized data from the Yichang Central People\u2019s Hospital. The study protocol was reviewed by the Medical Ethics Committee of Yichang Central People\u2019s Hospital, which determined that formal ethics approval was not required, as the study utilized previously collected data that could not identify individuals.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors had reviewed the final manuscript and give consent for submission and publication.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"839"}}