{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T16:09:35Z","timestamp":1792858175258,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735862400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007797","name":"University of Helsinki","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007797","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Orthop Surg Res"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the prevalence of acromioclavicular (AC) joint and subacromial space imaging abnormalities in asymptomatic adults, with a secondary objective of comparing findings between asymptomatic and symptomatic shoulders within the same study populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a systematic review of studies examining shoulder imaging abnormalities detected by X-ray, ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in asymptomatic adults (PROSPERO registration CRD42018090041). This report focuses on AC joint and subacromial space abnormalities. Databases searched included Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and Web of Science from inception to June 2023. Our primary analysis used data from population-based studies, and risk of bias and certainty of evidence were evaluated with tools for prognostic studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-one studies (4 X-ray, 11 US, 15 MRI, 1 both X-ray and MRI) provided useable prevalence data. One study was population-based (20 shoulders), 16 included miscellaneous study populations (2436 shoulders) and 14 focused on athletes (708 shoulders). The certainty of evidence was very low mainly due to high risk of bias, imprecision, and indirectness across studies. Clinical diversity precluded pooling. Population-based prevalence of acromioclavicular osteoarthritis (AC OA) ranged from 85% on MRI to 95% on X-ray. In other study populations, AC OA prevalence in asymptomatic shoulders varied from 6 to 47% on X-ray, 1 to 65% on US, and 0 to 82% on MRI. Among eight studies that included both asymptomatic and symptomatic shoulders, AC OA prevalence ranged from 13 to 95% in asymptomatic shoulders and from 20 to 100% in symptomatic shoulders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of AC joint and subacromial space abnormalities in asymptomatic shoulders is highly variable, and often comparable to that in symptomatic shoulders. Due to the low certainty of evidence and significant variation among study populations, further research is needed to clarify these prevalence estimates and to guide evidence-based management of shoulder abnormalities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-024-05378-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T04:43:36Z","timestamp":1735879416000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Imaging abnormalities of the acromioclavicular joint and subacromial space are common in asymptomatic shoulders: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9658-8571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Ibounig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4154-8462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lasse","family":"R\u00e4m\u00f6","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9100-5509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Romi","family":"Haas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6858-9710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3713-956X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teppo L. N.","family":"J\u00e4rvinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6755-2983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simo","family":"Taimela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7051-7548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sean","family":"Docking","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7966-9708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharon","family":"Sanders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0597-0933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachelle","family":"Buchbinder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"5378_CR1","unstructured":"Koskinen S, Lundqvist A, Ristiluoma N. Health, functional capacity and welfare in Finland in 2011. National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL). 2012; Report 68\/2012."},{"issue":"6","key":"5378_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e015711","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-015711","volume":"7","author":"M Artus","year":"2017","unstructured":"Artus M, van der Windt DA, Afolabi EK, Buchbinder R, Chesterton LS, Hall A, et al. Management of shoulder pain by UK general practitioners (GPs): a national survey. BMJ Open. 2017;7(6):e015711.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"5378_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e61243","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061243","volume":"8","author":"R Buchbinder","year":"2013","unstructured":"Buchbinder R, Staples MP, Shanahan EM, Roos JF. General practitioner management of shoulder pain in comparison with rheumatologist expectation of care and best evidence: an Australian national survey. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(4):e61243.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"8","key":"5378_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.12476","volume":"17","author":"TK Gill","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gill TK, Shanahan EM, Allison D, Alcorn D, Hill CL. Prevalence of abnormalities on shoulder MRI in symptomatic and asymptomatic older adults. Int J Rheum Dis. 2014;17(8):863\u201371.","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"5378_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2019.04.001","volume":"28","author":"RPG Barreto","year":"2019","unstructured":"Barreto RPG, Braman JP, Ludewig PM, Ribeiro LP, Camargo PR. Bilateral magnetic resonance imaging findings in individuals with unilateral shoulder pain. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2019;28(9):1699\u2013706.","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"5378_CR6","first-page":"165","volume":"31","author":"A Iagnocco","year":"2013","unstructured":"Iagnocco A, Filippucci E, Sakellariou G, Ceccarelli F, Di Geso L, Carli L, et al. Ultrasound imaging for the rheumatologist XLIV. Ultrasound of the shoulder in healthy individuals. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2013;31(2):165\u201371.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5378_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.166.4.8610564","volume":"166","author":"SD Needell","year":"1996","unstructured":"Needell SD, Zlatkin MB, Sher JS, Murphy BJ, Uribe JW. MR imaging of the rotator cuff: peritendinous and bone abnormalities in an asymptomatic population. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1996;166(4):863\u20137.","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5378_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1067\/mse.2001.113498","volume":"10","author":"BES Stein","year":"2001","unstructured":"Stein BES, Wiater JM, Pfaff HC, Bigliani LU, Levine WN. Detection of acromioclavicular joint pathology in asymptomatic shoulders with magnetic resonance imaging. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2001;10(3):204\u20138.","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"5378_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021;372:n71.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"9","key":"5378_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2011.11.014","volume":"65","author":"D Hoy","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hoy D, Brooks P, Woolf A, Blyth F, March L, Bain C, et al. Assessing risk of bias in prevalence studies: modification of an existing tool and evidence of interrater agreement. J Clin Epidemiol. 2012;65(9):934\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"5378_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"h870","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h870","volume":"350","author":"A Iorio","year":"2015","unstructured":"Iorio A, Spencer FA, Falavigna M, Alba C, Lang E, Burnand B, et al. Use of GRADE for assessment of evidence about prognosis: rating confidence in estimates of event rates in broad categories of patients. BMJ. 2015;350:h870.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"5378_CR12","first-page":"23","volume":"12","author":"RL Worland","year":"2003","unstructured":"Worland RL, Lee D, Orozco CG, SozaRex F, Keenan J. Correlation of age, acromial morphology, and rotator cuff tear pathology diagnosed by ultrasound in asymptomatic patients. J South Orthop Assoc. 2003;12(1):23\u20136.","journal-title":"J South Orthop Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"5378_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2005.023382","volume":"40","author":"J Maquirriain","year":"2006","unstructured":"Maquirriain J, Ghisi JP, Amato S. Is tennis a predisposing factor for degenerative shoulder disease? A controlled study in former elite players. BJSM online. 2006;40(5):447\u201350.","journal-title":"BJSM online"},{"issue":"3","key":"5378_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-019-02593-2","volume":"30","author":"S Khoschnau","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khoschnau S, Milosavjevic J, Sahlstedt B, Rylance R, Rahme H, Kadum B. High prevalence of rotator cuff tears in a population who never sought for shoulder problems: a clinical, ultrasonographic and radiographic screening study. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2020;30(3):457\u201363.","journal-title":"Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"5378_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1839","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546507304493","volume":"35","author":"RW Wright","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wright RW, Steger-May K, Klein SE. Radiographic findings in the shoulder and elbow of Major League Baseball pitchers. Am J Sports Med. 2007;35(11):1839\u201343.","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"5378_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2004.00408.x","volume":"15","author":"HK Wang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wang HK, Lin JJ, Pan SL, Wang TG. Sonographic evaluations in elite college baseball athletes. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2005;15(1):29\u201335.","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"5378_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.17159\/2078-516X\/2007\/v19i1a272","volume":"19","author":"Z Oschman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Oschman Z, Janse van Rensburg C, Maritz NGJ, Borain H, Owen R. Ultrasound study of the asymptomatic shoulder in patients with a confirmed rotator cuff tear in the opposite shoulder. South African J Sports Med. 2007;19:23.","journal-title":"South African J Sports Med"},{"key":"5378_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-11-278","volume":"11","author":"M Abate","year":"2010","unstructured":"Abate M, Schiavone C, Salini V. Sonographic evaluation of the shoulder in asymptomatic elderly subjects with diabetes. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2010;11:278.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"5378_CR19","first-page":"456","volume":"76","author":"DA Ocguder","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ocguder DA, Tosun O, Bektaser B, Cicek N, Ipek A, Bozkurt M. Ultrasonographic evaluation of the shoulder in asymptomatic overhead athletes. Acta Orthop Belg. 2010;76(4):456\u201361.","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Belg"},{"issue":"4","key":"5378_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W713","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.11.6971","volume":"197","author":"G Girish","year":"2011","unstructured":"Girish G, Lobo LG, Jacobson JA, Morag Y, Miller B, Jamadar DA. Ultrasound of the shoulder: asymptomatic findings in men. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2011;197(4):W713\u20139.","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5378_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-015-2240-3","volume":"45","author":"V Sansone","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sansone V, Consonni O, Maiorano E, Meroni R, Goddi A. Calcific tendinopathy of the rotator cuff: the correlation between pain and imaging features in symptomatic and asymptomatic female shoulders. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(1):49\u201355.","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"5378_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.29.1219","volume":"29","author":"R Meroni","year":"2017","unstructured":"Meroni R, Piscitelli D, Valerio S, Boria P, Perin C, De Vito G, et al. Ultrasonography of the shoulder: asymptomatic findings from working-age women in the general population. J Phys Ther Sci. 2017;29(7):1219\u201323.","journal-title":"J Phys Ther Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"5378_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57010029","volume":"57","author":"Y Suzuki","year":"2020","unstructured":"Suzuki Y, Maeda N, Sasadai J, Kaneda K, Shirakawa T, Urabe Y. Ultrasonographic evaluation of the shoulders and its associations with shoulder pain, age, and swim training in masters swimmers. Medicina (Kaunas). 2020;57(1):29.","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"5378_CR24","unstructured":"Eliason A, Harringe M, Engstr\u00f6m B, Sunding K, Werner S. Bilateral ultrasound findings in patients with unilateral subacromial pain syndrome. 2022. Report No.: 0959\u20133985."},{"issue":"5","key":"5378_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-003-2116-0","volume":"14","author":"JL Brasseur","year":"2004","unstructured":"Brasseur JL, Lucidarme O, Tardieu M, Tordeur M, Montalvan B, Parier J, et al. Ultrasonographic rotator-cuff changes in veteran tennis players: the effect of hand dominance and comparison with clinical findings. Eur Radiol. 2004;14(5):857\u201364.","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5378_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/0899-7071(92)90085-N","volume":"16","author":"V Chandnani","year":"1992","unstructured":"Chandnani V, Ho C, Gerharter J, Neumann C, Kursunoglu-Brahme S, Sartoris DJ, et al. MR findings in asymptomatic shoulders: a blind analysis using symptomatic shoulders as controls. Clin Imaging. 1992;16(1):25\u201330.","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"},{"issue":"6","key":"5378_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.158.6.1590124","volume":"158","author":"CH Neumann","year":"1992","unstructured":"Neumann CH, Holt RG, Steinbach LS, Jahnke AH, Petersen SA. Mr imaging of the shoulder\u2014appearance of the supraspinatus tendon in asymptomatic volunteers. Am J Roentgenol. 1992;158(6):1281\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5378_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2019.06.010","volume":"27","author":"BY Su","year":"2020","unstructured":"Su BY, Yeh WC, Lee YC, Chen JH, Yeh LR. Internal derangement of the shoulder joint in asymptomatic professional baseball players. Acad Radiol. 2020;27(4):582\u201390.","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"5378_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-020-03629-z","volume":"50","author":"R Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu R, Onks C, Petscavage-Thomas J, Walker E, Berg A, Silvis M, et al. Prevalence of shoulder labral abnormalities on MRI in a non-athletic asymptomatic young adult population. Skeletal Radiol. 2021;50(5):921\u20135.","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5378_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659502300202","volume":"23","author":"A Miniaci","year":"1995","unstructured":"Miniaci A, Dowdy PA, Willits KR, Vellet AD. Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of the rotator cuff tendons in the asymptomatic shoulder. Am J Sports Med. 1995;23(2):142\u20135.","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"5378_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465030310051501","volume":"31","author":"PM Connor","year":"2003","unstructured":"Connor PM, Banks DM, Tyson AB, Coumas JS, D\u2019Alessandro DF. Magnetic resonance imaging of the asymptomatic shoulder of overhead athletes: a 5-year follow-up study. Am J Sports Med. 2003;31(5):724\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"5378_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-008-0516-6","volume":"37","author":"RM Reuter","year":"2008","unstructured":"Reuter RM, Hiller WD, Ainge GR, Brown DW, Dierenfield L, Shellock FG, et al. Ironman triathletes: MRI assessment of the shoulder. Skeletal Radiol. 2008;37(8):737\u201341.","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5378_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1097\/RCT.0000000000000327","volume":"40","author":"F Del Grande","year":"2016","unstructured":"Del Grande F, Aro M, Jalali Farahani S, Cosgarea A, Wilckens J, Carrino JA. High-resolution 3-T magnetic resonance imaging of the shoulder in nonsymptomatic professional baseball pitcher draft picks. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2016;40(1):118\u201325.","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"issue":"1","key":"5378_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4102\/sajr.v21i1.1080","volume":"21","author":"A Celliers","year":"2017","unstructured":"Celliers A, Gebremariam F, Joubert G, Mweli T, Sayanvala H, Holtzhausen L. Clinically relevant magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in elite swimmer\u2019s shoulders. South African J Radiol. 2017;21(1):1\u20138.","journal-title":"South African J Radiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"5378_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232596711987686","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967119876865","volume":"7","author":"B Hacken","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hacken B, Onks C, Flemming D, Mosher T, Silvis M, Black K, et al. Prevalence of MRI shoulder abnormalities in asymptomatic professional and collegiate ice hockey athletes. Orthop J Sports Med. 2019;7(10):2325967119876865.","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"5378_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1136\/jisakos-2019-000304","volume":"5","author":"CS Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee CS, Goldhaber NH, Davis SM, Dilley ML, Brock A, Wosmek J, et al. Shoulder MRI in asymptomatic elite volleyball athletes shows extensive pathology. J ISAKOS. 2020;5(1):10\u20134.","journal-title":"J ISAKOS"},{"issue":"2","key":"5378_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671211073137","volume":"10","author":"JD Cooper","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cooper JD, Seiter MN, Ruzbarsky JJ, Poulton R, Dornan GJ, Fitzcharles EK, et al. Shoulder pathology on magnetic resonance imaging in asymptomatic elite-level rock climbers. Orthop J Sports Med. 2022;10(2):1\u20137.","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"key":"5378_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jor.2020.03.044","volume":"21","author":"E Boersma","year":"2020","unstructured":"Boersma E, Crijns T, Nijhuis-van der Sanden M, Edwards M, Ring D, Janssen S. Accuracy and reliability of MRI-reports to determine which shoulder is symptomatic for workers compensation patients with unilateral symptoms. J Orthopaedics. 2020;21:199\u2013202.","journal-title":"J Orthopaedics"},{"issue":"1","key":"5378_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465020300012501","volume":"30","author":"A Miniaci","year":"2002","unstructured":"Miniaci A, Mascia AT, Salonen DC, Becker EJ. Magnetic resonance imaging of the shoulder in asymptomatic professional baseball pitchers. Am J Sports Med. 2002;30(1):66\u201373.","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"5378_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2024.06.001","volume":"32","author":"T Ibounig","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ibounig T, Sanders S, Haas R, Jones M, J\u00e4rvinen TL, Taimela S, et al. Systematic review of shoulder imaging abnormalities in asymptomatic adult shoulders (SCRUTINY): abnormalities of the glenohumeral joint. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2024;32(10):1184\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joca.2024.06.001.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"issue":"4","key":"5378_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A4173","volume":"36","author":"W Brinjikji","year":"2015","unstructured":"Brinjikji W, Luetmer PH, Comstock B, Bresnahan BW, Chen LE, Deyo RA, et al. Systematic literature review of imaging features of spinal degeneration in asymptomatic populations. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2015;36(4):811\u20136.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5378_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004198","volume":"47","author":"R Kasch","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kasch R, Truthmann J, Hancock MJ, Maher CG, Otto M, Nell C, et al. Association of lumbar MRI findings with current and future back pain in a population-based cohort study. Spine. 2022;47(3):201\u201311.","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"5","key":"5378_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2110715","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.10715","volume":"4","author":"L Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen L, Perera RS, Radojcic MR, Beckenkamp PR, Ferreira PH, Hart DJ, et al. Association of lumbar spine radiographic changes with severity of back pain-related disability among middle-aged, community-dwelling women. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(5):e2110715.","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"11","key":"5378_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0800777","volume":"359","author":"M Englund","year":"2008","unstructured":"Englund M, Guermazi A, Gale D, Hunter DJ, Aliabadi P, Clancy M, et al. Incidental meniscal findings on knee MRI in middle-aged and elderly persons. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(11):1108\u201315.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"5378_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e5339","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e5339","volume":"345","author":"A Guermazi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Guermazi A, Niu J, Hayashi D, Roemer FW, Englund M, Neogi T, et al. Prevalence of abnormalities in knees detected by MRI in adults without knee osteoarthritis: population based observational study (Framingham Osteoarthritis Study). BMJ. 2012;345:e5339.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"20","key":"5378_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2018-099257","volume":"53","author":"AG Culvenor","year":"2019","unstructured":"Culvenor AG, Oiestad BE, Hart HF, Stefanik JJ, Guermazi A, Crossley KM. Prevalence of knee osteoarthritis features on magnetic resonance imaging in asymptomatic uninjured adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med. 2019;53(20):1268\u201378.","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"5378_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098264","volume":"52","author":"JJ Heerey","year":"2018","unstructured":"Heerey JJ, Kemp JL, Mosler AB, Jones DM, Pizzari T, Souza RB, et al. What is the prevalence of imaging-defined intra-articular hip pathologies in people with and without pain? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med. 2018;52(9):581\u201393.","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"5378_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2015.12.020","volume":"24","author":"E Dickenson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dickenson E, Wall PD, Robinson B, Fernandez M, Parsons H, Buchbinder R, et al. Prevalence of cam hip shape morphology: a systematic review. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2016;24(6):949\u201361.","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"issue":"12","key":"5378_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2014.08.001","volume":"23","author":"T Teunis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Teunis T, Lubberts B, Reilly BT, Ring D. A systematic review and pooled analysis of the prevalence of rotator cuff disease with increasing age. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2014;23(12):1913\u201321.","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"5378_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23554","volume":"70","author":"G Tran","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tran G, Cowling P, Smith T, Bury J, Lucas A, Barr A, et al. What imaging-detected pathologies are associated with shoulder symptoms and their persistence? A systematic literature review. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2018;70(8):1169\u201384.","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13018-024-05378-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13018-024-05378-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13018-024-05378-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T06:05:26Z","timestamp":1735884326000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/josr-online.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13018-024-05378-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5378"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-024-05378-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1749-799X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1749-799X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethics approval was not sought for this study. This study is a systematic review of study level data. The review does not directly involve human participants. The studies included in the review include human participants for which the individual study investigators would have sought approval from an Ethics Committee or Institutional Board.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"7"}}