{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T17:15:56Z","timestamp":1794244556050,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,17]],"date-time":"2022-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,17]],"date-time":"2022-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cardiothorac Surg"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Henoch-Schonlein purpura is the most common vasculitis in childhood, usually triggered by an upper respiratory tract infection and rarely observed in infective endocarditis patients. <jats:italic>Abiotrophia defectiva<\/jats:italic> is a rare causative agent of infective endocarditis associated with pre-existing heart disease, immunocompromised and prosthetic valves. Dental procedures are also a common predisposing factor.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We present the first pediatric congenital heart disease case of infective endocarditis caused by <jats:italic>Abiotrophia defectiva<\/jats:italic> combined with recurrent Henoch-Schonlein purpura. A 10-year-old girl with uncorrected congenital heart defects and Henoch-Schonlein purpura developed a purple petechial rash again. Transthoracic echocardiography evaluation revealed multiple irregular vegetations on the right ventricular side of the ventricular septal defect and on the tricuspid valve leaflets. Blood cultures grew <jats:italic>Abiotrophia defectiva<\/jats:italic>. The girl received cardiac surgery for vegetation resection as well as congenital heart defect correction and tricuspid valve replacement. Five months after the surgery, the patient was in satisfactory condition without any signs of endocarditis or valve insufficiency and her purpuric rash disappeared.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The coexistence of recurrent Henoch-Schonlein purpura and infective endocarditis is possible. <jats:italic>Abiotrophia defectiva<\/jats:italic> belongs to the streptococcus with a high virulence. In addition, cardiovascular surgery is often required for pediatric infective endocarditis associated with <jats:italic>Abiotrophia defectiva<\/jats:italic>, and bioprosthetic valve replacement is considered feasible for irreparable tricuspid valve in children.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13019-022-02092-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,17]],"date-time":"2022-12-17T00:02:51Z","timestamp":1671235371000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A rare association of invasive infective endocarditis due to Abiotrophia defectiva with ventricular septal defect and recurrent Henoch-Schonlein purpura in a child"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Wenpeng","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuibi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2092_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.12403","volume":"49","author":"P Trnka","year":"2013","unstructured":"Trnka P. Henoch-Schonlein purpura in children. J Paediatr Child Health. 2013;49:995\u20131003.","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health"},{"key":"2092_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-018-1043-2","volume":"20","author":"LL Vincent","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vincent LL, Otto CM. Infective endocarditis: update on epidemiology, outcomes, and management. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2018;20:1\u20139.","journal-title":"Curr Cardiol Rep"},{"key":"2092_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kez041","volume":"58","author":"S Ozen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ozen S, Marks SD, Brogan P, Groot N, de Graeff N, Avcin T, et al. European consensus-based recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of immunoglobulin A vasculitis-the SHARE initiative. Rheumatology. 2019;58:1607\u201316.","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"2092_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2015.30.3.406","volume":"30","author":"SE Ha","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ha SE, Ban TH, Jung SM, Bae KN, Chung BH, Park CW, et al. Henoch-Schonlein purpura secondary to infective endocarditis in a patient with pulmonary valve stenosis and a ventricular septal defect. KOREAN J INTERN MED. 2015;30:406\u201310.","journal-title":"KOREAN J INTERN MED"},{"key":"2092_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2017-312621","volume":"103","author":"J Jortveit","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jortveit J, Klcovansky J, Eskedal L, Birkeland S, D\u00f8hlen G, Holmstr\u00f8m H. Endocarditis in children and adolescents with congenital heart defects: a Norwegian nationwide register-based cohort study. ARCH DIS CHILD. 2018;103:670\u20134.","journal-title":"ARCH DIS CHILD"},{"issue":"15","key":"2092_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000298","volume":"132","author":"RS Baltimore","year":"2015","unstructured":"Baltimore RS, Gewitz M, Baddour LM, Beerman LB, Jackson MA, Lockhart PB, et al. Infective endocarditis in childhood: 2015 update: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2015;132(15):1487\u2013515.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2092_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e241964","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2021-241964","volume":"14","author":"AM Mosca","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mosca AM, Mane F, Marques PC, Medeiros P. Infective endocarditis by a rare and fastidious agent: Abiotrophia defectiva. BMJ Case Rep. 2021;14:e241964.","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"2092_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-013-0541-9","volume":"42","author":"JN Ramos","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ramos JN, Dos SL, Vidal LM, Pereira PM, Salgado AA, Fortes CQ, et al. A case report and literature overview: Abiotrophia defectiva aortic valve endocarditis in developing countries. Infection. 2014;42:579\u201384.","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"2092_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsha.2016.06.003","volume":"29","author":"I Bozkurt","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bozkurt I, Coksevim M, Cerik IB, Gulel O, Tanyel E, Leblebicioglu H. Infective endocarditis with atypical clinical feature and relapse by Abiotrophia defectiva. J Saudi Heart Assoc. 2017;29:136\u20138.","journal-title":"J Saudi Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2092_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3947\/ic.2016.48.3.229","volume":"48","author":"S Park","year":"2016","unstructured":"Park S, Ann HW, Ahn JY, Ku NS, Han SH, Hong GR, et al. A Case of infective endocarditis caused by Abiotrophia defectiva in Korea. Infect Chemother. 2016;48:229\u201333.","journal-title":"Infect Chemother"},{"key":"2092_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2014-207361","author":"JA Pinkney","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pinkney JA, Nagassar RP, Roye-Green KJ, Ferguson T. Abiotrophia defectiva endocarditis. BMJ Case Rep. 2014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2014-207361.","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"2092_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-020-01454-z","volume":"48","author":"SH Song","year":"2020","unstructured":"Song SH, Ahn B, Choi EH, Lee SP, Cho EY, Bae EJ, et al. Abiotrophia defectiva as a cause of infective endocarditis with embolic complications in children. Infection. 2020;48:783\u201390.","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"2092_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acvd.2012.02.013","volume":"105","author":"R Henaine","year":"2012","unstructured":"Henaine R, Roubertie F, Vergnat M, Ninet J. Valve replacement in children: a challenge for a whole life. Arch Cardiovasc Dis. 2012;105:517\u201328.","journal-title":"Arch Cardiovasc Dis"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13019-022-02092-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13019-022-02092-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13019-022-02092-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,17]],"date-time":"2022-12-17T00:05:03Z","timestamp":1671235503000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/cardiothoracicsurgery.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13019-022-02092-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,17]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2092"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13019-022-02092-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1749-8090"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1749-8090","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 May 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 December 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 December 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The study was approved by the Clinical Medical Research Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University (NO. Quick- PJ 2022-06-14) and individual consent for this retrospective analysis was waived.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors have no competing interests","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"320"}}