{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]],"date-time":"2025-01-08T05:14:11Z","timestamp":1736313251915,"version":"3.32.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736208000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cardiothorac Surg"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Thymomas and thymic carcinomas are rare anterior mediastinal tumours, accounting for 0.2\u20131.5% of all cancers. Surgical resection is key to treatment, though invasion of surrounding structures like great vessels can complicate this. This case report details the management of a type B3 thymoma (T4 N0 M0) in a 41-year-old male.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case report<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A 41-year-old male presented with myasthenic symptoms and was diagnosed with a large thymic mass involving the brachiocephalic vein and superior vena cava. After 4 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, partial resection was performed, followed by radiotherapy. Residual disease led to a second surgery, during which tumour resection and vascular reconstruction using cardiopulmonary bypass were successfully completed. Postoperative recovery was uneventful.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Complete resection, including re-resection, when necessary, is crucial for improved outcomes in thymoma patients. Even with great vessel invasion, aggressive surgery, coupled with chemotherapy and vascular reconstruction, can achieve good survival outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Multimodal management, including chemotherapy, complete resection, and vascular reconstruction, offers the best prognosis for invasive thymomas, even with great vessel involvement.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13019-024-03318-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T04:28:58Z","timestamp":1736224138000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multimodal management and complete resection of invasive Type B3 thymoma with vascular reconstruction: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Puiyee Sophia","family":"Chan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akshay J.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Lucchese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Bille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"3318_CR1","unstructured":"Thymoma and thymic carcinoma treatment (PDQ\u00ae) [Internet]. Cancer.gov. 2024."},{"key":"3318_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Markowiak T, Ansari MKA, Neu R, Schalke B, Marx A, Hofmann H-S et al. Evaluation of surgical therapy in advanced thymic tumors. Cancers (Basel) [Internet]. 2021.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13184516"},{"key":"3318_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Lin D, Aramini B, Yang F, Chen X, Wang X, et al. Thymoma and thymic carcinoma: Surgical resection and multidisciplinary treatment. Cancers (Basel) [Internet]; 2023.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15071953"},{"key":"3318_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wright CD, Choi NC, Wain JC, Mathisen DJ, Lynch TJ, Fidias P. Induction chemoradiotherapy followed by resection for locally advanced masaoka stage III and IVA thymic tumors. Ann Thorac Surg [Internet]; 2008.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2007.08.051"},{"key":"3318_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bae MK, Byun CS, Lee CY, Lee JG, Park IK, Kim DJ et al. Clinical outcomes and prognosis of recurrent thymoma management. J Thorac Oncol [Internet]. 2012.","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e3182598a91"},{"key":"3318_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chiappetta M, Grossi U, Sperduti I, Margaritora S, Marulli G, Fiorelli A, et al. Which is the best treatment in recurrent thymoma? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancers (Basel) [Internet]; 2021.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13071559"},{"key":"3318_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fabbri G, Berjaoui N, Lampridis S, Bilkhu R, Chauhan I, Kew EP et al. Salvage surgery for recurrent transdiaphragmatic thymoma in a patient not eligible for chemotherapy. J Surg Case Rep [Internet]. 2024.","DOI":"10.1093\/jscr\/rjae288"},{"key":"3318_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marulli G, Margaritora S, Lucchi M, Cardillo G, Granone P, Mussi A et al. Surgical treatment of recurrent thymoma: is it worthwhile? Eur J Cardiothorac Surg [Internet]. 2016.","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezv086"},{"key":"3318_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ried M, Neu R, Schalke B, von S\u00fc\u00dfkind-Schwendi M, Sziklavari Z, Hofmann H-S. Radical surgical resection of advanced thymoma and thymic carcinoma infiltrating the heart or great vessels with cardiopulmonary bypass support. J Cardiothorac Surg [Internet]. 2015.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13019-015-0346-2"},{"key":"3318_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumar A, Pulle MV, Asaf BB, Shivnani G, Maheshwari A, Puri HV et al. Surgical and oncological outcomes in locally advanced thymoma. Indian J Surg Oncol [Internet]. 2021.","DOI":"10.1007\/s13193-020-01215-2"},{"key":"3318_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cardillo G, Carleo F, Giunti R, Lopergolo MG, Salvadori L, De Massimi AR et al. Predictors of survival in patients with locally advanced thymoma and thymic carcinoma (Masaoka stages III and IVa)\u2606. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg [Internet]. 2010.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2009.11.001"},{"key":"3318_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun Y, Gu C, Shi J, Fang W, Luo Q, Hu D et al. Reconstruction of mediastinal vessels for invasive thymoma: a retrospective analysis of 25 cases. J Thorac Dis [Internet]. 2017.","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2017.03.03"},{"key":"3318_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Graeber GM, Tamim W. Current status of the diagnosis and treatment of thymoma. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg [Internet]; 2000.","DOI":"10.1053\/stcs.2000.17955"},{"key":"3318_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen L, Zhu X, Zhu R, Jin X, Tan L, Chen Y. Cardiopulmonary bypass does not consequentially contribute to postoperative distant metastasis of giant refractory thoracic tumors: a retrospective study with long-term follow\u2010up. Thorac Cancer [Internet]; 2021.","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.14162"},{"key":"3318_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang T, Hui R, Wu Q, Tian J, Chen H. An invasive thymoma extending into the superior vena cava and right atrium. Ann Transl Med [Internet]. 2019.","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2019.08.59"},{"key":"3318_CR16","unstructured":"Lee GD, Kim HR, Choi SH, Kim Y-H, Kim DK, Park S-I. Prosthetic graft interposition of the brachiocephalic veins or superior vena cava combined with resection of malignant tumours: graft patency and risk factors for graft occlusion. J Thorac Disease [Internet]. 2016."}],"container-title":["Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13019-024-03318-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13019-024-03318-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13019-024-03318-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T05:11:34Z","timestamp":1736226694000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/cardiothoracicsurgery.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13019-024-03318-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3318"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13019-024-03318-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1749-8090"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1749-8090","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors are accountable for all aspects of the work, ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee(s) and with the Helsinki Declaration (as revised in 2013).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patients for the publication of this case report and accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the editorial office of this journal.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"40"}}