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Stapf (ATS) is a rare Tibetan medicinal plant that belongs to the Ranunculaceae family. This herb is mainly distributed in the high-altitude areas of Qinghai, Gansu\u00a0provinces, and Tibetan Autonomous Region in China. In Tibetan medicine, ATS is mainly used to treat lung inflammation, hepatitis, gastrointestinal diseases, influenza, fever caused by infectious diseases, food poisoning, snake and scorpion bites, and yellow water disease. ATS has anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and other pharmacological effects, according to recent research. It is welltolerated by individuals from diverse\u00a0ethnic groups and has a long history of use in Tibetan medicine.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim of the study<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigated the preventive effects of ATS alcoholic extract on acute lung injury (ALI) in mice and aimed to elucidate its possible mechanism of action.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alveolar epithelial cells A549 and specific pathogen-free C57BL\/6 mice were induced with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish ALI models both\u00a0in vivo and in vitro and to explore the pharmacological effects and therapeutic mechanisms of ATS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ATS down-regulated the mRNA levels of inflammatory factors NF-\u03baB p65, TNF-\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2, and IL-8, inhibited the release of reactive oxygen species, inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition caused by sustained cell injury, promoted the Keap1\/Nrf2\/HO-1 signalling pathway, reduced the degree of oxidative stress in vivo, and inhibited the production of proteins associated with LPS-induced ferroptosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Tibetan medicine ATS reduced pulmonary haemorrhage and oedema in ALI mice, alleviated the degree of lung tissue lesions, inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors and apoptosis, and plays a preventive role against acute lung injury in mice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-025-01072-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T06:25:56Z","timestamp":1739341556000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The preventive effect and mechanism of Tibetan medicine Aconitum tanguticum (Maxim.) 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Experimental animal license number SCXK(Liao)2020-0001. At South-Central Minzu University\u2019s Experimental Animal Center, the mice were kept in SPF-grade animal barriers. All procedures involving the use of experimental animals are carried out strictly in compliance with the rules established by the South-Central Minzu University\u2019s Animal Ethics Committee and the international NIH standards.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors critically reviewed the content of the manuscript. The consent for publication was obtained from all authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"21"}}