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However, little is known about its prognostic value in adult patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This single center retrospective\u00a0study was conducted to explore the prognostic value of IL-10 in 101 adults newly diagnosed with HLH. The serum interleukin levels were quantitatively determined by chemiluminescence using cytokine profiling kits.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Serum IL-10 levels were significantly increased in adult HLH patients. Elevated IL-10 levels was correlated with lower concentrations of hemoglobin (r\u2009=\u2009\u2009\u2212\u20090.279, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005). IL-10 levels were significantly lower in patients with macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) than in those with infection-associated HLH (IAHS) and malignancy-associated HLH (MAHS) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.033, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.012). Patients with MAS had relatively longer survival than those with IAHS and MAHS (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Univariate analysis indicated that hemoglobin\u2009&lt;\u20098.2\u00a0g\/dL, platelets\u2009&lt;\u200940\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\/L, lactate dehydrogenase\u2009\u2265\u2009700\u00a0IU\/L, albumin\u2009&lt;\u200928\u00a0g\/L, post-treatment ferritin\u2009&gt;\u20091050\u00a0\u00b5g\/L and IL-10\u2009\u2265\u2009129\u00a0pg\/mL were poor prognostic factors for survival. However, multivariate analysis revealed that only high serum IL-10 levels (\u2265\u2009129\u00a0pg\/mL) at diagnosis and high post-treatment ferritin levels (&gt;\u20091050\u00a0\u00b5g\/L) were independent risk factors for poor overall survival in adult HLH patients (HR: 4.087, 95% CI 2.064\u20138.090, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; HR 3.814, 95% CI 2.042\u20137.126, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our results suggest that higher serum IL-10 levels might be a prognostic marker in adult HLH patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-021-01973-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]],"date-time":"2021-08-04T09:03:05Z","timestamp":1628067785000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Increased levels of serum interleukin-10 are associated with poor outcome in adult hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis patients"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yulan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fancong","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shixuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yawen","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Songtao","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7765-5975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"1973_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.4037\/aacnacc2019463","volume":"30","author":"J Skinner","year":"2019","unstructured":"Skinner J, Yankey B, Shelton BK. 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