{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T20:21:59Z","timestamp":1762978919846,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727395200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Orphanet J Rare Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Stiff person syndrome spectrum disorders (SPSD) are rare, disabling disorders of the nervous system that are associated with risk factors for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, limited data exist on the overall impact of COVID-19 on SPSD.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Patients with SPSD and COVID-19 who are followed at Johns Hopkins SPS Center were included. Demographics and SPSD characteristics along with COVID-19-specific data were recorded.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Thirty-five cases of SPSD with COVID-19 cases were reported during the study time period. Mean age of the cohort was 56 (SD\u2009\u00b1\u200910) and most were female (66.7%). Eighty percent of the COVID-19 cases were confirmed with testing, and the rest were highly suggestive of COVID-19. COVID-19 comorbidities among patients were hypertension (n\u2009=\u20096), diabetes (n\u2009=\u20096), obesity (n\u2009=\u20095), and cardiovascular disease (n\u2009=\u20094). The majority of participants were on immune therapies and\/or benzodiazepines. Out of the cases reported, only 2 required hospitalization, both of whom had diabetes, and one was on immunosuppressive therapy. The majority of cases were post-full-vaccination cases. Fever was the most common COVID-19-associated symptom. Transient neurological symptoms were also reported.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Risk factors for developing severe COVID-19 in SPSD appear to be the same as historical data in the general population. Importantly, COVID-19 did not appear to be associated with worsening SPSD post-COVID-19. Vaccination may have played a role in preventing severe cases of COVID-19.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-024-03357-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T11:02:41Z","timestamp":1727434961000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["COVID-19 risk factors and outcomes in individuals with stiff person syndrome spectrum disorders before and after omicron"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Hanyeh","family":"Afshar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashley","family":"Miles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Herbert R.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5284-4681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Scott D.","family":"Newsome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"3357_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-131-7-199910050-00008","volume":"131","author":"LM Levy","year":"1999","unstructured":"Levy LM, Dalakas MC, Floeter MK. 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