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Percutaneous transluminal pulmonary venoplasty (PTPV) is an emerging treatment for pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) caused by FM. Our previous study showed as high as 24% of in-stent restenosis (ISR) in FM. However, the predictors of ISR are elusive.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We sought to identify the predictors of ISR in patients with PVS caused by extraluminal compression due to FM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively enrolled patients with PVS-FM who underwent PTPV between July 1, 2018, and December 31, 2022. According to ISR status, patients were divided into two groups: the ISR group and the non-ISR group. Baseline characteristics (demographics and lesions) and procedure-related information were abstracted from patient records and analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the predictors of ISR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 142 stents were implanted in 134 PVs of 65 patients with PVS-FM. Over a median follow-up of 6.6 (3.4\u201315.7) months, 61 of 134 PVs suffered from ISR. Multivariate analysis demonstrated a significantly lower risk of ISR in PVs with a larger reference vessel diameter (RVD) (odds ratio (OR): 0.79; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.64 to 0.98;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.032), and stenosis of the corresponding pulmonary artery (Cor-PA) independently increased the risk of restenosis (OR: 3.41; 95% CI: 1.31 to 8.86;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.012). The cumulative ISR was 6.3%, 21.4%, and 39.2% at the 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ISR is very high in PVS-FM, which is independently associated with RVD and Cor-PA stenosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trail Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Chinese Clinical Trials Register; No.: ChiCTR2000033153. URL:\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\">http:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-024-03391-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,13]],"date-time":"2024-10-13T23:12:28Z","timestamp":1728861148000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Incidence and predictors of in-stent restenosis following intervention for pulmonary vein stenosis due to fibrosing mediastinitis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Mengfei","family":"Jia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongling","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaiyu","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aqian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoxia","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hai","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuechun","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiwei","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8463-1093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunshan","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"3391_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.21.3.g01ma17737","volume":"21","author":"SE Rossi","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rossi SE, McAdams HP, Rosado-de-Christenson ML, Franks TJ, Galvin JR. 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