{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T20:45:45Z","timestamp":1794257145091,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,3]],"date-time":"2021-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633219200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,3]],"date-time":"2021-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009002","name":"ministry of education and science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["kakenhi C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["kakenhi C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioPsychoSocial Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cognitive\u2013behavioral therapy (CBT) helps individuals to eliminate avoidant and safety-seeking behaviors that prevent self-correction of faulty beliefs, thereby facilitating stress management to reduce stress-related disorders and enhance mental health. The present review evaluated the effectiveness of CBT in stressful conditions among clinical and general populations, and identified recent advances in CBT-related techniques. A search of the literature for studies conducted during 1987\u20132021 identified 345 articles relating to biopsychosocial medicine; 154 (45%) were review articles, including 14 systemic reviews, and 53 (15%) were clinical trials including 45 randomized controlled trials. The results of several randomized controlled trials indicated that CBT was effective for a variety of mental problems (e.g., anxiety disorder, attention deficit hypersensitivity disorder, bulimia nervosa, depression, hypochondriasis), physical conditions (e.g., chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, breast cancer), and behavioral problems (e.g., antisocial behaviors, drug abuse, gambling, overweight, smoking), at least in the short term; more follow-up observations are needed to assess the long-term effects of CBT. Mental and physical problems can likely be managed effectively with online CBT or self-help CBT using a mobile app, but these should be applied with care, considering their cost-effectiveness and applicability to a given population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13030-021-00219-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]],"date-time":"2021-10-04T12:36:12Z","timestamp":1633350972000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":327,"title":["Cognitive\u2013behavioral therapy for management of mental health and stress-related disorders: Recent advances in techniques and technologies"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Mutsuhiro","family":"Nakao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kentaro","family":"Shirotsuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nagisa","family":"Sugaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"219_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-012-9476-1","volume":"36","author":"SG Hofmann","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hofmann SG, Asnaani A, Vonk IJ, Sawyer AT, Fang A. The efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy: a review of meta-analyses. Cognit Ther Res. 2012;36:427\u201340.","journal-title":"Cognit Ther Res"},{"key":"219_CR2","first-page":"1","volume":"8","author":"SE Blackwell","year":"2021","unstructured":"Blackwell SE, Heidenreich T. Cognitive behavior therapy at the crossroads. Int J Cogn Ther. 2021;8:1\u201322.","journal-title":"Int J Cogn Ther"},{"key":"219_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.46.4.368","volume":"46","author":"AT Beck","year":"1991","unstructured":"Beck AT. Cognitive therapy. A 30-year retrospective. Am Psychol. 1991;46:368\u201375.","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"key":"219_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2017.07.001","volume":"49","author":"AF Soler","year":"2018","unstructured":"Soler AF, Cebolla A, McCracken LM, D'Amico F, Knapp M, L\u00f3pez-Montoyo A, et al. Economic impact of third-wave cognitive behavioral therapies: a systematic review and quality assessment of economic evaluations in randomized controlled trials. Behav Ther. 2018;49:124\u201347.","journal-title":"Behav Ther"},{"key":"219_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1080\/08964289.1990.9934605","volume":"16","author":"CJ Hellman","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hellman CJ, Budd M, Borysenko J, McClelland DC, Benson H. A study of the effectiveness of two group behavioral medicine interventions for patients with psychosomatic complaints. Behav Med. 1990;16:165\u201373.","journal-title":"Behav Med"},{"key":"219_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1159\/000487599","volume":"87","author":"J Wendt","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wendt J, Hamm AO, Pan\u00e9-Farr\u00e9 CA, Thayer JF, Gerlach A, Gloster AT, et al. Pretreatment cardiac vagal tone predicts dropout from and residual symptoms after exposure therapy in patients with panic disorder and agoraphobia. Psychother Psychosom. 2018;87:187\u20139.","journal-title":"Psychother Psychosom"},{"key":"219_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.10.043","volume":"152","author":"S Schmidt","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schmidt S, Grossman P, Schwarzer B, Jena S, Naumann J, Walach H. Treating fibromyalgia with mindfulness-based stress reduction: results from a 3-armed randomized controlled trial. Pain. 2011;152:361\u20139.","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"219_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s13030-017-0111-y","volume":"11","author":"K Shirotsuki","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shirotsuki K, Nonaka Y, Takano J, Abe K, Adachi SI, Adachi S, et al. Brief internet-based cognitive behavior therapy program with a supplement drink improved anxiety and somatic symptoms in Japanese workers. Biopsychosoc Med. 2017;11:25.","journal-title":"Biopsychosoc Med"},{"key":"219_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1093\/jmt\/thv011","volume":"52","author":"BD Beck","year":"2015","unstructured":"Beck BD, Hansen \u00c5M, Gold C. Coping with work-related stress through guided imagery and music: randomized controlled trial. J Music Ther. 2015;52:323\u201352.","journal-title":"J Music Ther"},{"key":"219_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2015.08.007","volume":"100","author":"MD Cheatle","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cheatle MD. Biopsychosocial approach to assessing and managing patients with chronic pain. Med Clin North Am. 2016;100:43\u201353.","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"219_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.2323","volume":"315","author":"DC Cherkin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cherkin DC, Sherman KJ, Balderson BH, Cook AJ, Anderson ML, Hawkes RJ, et al. Effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction vs cognitive behavioral therapy or usual care on back pain and functional limitations in adults with chronic low back pain: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2016;315:1240\u20139.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"219_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(98)00117-1","volume":"77","author":"PF Verhaak","year":"1998","unstructured":"Verhaak PF, Kerssens JJ, Dekker J, Sorbi MJ, Bensing JM. Prevalence of chronic benign pain disorder among adults: a review of the literature. Pain. 1998;77:231\u20139.","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"219_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psym.2011.09.006","volume":"53","author":"M Nakao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nakao M, Shinozaki Y, Nolido N, Ahern DK, Barsky AJ. Responsiveness of hypochondriacal patients with chronic low-back pain to cognitive-behavioral therapy. Psychosomatics. 2012;53:139\u201347.","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"219_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.291.12.1464","volume":"291","author":"AJ Barsky","year":"2004","unstructured":"Barsky AJ, Ahern DK. Cognitive\u2013behavior therapy for hypochondriasis: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2004;291:1464\u201370.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"219_CR15","unstructured":"Cochrane library. Cochrane reviews. [https:\/\/www.cochranelibrary.com\/] Accessed 15 June 2021."},{"key":"219_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113119","volume":"291","author":"B Cludius","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cludius B, Landmann S, Rose N, Heidenreich T, Hottenrott B, Schr\u00f6der J, et al. Long-term effects of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and residual symptoms after cognitive behavioral therapy: twelve-month follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. Psychiatry Res. 2020;291:113\u20139.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"219_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1819.2010.02182.x","volume":"65","author":"Y Ono","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ono Y, Furukawa TA, Shimizu E, Okamoto Y, Nakagawa A, Fujisawa D, et al. Current status of research on cognitive therapy\/cognitive behavior therapy in Japan. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2011;65:121\u20139.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"219_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2020.07.008","volume":"23","author":"Q Wu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu Q, Li J, Parrott S, L\u00f3pez-L\u00f3pez JA, Davies SR, Caldwell DM, et al. Cost-effectiveness of different formats for delivery of cognitive behavioral therapy for depression: a systematic review based economic model. Value Health. 2020;23:1662\u201370.","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"219_CR19","first-page":"529107","volume":"2015","author":"N Yoshinaga","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yoshinaga N, Nosaki A, Hayashi Y, Tanoue H, Shimizu E, Kunikata H, et al. Cognitive behavioral therapy in psychiatric nursing in Japan. Nurs Res Pract. 2015;2015:529107.","journal-title":"Nurs Res Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"219_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s13030-020-00204-9","volume":"14","author":"M Nakao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nakao M, Komaki G, Yoshiuchi K, Deter HC, Fukudo S. Biopsychosocial medicine research trends: connecting clinical medicine, psychology, and public health. Biopsychosoc Med. 2020;14(1):30.","journal-title":"Biopsychosoc Med"}],"container-title":["BioPsychoSocial Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13030-021-00219-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13030-021-00219-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13030-021-00219-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]],"date-time":"2021-10-04T12:38:28Z","timestamp":1633351108000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bpsmedicine.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13030-021-00219-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,3]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["219"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13030-021-00219-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1751-0759"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1751-0759","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 July 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 September 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 October 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors have consented to the publication of this manuscript.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"16"}}