{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T16:15:15Z","timestamp":1791648915305,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]],"date-time":"2022-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654214400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]],"date-time":"2022-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["19K19738"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K19738"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Parent\u2013child relationships, the rearing attitudes of parents toward their children as well as the interactive relationships, such as play and cultural activities that parents and children enjoy together, serve as important factors in predicting a child\u2019s growth and development. These experiences of annual events celebrated with the family may be related to the school-age child\u2019s development. However, this relationship has not been investigated sufficiently. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the relationship between the experience of annual events observed in the family and a child\u2019s social adjustment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In 2019, a self-administered questionnaire survey targeting fifth graders (ages 10\u201311) in Japan was conducted with children\u2019s parents. Major survey items included participants\u2019 characteristics (child\u2019s sex, family composition, siblings,\u00a0household income, and parents\u2019 educational backgrounds), annual events observed in the family (<jats:italic>Setsubun<\/jats:italic> or the day before the start of spring, Mother\u2019s Day, Father\u2019s Day, the <jats:italic>Tanabata<\/jats:italic> or Weaver Festival, Respect for the Aged Day, Winter solstice, etc.), and the child\u2019s social adjustment (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire). A total of 653 children who met the criteria of not having any developmental disorders were included as participants for the analysis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The participants had celebrated an average of 15.47 (\u00b1\u20095.52) annual events with their families that year. The number of annual events celebrated was significantly related to family composition and the parents\u2019 educational backgrounds. We found that children who came from families with numerous experiences of annual events were more likely to have higher prosocial behavior and were less likely to have externalizing or internalizing problems. The same pattern was found even after adjusting for the family\u2019s socioeconomic background and other factors; that is, children who came from families having diverse experiences of annual events were more likely to show prosocial tendencies.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our findings suggest that the experience of annual events observed with family potentially enhances a child\u2019s prosocial behavior. Thus, celebrating and preserving cultural and personal events in the amily context may be an important developmental experience in terms of children\u2019s social adjustment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13034-022-00475-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]],"date-time":"2022-06-03T13:04:15Z","timestamp":1654261455000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Experience of annual events in the family and social adjustment of school-age children"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Rikuya","family":"Hosokawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiki","family":"Katsura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuya","family":"Taira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"475_CR1","unstructured":"Miyamoto K, Ikesako H. Fostering social and emotional skills through families, schools and communities: summary of international evidence and implication for Japan\u2019s educational practices and research; 2015"},{"key":"475_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7687.2008.00688.x","volume":"11","author":"MJ Farah","year":"2008","unstructured":"Farah MJ, Betancourt L, Shera DM, Savage JH, Giannetta JM, Brodsky NL, et al. Environmental stimulation, parental nurturance and cognitive development in humans. Dev Sci. 2008;11:793\u2013801. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-7687.2008.00688.x.","journal-title":"Dev Sci"},{"key":"475_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecresq.2005.01.006","volume":"20","author":"MA Foster","year":"2005","unstructured":"Foster MA, Lambert R, Abbott-Shim M, McCarty F, Franze S. A model of home learning environment and social risk factors in relation to children\u2019s emergent literacy and social outcomes. Early Child Res Q. 2005;20:13\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecresq.2005.01.006.","journal-title":"Early Child Res Q"},{"key":"475_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.57.102904.190057","volume":"57","author":"GW Evans","year":"2006","unstructured":"Evans GW. Child development and the physical environment. Annu Rev Psychol. 2006;57:423\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.psych.57.102904.190057.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"key":"475_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.2307\/353512","volume":"58","author":"C Coughlin","year":"1996","unstructured":"Coughlin C, Vuchinich S. Family experience in preadolescence and the development of male delinquency. J Marriage Fam. 1996;58:491\u2013501.","journal-title":"J Marriage Fam"},{"key":"475_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2233","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0598-14.2015","volume":"35","author":"H Takeuchi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Takeuchi H, Taki Y, Hashizume H, Asano K, Asano M, Sassa Y, et al. The impact of parent\u2013child interaction on brain structures: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. J Neurosci. 2015;35:2233\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0598-14.2015.","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"475_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1007\/s13524-017-0563-5","volume":"54","author":"SH Bzostek","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bzostek SH, Berger LM. Family structure experiences and child socioemotional development during the first nine years of life: examining heterogeneity by family structure at birth. Demography. 2017;54:513\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13524-017-0563-5.","journal-title":"Demography"},{"key":"475_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1080\/03004430.2018.1489382","volume":"190","author":"CA Brownell","year":"2020","unstructured":"Brownell CA, Drummond J. Early childcare and family experiences predict development of prosocial behaviour in first grade. Early Child Dev Care. 2020;190:712\u201337.","journal-title":"Early Child Dev Care"},{"key":"475_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/25.7.471","volume":"25","author":"S Markson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Markson S, Fiese BH. Family rituals as a protective factor for children with asthma. J Pediatr Psychol. 2000;25:471\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jpepsy\/25.7.471.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Psychol"},{"key":"475_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0893-3200.16.4.381","volume":"16","author":"BH Fiese","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fiese BH, Tomcho TJ, Douglas M, Josephs K, Poltrock S, Baker T. A review of 50 years of research on naturally occurring family routines and rituals: cause for celebration? J Fam Psychol. 2002;16:381\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/\/0893-3200.16.4.381.","journal-title":"J Fam Psychol"},{"key":"475_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fiese BH. Routines and rituals: opportunities for participation in Family Health. OTJR (Thorofare, NJ). 2007;27:41S\u20139S","DOI":"10.1177\/15394492070270S106"},{"key":"475_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167214522836","volume":"40","author":"M Becker","year":"2014","unstructured":"Becker M, Vignoles VL, Owe E, Easterbrook MJ, Brown R, Smith PB, et al. Cultural bases for self-evaluation: seeing oneself positively in different cultural contexts. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2014;40:657\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0146167214522836.","journal-title":"Pers Soc Psychol Bull"},{"key":"475_CR13","unstructured":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Educational guidelines for kindergartens. https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/www.mext.go.jp\/a_menu\/shotou\/new-cs\/youryou\/you\/index.htm. Accessed 23 Dec 2021."},{"key":"475_CR14","unstructured":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. Nursery school childcare guidelines. https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/file\/06-Seisakujouhou-11900000-Koyoukintoujidoukateikyoku\/0000202211.pdf. Accessed 23 Dec 2021."},{"key":"475_CR15","unstructured":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Curriculum guidelines for elementary schools; 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/www.mext.go.jp\/a_menu\/shotou\/new-cs\/youryou\/syo\/. Accessed 23 Dec 2021."},{"key":"475_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01545.x","volume":"38","author":"R Goodman","year":"1997","unstructured":"Goodman R. The strengths and difficulties questionnaire: a research note. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1997;38:581\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01545.x.","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"475_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181985068","volume":"48","author":"A Goodman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Goodman A, Goodman R. Strengths and difficulties questionnaire as a dimensional measure of child mental health. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2009;48:400\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181985068.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"475_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-010-9434-x","volume":"38","author":"A Goodman","year":"2010","unstructured":"Goodman A, Lamping DL, Ploubidis GB. When to use broader internalising and externalising subscales instead of the hypothesised five subscales on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ): data from British parents, teachers and children. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2010;38:1179\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10802-010-9434-x.","journal-title":"J Abnorm Child Psychol"},{"key":"475_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00494","volume":"40","author":"R Goodman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Goodman R. The extended version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire as a guide to child psychiatric caseness and consequent burden. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1999;40:791\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1469-7610.00494.","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"475_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1080\/0954026021000046128","volume":"15","author":"R Goodman","year":"2003","unstructured":"Goodman R, Ford T, Simmons H, Gatward R, Meltzer H. Using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) to screen for child psychiatric disorders in a community sample. Int Rev Psychiatry. 2003;15:166\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/0954026021000046128.","journal-title":"Int Rev Psychiatry"},{"key":"475_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2007.12.003","volume":"30","author":"T Matsuishi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Matsuishi T, Nagano M, Araki Y, Tanaka Y, Iwasaki M, Yamashita Y, et al. Scale properties of the Japanese version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ): a study of infant and school children in community samples. Brain Dev. 2008;30:410\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.braindev.2007.12.003.","journal-title":"Brain Dev"},{"key":"475_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.2307\/1128457","volume":"47","author":"RH Bradley","year":"1976","unstructured":"Bradley RH, Caldwell BM. The relation of infants\u2019 home environments to mental test performance at fifty-four months: a follow-up study. Child Dev. 1976;47:1172\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/1128457.","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"475_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1177\/1074840703255447","volume":"9","author":"SA Denham","year":"2003","unstructured":"Denham SA. Relationships between family rituals, family routines, and health. J Fam Nurs. 2003;9:305\u201330.","journal-title":"J Fam Nurs"},{"key":"475_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1177\/027112149701700407","volume":"17","author":"LA Schuck","year":"1997","unstructured":"Schuck LA, Bucy JE. Family rituals: implications for early intervention. Topics Early Child Spec Educ. 1997;17:477\u201393.","journal-title":"Topics Early Child Spec Educ"},{"key":"475_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1177\/027112140202200401","volume":"22","author":"RR Fewell","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fewell RR, Deutscher B. Contributions of receptive vocabulary and maternal style: Variables to later verbal ability and reading in low- birthweight children. Top Early Child Spec Educ. 2002;22:181\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/027112140202200401.","journal-title":"Top Early Child Spec Educ"},{"key":"475_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1097\/01.IYC.0000290352.32170.5a","volume":"20","author":"M Spagnola","year":"2007","unstructured":"Spagnola M, Fiese BH. Family routines and rituals: a context for development in the lives of young children. Infants Young Child. 2007;20:284\u201399.","journal-title":"Infants Young Child"},{"key":"475_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1080\/00207594.2013.806811","volume":"48","author":"C Crespo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Crespo C, Santos S, Canavarro MC, Kielpikowski M, Pryor J, F\u00e9res-Carneiro T. Family routines and rituals in the context of chronic conditions: a review. Int J Psychol. 2013;48:729\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00207594.2013.806811.","journal-title":"Int J Psychol"},{"key":"475_CR28","unstructured":"Statistics Bureau of Japan. Census; 2015. https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/www.stat.go.jp\/data\/kokusei\/2015\/index.html Accessed 23 Dec 2021."}],"container-title":["Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13034-022-00475-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13034-022-00475-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13034-022-00475-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]],"date-time":"2022-06-03T13:08:15Z","timestamp":1654261695000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/capmh.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13034-022-00475-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["475"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13034-022-00475-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1753-2000"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1753-2000","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 January 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 May 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 June 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, Ethics Committee (E2322). We explained the objectives of the study to the participants and obtained consent from those who agreed to participate.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"39"}}