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MiR-212-5p has previously been reported to be downregulated in extracellular vesicles following TBI. To investigate whether miR-212-5p is involved in the ferroptotic neuronal death in TBI mice, we first examined the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and ferrous ion, and the expression of ferroptosis-related molecules at 6\u2009h, 12\u2009h, 24\u2009h, 48\u2009h and 72\u2009h following controlled cortical impact (CCI) in mice. There was a significant upregulation in the expression of\n                    <jats:italic>Gpx4<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Acsl4<\/jats:italic>\n                    at 6\u2009h,\n                    <jats:italic>Slc7a11<\/jats:italic>\n                    from 12\u2009h to 72\u2009h, and\n                    <jats:italic>Nox2<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Sat1<\/jats:italic>\n                    from 6\u2009h to 72\u2009h post injury. Similarly, an upregulation in the expression of Gpx4 at 6\u2009h, Nox2 from 6\u2009h to 72\u2009h, xCT from 12\u2009h to 72\u2009h, and Sat1 at 72\u2009h after CCI was observed at the protein level. Interestingly, MDA and ferrous ion were increased whereas miR-212-5p was decreased in the CCI group compared to the sham group. Furthermore, we found that overexpression of miR-212-5p attenuated ferroptosis while downregulation of miR-212-5p promoted ferroptotic cell death partially by targeting prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase-2 (Ptgs2) in HT-22 and Neuro-2a cell lines. In addition, administration of miR-212-5p in CCI mice significantly improved learning and spatial memory. Collectively, these findings indicate that miR-212-5p may protect against ferroptotic neuronal death in CCI mice partially by targeting Ptgs2.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13041-019-0501-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,18]],"date-time":"2019-09-18T07:05:02Z","timestamp":1568790302000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":163,"title":["miR-212-5p attenuates ferroptotic neuronal death after traumatic brain injury by targeting Ptgs2"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Xiao","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youjing","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weibo","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanyun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuqiang","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"He","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linbo","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7578","key":"501_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S193","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16035","volume":"527","author":"AM Rubiano","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rubiano AM, Carney N, Chesnut R, Puyana JC. 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