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disorder caused by the segmental deletion of human chromosome 22. This chromosomal deletion is known as high genetic risk factors for various psychiatric disorders. The different deletion types are identified in 22q11.2DS patients, including the most common 3.0-Mb deletion, and the less-frequent 1.5-Mb and 1.4-Mb deletions. In previous animal studies of psychiatric disorders associated with 22q11.2DS mainly focused on the 1.5-Mb deletion and model mice mimicking the human 1.5-Mb deletion have been established with diverse genetic backgrounds, which resulted in the contradictory phenotypes. On the other hand, the contribution of the genes in 1.4-Mb region to psychiatric disorders is poorly understood. In this study, we generated two mouse lines that reproduced the 1.4-Mb and 1.5-Mb deletions of 22q11.2DS [\n                    <jats:italic>Del(1.4\u00a0Mb)\/<\/jats:italic>\n                    +\u2009and\n                    <jats:italic>Del(1.5\u00a0Mb)\/<\/jats:italic>\n                    +] on the pure C57BL\/6N genetic background. These mutant mice were analyzed comprehensively by behavioral tests, such as measurement of locomotor activity, sociability, prepulse inhibition and fear-conditioning memory.\n                    <jats:italic>Del(1.4\u00a0Mb)\/<\/jats:italic>\n                    +\u2009mice displayed decreased locomotor activity, but no abnormalities were observed in all other behavioral tests.\n                    <jats:italic>Del(1.5\u00a0Mb)\/<\/jats:italic>\n                    +\u2009mice showed reduction of prepulse inhibition and impairment of contextual- and cued-dependent fear memory, which is consistent with previous reports. Furthermore, apparently intact social recognition in\n                    <jats:italic>Del(1.4\u00a0Mb)\/<\/jats:italic>\n                    +\u2009and\n                    <jats:italic>Del(1.5\u00a0Mb)\/<\/jats:italic>\n                    +\u2009mice suggests that the impaired social recognition observed in\n                    <jats:italic>Del(3.0\u00a0Mb)\/<\/jats:italic>\n                    +\u2009mice mimicking the human 3.0-Mb deletion requires mutations both in 1.4-Mb and 1.5\u00a0Mb regions. Our previous study has shown that\n                    <jats:italic>Del(3.0\u00a0Mb)\/<\/jats:italic>\n                    +\u2009mice presented disturbance of behavioral circadian rhythm. Therefore, we further evaluated sleep\/wakefulness cycles in\n                    <jats:italic>Del(3.0\u00a0Mb)\/<\/jats:italic>\n                    +\u2009mice by electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG) recording. EEG\/EMG analysis revealed the disturbed wakefulness and non-rapid eye moving sleep (NREMS) cycles in\n                    <jats:italic>Del(3.0\u00a0Mb)\/<\/jats:italic>\n                    +\u2009mice, suggesting that\n                    <jats:italic>Del(3.0\u00a0Mb)\/<\/jats:italic>\n                    +\u2009mice may be unable to maintain their wakefulness. Together, our mouse models deepen our understanding of genetic contributions to schizophrenic phenotypes related to 22q11.2DS.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13041-021-00778-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,12]],"date-time":"2021-04-12T13:03:00Z","timestamp":1618232580000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Two novel mouse models mimicking minor deletions in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome revealed the contribution of each deleted region to psychiatric disorders"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ryo","family":"Saito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chika","family":"Miyoshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michinori","family":"Koebis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Itaru","family":"Kushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuki","family":"Nakao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norio","family":"Ozaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiromasa","family":"Funato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masashi","family":"Yanagisawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8192-0778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atsu","family":"Aiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"778_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.35.9.789-a","volume":"35","author":"K Devriendt","year":"1998","unstructured":"Devriendt K, Fryns JP, Mortier G, van Thienen MK, Keymolen K. 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