{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:14:57Z","timestamp":1787242497256,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]],"date-time":"2022-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644451200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]],"date-time":"2022-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644451200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2018YFE0126700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFE0126700"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82001372"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82001372"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Open Topic Research Program of Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science","award":["NYKFKT20190010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NYKFKT20190010"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Commission of Science and Technology Program","award":["21dz2210100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21dz2210100"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project","award":["2021SHZDZX"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021SHZDZX"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Education Commission Research and Innovation Program","award":["2019-01-07-00-02-E00037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-01-07-00-02-E00037"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005230","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0130"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005230","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Brain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Epilepsy has been extensively studied as a common neurological disease. Efforts have been made on rodent and other animal models to reveal the pathogenic mechanisms of epilepsy and develop new drugs for treatment. However, the features of current epilepsy models cannot fully mimic different types of epilepsy in humans, hence non-human primate models of epilepsy are required. The common marmoset (\n                    <jats:italic>Callithrix jacchus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) is a New World monkey that is widely used to study brain function. Here, we present a natural marmoset model of generalized epilepsy. In this unique marmoset family, generalized epilepsy was successfully induced by handling operations in some individuals. We mapped the marmoset family with handling-sensitive epilepsy and found that the epileptic phenotype can be inherited. These marmosets were more sensitive to the epilepsy inducers pentylenetetrazol. Using electrocorticogram (ECoG) recordings, we detected epileptiform discharge in marmosets with a history of seizures. In summary, we report a family of marmosets with generalized seizures induced by handling operations. This epileptic marmoset family provides insights to better understand the mechanism of generalized epilepsy and helps to develop new therapeutic methods.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13041-022-00901-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]],"date-time":"2022-02-10T08:04:49Z","timestamp":1644480289000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A natural marmoset model of genetic generalized epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Xiangyu","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhitang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongyong","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neng","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binglei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yifang","family":"Kuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eiki","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5384-4838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weidong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"901_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32596-0","volume":"393","author":"RD Thijs","year":"2019","unstructured":"Thijs RD, Surges R, O\u2019Brien TJ, Sander JW. Epilepsy in adults. Lancet. 2019;393:689\u2013701.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"901_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2010.178","volume":"7","author":"A Vezzani","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vezzani A, French J, Bartfai T, Baram TZ. The role of inflammation in epilepsy. Nat Rev Neurol. 2011;7:31.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"901_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2005.00309.x","volume":"46","author":"P Jallon","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jallon P, Latour P. Epidemiology of idiopathic generalized epilepsies. Epilepsia. 2005;46:10\u20134.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"901_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3934","volume":"18","author":"BP Grone","year":"2015","unstructured":"Grone BP, Baraban SC. Animal models in epilepsy research: legacies and new directions. Nat Neurosci. 2015;18:339\u201343.","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"901_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16089","volume":"60","author":"L Croll","year":"2019","unstructured":"Croll L, Szabo CA, Abou-Madi N, Devinsky O. Epilepsy in nonhuman primates. Epilepsia. 2019;60:1526\u201338.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"901_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1966.tb03798.x","volume":"7","author":"K Killam","year":"1966","unstructured":"Killam K, Naquet R, Bert J. Paroxysmal responses to intermittent light stimulation in a population of baboons (Papio papio). Epilepsia. 1966;7:215\u20139.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"901_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-05080-5_18","volume-title":"Animal models of photosensitivity: clinical significance and windows into mechanisms. The importance of photosensitivity for epilepsy","author":"C\u00c1 Szab\u00f3","year":"2021","unstructured":"Szab\u00f3 C\u00c1, Fischer A. Animal models of photosensitivity: clinical significance and windows into mechanisms. The importance of photosensitivity for epilepsy. Cham: Springer; 2021. p. 219\u201335."},{"key":"901_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.10.018","volume":"92","author":"H Okano","year":"2016","unstructured":"Okano H, Sasaki E, Yamamori T, Iriki A, Shimogori T, Yamaguchi Y, Kasai K, Miyawaki A. Brain\/MINDS: a Japanese national brain project for marmoset neuroscience. Neuron. 2016;92:582\u201390.","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"901_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/dgd.12109","volume":"56","author":"N Kishi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kishi N, Sato K, Sasaki E, Okano H. Common marmoset as a new model animal for neuroscience research and genome editing technology. Dev Growth Differ. 2014;56:53\u201362.","journal-title":"Dev Growth Differ"},{"key":"901_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2017.10.009","volume":"128","author":"T Shimogori","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shimogori T, Abe A, Go Y, Hashikawa T, Kishi N, Kikuchi SS, Kita Y, Niimi K, Nishibe H, Okuno M. Digital gene atlas of neonate common marmoset brain. Neurosci Res. 2018;128:1\u201313.","journal-title":"Neurosci Res"},{"key":"901_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3042","volume":"46","author":"TMG Sequencing","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sequencing TMG, Worley KC, Warren WC, Rogers J, Locke D, Muzny DM, Mardis ER, Weinstock GM, Tardif SDAagaard KM. The common marmoset genome provides insight into primate biology and evolution. 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Mov Disord. 2003;18:1301\u20135.","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"901_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2008.02.010","volume":"13","author":"JC Bachiega","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bachiega JC, Blanco MM, Perez-Mendes P, Cinini SM, Covolan L, Mello LE. Behavioral characterization of pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in the marmoset. Epilepsy Behav. 2008;13:70\u20136.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"901_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2016.06.012","volume":"126","author":"JCC Pontes","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pontes JCC, Lima TZ, Queiroz CM, Cinini SM, Blanco MM, Mello LE. Seizures triggered by pentylenetetrazol in marmosets made chronically epileptic with pilocarpine show greater refractoriness to treatment. Epilepsy Res. 2016;126:16\u201325.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"}],"container-title":["Molecular Brain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13041-022-00901-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13041-022-00901-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13041-022-00901-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]],"date-time":"2022-02-10T08:23:56Z","timestamp":1644481436000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/molecularbrain.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13041-022-00901-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["901"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13041-022-00901-2","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2021.07.07.451379","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1756-6606"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-6606","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 December 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 January 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 February 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All animal experiments were approved by the IACUC of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (No.10645, Shanghai, China). We maintained the animals at CLEA Japan Inc under approval (No.55-019CJ, Gifu, Japan) from the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of CLEA Japan Inc.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"WL is co-founder and shareholder of the company Jiangsu BrainTech, which makes use of the wireless neural recording technology. The other authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"16"}}