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However, wide interindividual variability is seen in the sensitivity to midazolam. The association between genetic factors and interindividual differences in midazolam sensitivity remains unclear. The present study explored the association between common genetic variants and sedative and amnesic effects of midazolam. This prospective study included patients who were scheduled to undergo dental procedures under intravenous sedation. The sedative effect was evaluated using the Ramsay sedation scale 5\u00a0min after midazolam (0.05\u00a0mg\/kg) administration. We employed two parallel approaches in this study: genome-wide approach and candidate gene approach. The \u03b3-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit genes were selected as candidate genes. Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between the Ramsay sedation scale and genetic variants. We also analyzed the association between the presence of anterograde amnesia and genetic variants using multivariate binominal logistic regression analyses. The analyses were adjusted for potential confounding factors. A total of 191 patients were included in the analyses. In the genome-wide association analyses, no significant association was found between the genetic variants and Ramsay scores. In the candidate gene analyses, the rs73247636 (dominant model: <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.72 [95% confidence interval, 0.34 to 1.10], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and rs56278524 (dominant model: <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.73 [0.37 to 1.10], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) polymorphisms of the <jats:italic>GABRB1<\/jats:italic> gene were significantly associated with Ramsay scores. Additionally, the rs73247636 (dominant model: odds ratio [OR]\u2009=\u20098.39 [2.36 to 29.85], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) and rs56278524 (dominant model: OR\u2009=\u200915.26 [3.42 to 68.07], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) polymorphisms were also significantly associated with the presence of anterograde amnesia. The rs73247636 and rs56278524 single-nucleotide polymorphisms of <jats:italic>GABRB1<\/jats:italic> were associated with the sedative and amnesic effects of midazolam.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13041-024-01141-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T10:02:34Z","timestamp":1727431354000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["\u03b3-Aminobutyric acid type A receptor \u03b21 subunit gene polymorphisms are associated with the sedative and amnesic effects of midazolam"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yoshihiko","family":"Kosaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Nishizawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junko","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaori","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8342-0278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazutaka","family":"Ikeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Ichinohe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"1141_CR1","unstructured":"Practice Guidelines for Moderate Procedural Sedation and Analgesia. 2018: A Report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Moderate Procedural Sedation and Analgesia, the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, American College of Radiology, American Dental Association, American Society of Dentist Anesthesiologists, and Society of Interventional Radiology. 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All of the patients provided written informed consent before participating in this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Kazutaka Ikeda received speaker\u2019s fees from Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd. (Osaka, Japan), Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan), Daiichi-Sankyo Company, Limited (Tokyo, Japan), Eisai Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan), MSD K.K. (Tokyo, Japan), and TV Asahi Productions Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan); consulting honoraria from Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd. (Osaka, Japan), Atheneum Partners (Tokyo, Japan), Nippon Chemiphar Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan), and VistaGen Therapeutics, Inc. (California, USA); and research grants from Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation (Tokyo, Japan), all unrelated to this study. All other authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"70"}}