{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T01:34:13Z","timestamp":1789263253805,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,26]],"date-time":"2019-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561507200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,26]],"date-time":"2019-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Hematol Oncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-019-0750-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,26]],"date-time":"2019-06-26T14:02:33Z","timestamp":1561557753000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Prospective target assessment and multimodal prediction of survival for personalized and risk-adapted treatment strategies in multiple myeloma in the GMMG-MM5 multicenter trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Dirk","family":"Hose","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Salwender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Emde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uta","family":"Bertsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Kunz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Scheid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathias","family":"H\u00e4nel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Weisel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Hielscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc S.","family":"Raab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hartmut","family":"Goldschmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Jauch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Moreaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anja","family":"Seckinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"750_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1860","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra041875","volume":"351","author":"RA Kyle","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kyle RA, Rajkumar SV. Multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:1860\u201373.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"750_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2946","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.39.6820","volume":"30","author":"P Sonneveld","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sonneveld P, Schmidt-Wolf IG, van der Holt B, El Jarari L, Bertsch U, Salwender H, et al. Bortezomib induction and maintenance treatment in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: results of the randomized phase III HOVON-65\/ GMMG-HD4 trial. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30:2946\u201355.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"30","key":"750_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3609","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2016.66.7295","volume":"34","author":"Cyrille Hulin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hulin C, Belch A, Shustik C, Petrucci MT, Duhrsen U, Lu J, et al. Updated outcomes and impact of age with lenalidomide and low-dose dexamethasone or melphalan, prednisone, and thalidomide in the randomized, phase III FIRST Trial. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34:3609\u201317.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Oncology"},{"key":"750_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1506348","volume":"373","author":"HM Lokhorst","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lokhorst HM, Plesner T, Laubach JP, Nahi H, Gimsing P, Hansson M, et al. Targeting CD38 with daratumumab monotherapy in multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:1207\u201319.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"750_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022340","volume":"348","author":"JA Child","year":"2003","unstructured":"Child JA, Morgan GJ, Davies FE, Owen RG, Bell SE, Hawkins K, et al. High-dose chemotherapy with hematopoietic stem-cell rescue for multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:1875\u201383.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"750_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3043","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-07-552059","volume":"124","author":"B Barlogie","year":"2014","unstructured":"Barlogie B, Mitchell A, van Rhee F, Epstein J, Morgan GJ, Crowley J. Curing myeloma at last: defining criteria and providing the evidence. Blood. 2014;124:3043\u201351.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"750_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2017.211","volume":"32","author":"H Goldschmidt","year":"2018","unstructured":"Goldschmidt H, Lokhorst HM, Mai EK, van der Holt B, Blau IW, Zweegman S, et al. Bortezomib before and after high-dose therapy in myeloma: long-term results from the phase III HOVON-65\/GMMG-HD4 trial. Leukemia. 2018;32:383\u201390.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"750_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e471","DOI":"10.1038\/bcj.2016.85","volume":"6","author":"Y Jethava","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jethava Y, Mitchell A, Zangari M, Waheed S, Schinke C, Thanendrarajan S, et al. Dose-dense and less dose-intense total therapy 5 for gene expression profiling-defined high-risk multiple myeloma. Blood Cancer J. 2016;6:e471.","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J"},{"key":"750_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0603","volume":"84","author":"SK Kumar","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kumar SK, Mikhael JR, Buadi FK, Dingli D, Dispenzieri A, Fonseca R, et al. Management of newly diagnosed symptomatic multiple myeloma: updated Mayo Stratification of Myeloma and Risk-Adapted Therapy (mSMART) consensus guidelines. Mayo Clin Proc. 2009;84:1095\u2013110.","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"750_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2863","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.61.2267","volume":"33","author":"A Palumbo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Palumbo A, Avet-Loiseau H, Oliva S, Lokhorst HM, Goldschmidt H, Rosinol L, et al. Revised international staging system for multiple myeloma: a report from International Myeloma Working Group. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33:2863\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"750_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2009.016436","volume":"95","author":"K Neben","year":"2010","unstructured":"Neben K, Jauch A, Bertsch U, Heiss C, Hielscher T, Seckinger A, et al. Combining information regarding chromosomal aberrations t(4;14) and del(17p13) with the International Staging System classification allows stratification of myeloma patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation. Haematologica. 2010;95:1150\u20137.","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"750_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2012.282","volume":"27","author":"H Avet-Loiseau","year":"2013","unstructured":"Avet-Loiseau H, Durie BG, Cavo M, Attal M, Gutierrez N, Haessler J, et al. Combining fluorescent in situ hybridization data with ISS staging improves risk assessment in myeloma: an International Myeloma Working Group collaborative project. Leukemia. 2013;27:711\u20137.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"750_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2010.030296","volume":"96","author":"D Hose","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hose D, Reme T, Hielscher T, Moreaux J, Meissner T, Seckinger A, et al. Proliferation is a central independent prognostic factor and target for personalized and risk adapted treatment in multiple myeloma. Haematologica. 2011;96:87\u201395.","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"750_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2276","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-07-038430","volume":"109","author":"JD Shaughnessy","year":"2007","unstructured":"Shaughnessy JD, Zhan F, Burington BE, Huang Y, Colla S, Hanamura I, et al. A validated gene expression model of high-risk multiple myeloma is defined by deregulated expression of genes mapping to chromosome 1. Blood. 2007;109:2276\u201384.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"750_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4798","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.13.8545","volume":"26","author":"O Decaux","year":"2008","unstructured":"Decaux O, Lod\u00e9 L, Magrangeas F, Charbonnel C, Gouraud W, J\u00e9z\u00e9quel P, et al. Prediction of survival in multiple myeloma based on gene expression profiles reveals cell cycle and chromosomal instability signatures in high-risk patients and hyperdiploid signatures in low-risk patients: a study of the Intergroupe Francophone du My\u00e9lome. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:4798\u2013805.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"750_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btt124","volume":"29","author":"T Reme","year":"2013","unstructured":"Reme T, Hose D, Theillet C, Klein B. Modeling risk stratification in human cancer. Bioinformatics. 2013;29:1149\u201357.","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"750_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2406","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2012.127","volume":"26","author":"R Kuiper","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kuiper R, Broyl A, de Knegt Y, van Vliet MH, van Beers EH, van der Holt B, et al. A gene expression signature for high-risk multiple myeloma. Leukemia. 2012;26:2406\u201313.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"750_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2015.341","volume":"30","author":"WJ Chng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chng WJ, Chung TH, Kumar S, Usmani S, Munshi N, Avet-Loiseau H, et al. Gene signature combinations improve prognostic stratification of multiple myeloma patients. Leukemia. 2016;30:1071\u20138.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"750_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2013.247","volume":"28","author":"WJ Chng","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chng WJ, Dispenzieri A, Chim CS, Fonseca R, Goldschmidt H, Lentzsch S, et al. IMWG consensus on risk stratification in multiple myeloma. Leukemia. 2014;28:269\u201377.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"750_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2210","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2009.174","volume":"23","author":"R Fonseca","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fonseca R, Bergsagel PL, Drach J, Shaughnessy J, Gutierrez N, Stewart AK, et al. International Myeloma Working Group molecular classification of multiple myeloma: spotlight review. Leukemia. 2009;23:2210\u201321.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"750_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4331","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-09-178350","volume":"113","author":"D Hose","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hose D, R\u00e8me T, Meissner T, Moreaux J, Seckinger A, Lewis J, et al. Inhibition of aurora kinases for tailored risk-adapted treatment of multiple myeloma. Blood. 2009;113:4331\u201340.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"750_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4614","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-07-170464","volume":"113","author":"AC Sprynski","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sprynski AC, Hose D, Caillot L, Reme T, Shaughnessy JD Jr, Barlogie B, et al. The role of IGF-1 as a major growth factor for myeloma cell lines and the prognostic relevance of the expression of its receptor. Blood. 2009;113:4614\u201326.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"750_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2665","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-15-2620","volume":"23","author":"YS Jethava","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jethava YS, Mitchell A, Epstein J, Zangari M, Yaccoby S, Tian E, et al. Adverse metaphase cytogenetics can be overcome by adding bortezomib and thalidomide to fractionated melphalan transplants. Clin Cancer Res. 2017;23:2665\u201372.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"750_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-09-379164","volume":"119","author":"K Neben","year":"2012","unstructured":"Neben K, Lokhorst HM, Jauch A, Bertsch U, Hielscher T, van der Holt B, et al. Administration of bortezomib before and after autologous stem cell transplantation improves outcome in multiple myeloma patients with deletion 17p. Blood. 2012;119:940\u20138.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"750_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perrot A, Lauwers-Cances V, Tournay E, Hulin C, Chretien ML, Royer B, et al. Development and validation of a cytogenetic prognostic index predicting survival in multiple myeloma. J Clin Oncol. 2019:JCO1800776.","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.18.00776"},{"key":"750_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3186","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2018-99-119873","volume":"132","author":"D Hofste op Bruinink","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hofste op Bruinink D, van Duin M, Beksac M, Driessen C, Ludwig H, Vermeulen M, et al. Differential effect of upfront intensification treatment in genetically defined myeloma risk groups\u2014a combined analysis of ISS, Del17p and SKY92 Scores in the EMN-02\/HOVON-95 MM Trial. Blood. 2018;132:3186.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"750_CR27","first-page":"1767","volume":"130","author":"AL Sherborne","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sherborne AL, Shah V, Ellis S, Begum F, Kendall J, Johnson DC, et al. Improving outcomes for patients with high-risk myeloma via prospective trial evidence: The Myeloma UK <em>Nine Optimum<\/em> Trial. Blood. 2017;130:1767.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"750_CR28","first-page":"4358","volume":"130","author":"EH Van Beers","year":"2017","unstructured":"Van Beers EH, Terragna C, Martello M, Zamagni E, Cavo M, van Vliet MH, et al. Mmprofiler with SKY92 Combined with ISS Identifies High and Low Risk Multiple Myeloma in the VTD Arm of Gimema-MMY-3006. Blood. 2017;130:4358.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"750_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2015.80","volume":"29","author":"EK Mai","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mai EK, Bertsch U, Durig J, Kunz C, Haenel M, Blau IW, et al. Phase III trial of bortezomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (VCD) versus bortezomib, doxorubicin and dexamethasone (PAd) in newly diagnosed myeloma. Leukemia. 2015;29:1721\u20139.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"750_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-10-184226","volume":"114","author":"D Hose","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hose D, Moreaux J, Meissner T, Seckinger A, Goldschmidt H, Benner A, et al. Induction of angiogenesis by normal and malignant plasma cells. Blood. 2009;114:128\u201343.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"750_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7240","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-11-1628","volume":"17","author":"T Mei\u00dfner","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mei\u00dfner T, Seckinger A, R\u00e8me T, Hielscher T, M\u00f6hler T, Neben K, et al. Gene expression profiling in multiple myeloma\u2014reporting of entities, risk, and targets in clinical routine. Clin Cancer Res. 2011;17:7240\u20137.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"750_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2017.02.002","volume":"31","author":"A Seckinger","year":"2017","unstructured":"Seckinger A, Delgado JA, Moser S, Moreno L, Neuber B, Grab A, et al. Target expression, generation, preclinical activity, and Pharmacokinetics of the BCMA-T cell bispecific antibody EM801 for multiple myeloma treatment. Cancer Cell. 2017;31:396\u2013410.","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"750_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-03-415588","volume":"120","author":"A Seckinger","year":"2012","unstructured":"Seckinger A, Mei\u00dfner T, Moreaux J, Depeweg D, Hillengass J, Hose K, et al. Clinical and prognostic role of annexin A2 in multiple myeloma. Blood. 2012;120:1087\u201394.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"750_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3866","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2009.257","volume":"28","author":"A Seckinger","year":"2009","unstructured":"Seckinger A, Meissner T, Moreaux J, Goldschmidt H, Fuhler GM, Benner A, et al. Bone morphogenic protein 6: a member of a novel class of prognostic factors expressed by normal and malignant plasma cells inhibiting proliferation and angiogenesis. Oncogene. 2009;28:3866\u201379.","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"750_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seckinger A, Hillengass J, Emde M, Beck S, Kimmich C, Dittrich T, et al. CD38 as Immunotherapeutic target in light chain amyloidosis and multiple myeloma\u2014association with molecular entities, risk, survival, and mechanisms of upfront resistance. Frontiers in Immunology. 2018;9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01676"},{"key":"750_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4325","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.48.4923","volume":"31","author":"K Neben","year":"2013","unstructured":"Neben K, Jauch A, Hielscher T, Hillengass J, Lehners N, Seckinger A, et al. Progression in smoldering myeloma is independently determined by the chromosomal abnormalities del(17p), t(4;14), Gain 1q, Hyperdiploidy, and Tumor Load. J Clin Oncol. 2013;31:4325\u201332.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"750_CR37","volume-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R-Development-Core-Team","year":"2008","unstructured":"R-Development-Core-Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2008."},{"key":"750_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R80","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2004-5-10-r80","volume":"5","author":"RC Gentleman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gentleman RC, Carey VJ, Bates DM, Bolstad B, Dettling M, Dudoit S, et al. Bioconductor: open software development for computational biology and bioinformatics. Genome Biol. 2004;5:R80.","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"750_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-01-0034","volume":"106","author":"PL Bergsagel","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bergsagel PL, Kuehl WM, Zhan F, Sawyer J, Barlogie B, Shaughnessy J. Cyclin D dysregulation: an early and unifying pathogenic event in multiple myeloma. Blood. 2005;106:296\u2013303.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"750_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150a-a","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-01-0023","volume":"106","author":"D Hose","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hose D, Rossi J-F, Ittrich C, DeVos J, R\u0160me T, Benner A, et al. Molecular classification of multiple myeloma (MM) based on gene expression profiling (GEP) and fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) is an independent predictor for event free survival (EFS). [abstract]. Blood. 2005;106:150a-a.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"750_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-11-013458","volume":"108","author":"F Zhan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zhan F, Huang Y, Colla S, Stewart JP, Hanamura I, Gupta S, et al. The molecular classification of multiple myeloma. Blood. 2006;108:2020\u20138.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"750_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6567","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.082099299","volume":"99","author":"R Tibshirani","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tibshirani R, Hastie T, Narasimhan B, Chu G. Diagnosis of multiple cancer types by shrunken centroids of gene expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002;99:6567\u201372.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"750_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Therneau TM, Grambsch PM. Modeling survival data: extending the Cox model. Modeling Survival Data: Extending the Cox Model: Springer-Verlag, New York; 2000. p. XIV, 350.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-3294-8"},{"key":"750_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1214\/aos\/1176345976","volume":"10","author":"PK Andersen","year":"1982","unstructured":"Andersen PK, Gill RD. Cox's Regression Model for Counting Processes: A Large Sample Study. Annals of Statistics. 1982;10:1100\u201320.","journal-title":"Annals of Statistics"},{"key":"750_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.1080\/03610928408828837","volume":"13","author":"TR Fleming","year":"1984","unstructured":"Fleming TR, Harrington DP. Nonparametric estimation of the survival distribution in censored data. Comm in Stat Theory and Methods. 1984;13:2469\u201386.","journal-title":"Comm in Stat Theory and Methods"},{"key":"750_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1958.10501452","volume":"53","author":"EL Kaplan","year":"1958","unstructured":"Kaplan EL, Meier P. Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. Journal of the American Statistical Association. 1958;53:457\u201381.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Statistical Association"},{"key":"750_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/69.3.553","volume":"69","author":"DP Harrington","year":"1982","unstructured":"Harrington DP, Fleming TR. A class of rank test procedures for censored survival data. Biometrika. 1982;69:553\u201366.","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"750_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1634384","volume":"42","author":"M Schumacher","year":"2003","unstructured":"Schumacher M, Graf E, Gerds T. How to assess prognostic models for survival data: a case study in oncology. Methods Inf Med. 2003;42:564\u201371.","journal-title":"Methods Inf Med"},{"key":"750_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v050.i11","volume":"50","author":"UB Mogensen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mogensen UB, Ishwaran H, Gerds TA. Evaluating random forests for survival analysis using prediction error curves. Journal of statistical software. 2012;50:1\u201323.","journal-title":"Journal of statistical software"},{"key":"750_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/kxp011","volume":"10","author":"MA van de Wiel","year":"2009","unstructured":"van de Wiel MA, Berkhof J, van Wieringen WN. Testing the prediction error difference between 2 predictors. Biostatistics. 2009;10:550\u201360.","journal-title":"Biostatistics"},{"key":"750_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2003.04221.x","volume":"120","author":"T Nilsson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nilsson T, Hoglund M, Lenhoff S, Rylander L, Turesson I, Westin J, et al. A pooled analysis of karyotypic patterns, breakpoints and imbalances in 783 cytogenetically abnormal multiple myelomas reveals frequently involved chromosome segments as well as significant age- and sex-related differences. Br J Haematol. 2003;120:960\u20139.","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"750_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V128.22.673.673","volume":"128","author":"M Cavo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cavo M, Beksac M, Dimopoulos MA, Pantani L, Gay F, H\u00e1jek R, et al. Intensification therapy with bortezomib-melphalan-prednisone versus autologous stem cell transplantation for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: an intergroup, multicenter, phase III study of the European Myeloma Network (EMN02\/HO95 MM Trial). Blood. 2016;128:673.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"750_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1611750","volume":"376","author":"M Attal","year":"2017","unstructured":"Attal M, Lauwers-Cances V, Hulin C, Leleu X, Caillot D, Escoffre M, et al. Lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone with transplantation for myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2017;376:1311\u201320.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"750_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.14920","volume":"179","author":"H Einsele","year":"2017","unstructured":"Einsele H, Engelhardt M, Tapprich C, Muller J, Liebisch P, Langer C, et al. Phase II study of bortezomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone as induction therapy in multiple myeloma: DSMM XI trial. Br J Haematol. 2017;179:586\u201397.","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"750_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31594-X","volume":"389","author":"BG Durie","year":"2017","unstructured":"Durie BG, Hoering A, Abidi MH, Rajkumar SV, Epstein J, Kahanic SP, et al. Bortezomib with lenalidomide and dexamethasone versus lenalidomide and dexamethasone alone in patients with newly diagnosed myeloma without intent for immediate autologous stem-cell transplant (SWOG S0777): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2017;389:519\u201327.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"750_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2900","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2016.69.2517","volume":"35","author":"JJ Lahuerta","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lahuerta JJ, Paiva B, Vidriales MB, Cordon L, Cedena MT, Puig N, et al. Depth of Response in Multiple Myeloma: A Pooled Analysis of Three PETHEMA\/GEM Clinical Trials. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35:2900\u201310.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"750_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2011.4","volume":"25","author":"P Moreau","year":"2011","unstructured":"Moreau P, Cavallo F, Leleu X, Hulin C, Amiot M, Descamps G, et al. Phase I study of the anti insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) monoclonal antibody, AVE1642, as single agent and in combination with bortezomib in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma. Leukemia. 2011;25:872\u20134.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"750_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2941","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-10-3913","volume":"105","author":"S Trudel","year":"2005","unstructured":"Trudel S, Li ZH, Wei E, Wiesmann M, Chang H, Chen C, et al. CHIR-258, a novel, multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor for the potential treatment of t(4;14) multiple myeloma. Blood. 2005;105:2941\u20138.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"750_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1940","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2010.192","volume":"24","author":"AC Sprynski","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sprynski AC, Hose D, Kassambara A, Vincent L, Jourdan M, Rossi JF, et al. Insulin is a potent myeloma cell growth factor through insulin\/IGF-1 hybrid receptor activation. Leukemia. 2010;24:1940\u201350.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"750_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1996","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-05-644039","volume":"126","author":"R Kuiper","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kuiper R, van Duin M, van Vliet MH, Broijl A, van der Holt B, El Jarari L, et al. Prediction of high- and low-risk multiple myeloma based on gene expression and the International Staging System. Blood. 2015;126:1996\u20132004.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"750_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4407","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V128.22.4407.4407","volume":"128","author":"AL Sherborne","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sherborne AL, Begum DB, Price A, Johnson DC, Ellis S, Smith C, et al. Identifying ultra-high risk myeloma by integrated molecular genetic and gene expression profiling. Blood. 2016;128:4407.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"21","key":"750_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e148","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-10-388702","volume":"119","author":"Y. Zhou","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhou Y, Zhang Q, Stephens O, Heuck CJ, Tian E, Sawyer JR, et al. Prediction of cytogenetic abnormalities with gene expression profiles. Blood. 2012;119:e148\u2013e150.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"750_CR63","first-page":"97","volume-title":"Methods in Molecular Biology","author":"Anja Seckinger","year":"2018","unstructured":"Seckinger A, B\u00e4hr-Ivacevic T, Benes V, Hose D. RNA-Sequencing from Low-Input Material in Multiple Myeloma for Application in Clinical Routine. In: Heuck C, Weinhold, N., editor. Multiple Myeloma - Methods and Protocols. Methods Molecular Biology: Humana Press; 2018."},{"key":"750_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248-016-9917-y","volume":"18","author":"J Xu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xu J, Thakkar S, Gong B, Tong W. The FDA\u02bcs experience with emerging genomics technologies-past, present, and future. AAPS J. 2016;18:814\u20138.","journal-title":"AAPS J"},{"key":"750_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39165","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.5381","volume":"6","author":"A Seckinger","year":"2015","unstructured":"Seckinger A, Meissner T, Moreaux J, Benes V, Hillengass J, Castoldi M, et al. miRNAs in multiple myeloma\u2014a survival relevant complex regulator of gene expression. Oncotarget. 2015;6:39165\u201383.","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"750_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-016-0881-8","volume":"17","author":"A Conesa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Conesa A, Madrigal P, Tarazona S, Gomez-Cabrero D, Cervera A, McPherson A, et al. A survey of best practices for RNA-seq data analysis. Genome Biol. 2016;17:13.","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"750_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0190152","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0190152","volume":"12","author":"J Costa-Silva","year":"2017","unstructured":"Costa-Silva J, Domingues D, Lopes FM. RNA-Seq differential expression analysis: an extended review and a software tool. PLoS One. 2017;12:e0190152.","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["Journal of Hematology &amp; Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13045-019-0750-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13045-019-0750-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13045-019-0750-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]],"date-time":"2022-09-22T00:25:39Z","timestamp":1663806339000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jhoonline.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13045-019-0750-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,26]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["750"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13045-019-0750-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-8722"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-8722","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 March 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 June 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 June 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The GMMG-MM5 trial was approved by ethics committees of the University of Heidelberg and all participating sites. It was conducted according to the European Clinical Trial Directive (2005) and the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"65"}}