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This phase III study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of hetrombopag in ITP patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients who had not responded to or had relapsed after previous treatment were treated with an initial dosage of once-daily 2.5 or 5\u00a0mg hetrombopag (defined as the HETROM-2.5 or HETROM-5 group) or with matching placebo in a randomized, double-blind, 10-week treatment period. Patients who received placebo and completed 10\u00a0weeks of treatment switched to receive eltrombopag, and patients treated with hetrombopag in the double-blind period continued hetrombopag during the following open-label 14-week treatment. The primary endpoint was the proportion of responders (defined as those achieving a platelet count of\u2009\u2265\u200950\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/L) after 8\u00a0weeks of treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The primary endpoint was achieved by significantly more patients in the HETROM-2.5 (58.9%; odds ratio [OR] 25.97, 95% confidence interval [CI] 9.83\u201368.63;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) and HETROM-5 (64.3%; OR 32.81, 95% CI 12.39\u201386.87;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) group than in the Placebo group (5.9%). Hetrombopag was also superior to placebo in achieving a platelet response and in reducing the bleeding risk and use of rescue therapy throughout 8\u00a0weeks of treatment. The durable platelet response to hetrombopag was maintained throughout 24\u00a0weeks. The most common adverse events were upper respiratory tract infection (42.2%), urinary tract infection (17.1%), immune thrombocytopenic purpura (17.1%) and hematuria (15%) with 24-week hetrombopag treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In ITP patients, hetrombopag is efficacious and well tolerated with a manageable safety profile.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Trial registration<\/jats:italic>\n                      Clinical trials.gov\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03222843?term=03222843&amp;draw=2&amp;rank=1\">NCT03222843<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , registered July 19, 2017, retrospectively registered.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n       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