{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T14:14:44Z","timestamp":1789568084567,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716163200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Hematol Oncol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Disseminated adenovirus infection is a complication with a relatively high mortality rate among patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The low efficacy and poor availability of current treatment options are of major concern. Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) blockade has been used to treat several chronic viral infections. Herein, we report a case of disseminated adenovirus infection in the early posttransplant period. The patient was diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma at first and underwent 8 cycles of chemotherapy, including rituximab. She was subsequently diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia and received haploidentical transplantation. She was diagnosed with Epstein\u2012Barr virus (EBV)-positive posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) 2 months after the transplant, and 3 doses of rituximab were administered. The patient was diagnosed with disseminated adenovirus infection with upper respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract and blood involved at 3 months after transplantation. She was first treated with a reduction in immunosuppression, cidofovir and ribavirin. Then, the patient received salvage treatment with the PD-1 inhibitor sintilimab (200\u00a0mg) after achieving no response to conventional therapy. The adenovirus was cleared 3 weeks later, and concomitant EBV was also cleared. Although the patient developed graft-versus-host disease of the liver after the administration of the PD-1 inhibitor, she was cured with steroid-free therapy. Therefore, PD-1 blockade immunotherapy can be considered a promising treatment option for patients with disseminated adenovirus infection after transplantation, with fully weighing the hazards of infection and the side effects of this therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-024-01557-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T01:01:18Z","timestamp":1716166878000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["PD-1 blockade immunotherapy as a successful rescue treatment for disseminated adenovirus infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Fei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengxing","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Depei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suning","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuefeng","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"1557_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-02-0377","volume":"100","author":"S Chakrabarti","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chakrabarti S, Mautner V, Osman H, et al. Adenovirus infections following allogeneic stem cell transplantation: incidence and outcome in relation to graft manipulation, immunosuppression, and immune recovery. Blood. 2002;100(5):1619\u201327.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"9","key":"1557_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.11279","volume":"92","author":"M Robin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Robin M, Marque-Juillet S, Scieux C, et al. Disseminated adenovirus infections after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: incidence, risk factors and outcome. Haematologica. 2007;92(9):1254\u20137.","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"12","key":"1557_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.26723","volume":"97","author":"Y Inamoto","year":"2022","unstructured":"Inamoto Y, Takeda W, Hirakawa T, et al. Adenovirus disease after hematopoietic cell transplantation: a Japanese transplant registry analysis. Am J Hematol. 2022;97(12):1568\u201379.","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1557_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1980","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.1980","volume":"28","author":"P Hiwarkar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hiwarkar P, Kosulin K, Cesaro S, et al. Management of adenovirus infection in patients after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: state-of-the-art and real-life current approach: a position statement on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the European Society of Blood and marrow transplantation. Rev Med Virol. 2018;28(3):e1980.","journal-title":"Rev Med Virol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1557_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-018-0421-0","volume":"54","author":"S Cesaro","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cesaro S, Berger M, Tridello G, et al. A survey on incidence and management of adenovirus infection after allogeneic HSCT. Bone Marrow Transpl. 2019;54(8):1275\u201380.","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transpl"},{"key":"1557_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01037","volume":"11","author":"B Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li B, Yan C, Zhu J, et al. Anti-PD-1\/PD-L1 blockade immunotherapy employed in treating Hepatitis B Virus infection-related Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A literature review. Front Immunol. 2020;11:1037.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"1557_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2019003886","volume":"135","author":"P Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu P, Pan X, Chen C, et al. Nivolumab treatment of relapsed\/refractory Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adults. Blood. 2020;135(11):826\u201333.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"1","key":"1557_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-023-02861-9","volume":"18","author":"R Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen R, Lin Q, Zhu Y, et al. Sintilimab treatment for chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection and Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in children. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2023;18(1):297.","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"key":"1557_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163633","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1163633","volume":"14","author":"RY Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen RY, Zhu Y, Shen YY, et al. The role of PD-1 signaling in health and immune-related diseases. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1163633.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1557_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e28542","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000028542","volume":"101","author":"Y You","year":"2022","unstructured":"You Y, Wang J, Wang Z. Programmed death 1 monoclonal antibody helped to treat mixed chimeric and reactivation of Epstein\u2013Barr virus in a patient with adult-onset chronic active Epstein\u2013Barr virus infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a case report. Med (Baltim). 2022;101:e28542.","journal-title":"Med (Baltim)"},{"issue":"2","key":"1557_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-01-761346","volume":"130","author":"BM Haverkos","year":"2017","unstructured":"Haverkos BM, Abbott D, Hamadani M, et al. PD-1 blockade for relapsed lymphoma post-allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant: high response rate but frequent GVHD. 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