{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T13:17:20Z","timestamp":1792588640063,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]],"date-time":"2021-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624406400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]],"date-time":"2021-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014042","name":"DOD Peer Reviewed Cancer Research Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA160433"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA160433"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014042","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014042","name":"DOD Peer Reviewed Cancer Research Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA170906"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA170906"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014042","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014042","name":"DOD Peer Reviewed Cancer Research Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA160445"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA160445"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014042","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014042","name":"DOD Peer Reviewed Cancer Research Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA200990"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA200990"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014042","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA129906"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA129906"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA172741"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA172741"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Exp Clin Cancer Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gastric adenocarcinoma with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is therapy resistant and leads to poor survival. To study PC in depth, there is an urgent need to develop representative PC-derived cell lines and metastatic models to study molecular mechanisms of PC and for preclinical screening of new therapies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PC cell lines were developed from patient-derived PC cells. The tumorigenicity and metastatic potential were investigated by subcutaneously (PDXs) and orthotopically. Karyotyping, whole-exome sequencing, RNA-sequencing, and functional studies were performed to molecularly define the cell lines and compare genomic and phenotypic features of PDX and donor PC cells.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We established three PC cell lines (GA0518, GA0804, and GA0825) and characterized them in vitro. The doubling times were 22, 39, and 37\u2009h for GA0518, GA0804, and GA0825, respectively. Expression of cancer stem cell markers (CD44, ALDH1, CD133 and YAP1) and activation of oncogenes varied among the cell lines. All three PC cell lines formed PDXs. Interestingly, all three PC cell lines formed tumors in the patient derived orthotopic (PDO) model and GA0518 cell line consistently produced PC in mice. Moreover, PDXs recapitulated transcriptomic and phenotypic features of the donor PC cells. Finally, these cell lines were suitable for preclinical testing of chemotherapy and target agents in vitro and in vivo\n                      <jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We successfully established three patient-derived PC cell lines and an improved PDO model with high incidence of PC associated with malignant ascites. Thus, these cell lines and metastatic PDO model represent excellent resources for exploring metastatic mechanisms of PC in depth and for target drug screening and validation by interrogating GAC for translational studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-021-02003-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]],"date-time":"2021-06-23T10:10:56Z","timestamp":1624443056000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Patient-derived cell lines and orthotopic mouse model of peritoneal carcinomatosis recapitulate molecular and phenotypic features of human gastric adenocarcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8128-6287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shumei","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longfei","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuangtao","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ailing W.","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa Pool","family":"Pizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yibo","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuto","family":"Harada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiankang","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodan","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Namita D.","family":"Shanbhag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiong","family":"Gan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sinchita","family":"Roy-Chowdhuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian D.","family":"Badgwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenning","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linghua","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9946-0629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaffer A.","family":"Ajani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2003_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492","volume":"68","author":"F Bray","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(6):394\u2013424. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3322\/caac.21492.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"2003_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ji K, Yuan P, Bu ZD, et al. Palliative therapy for gastric Cancer. Surg Gastric Cancer. 2019:295\u2013301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-662-45583-8_25.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-45583-8_25"},{"key":"2003_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kwong MLM, Ihemelandu C, Sugarbaker PH. Prevention and treatment of peritoneal metastases from gastric Cancer. Surg Gastric Cancer. 2019:277\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-662-45583-8_24.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-45583-8_24"},{"issue":"7","key":"2003_CR4","first-page":"16","volume":"4","author":"PH Sugarbaker","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sugarbaker PH. Gastric cancer: prevention and treatment of peritoneal metastases. J Cancer Metastasis Treat. 2018;4(7):16.","journal-title":"J Cancer Metastasis Treat"},{"issue":"1","key":"2003_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.21037\/jgo.2019.11.05","volume":"11","author":"SP Martin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Martin SP, Drake JA, Hernandez JM, Davis JL. Bidirectional chemotherapy in patients with gastric cancer and peritoneal metastasis. J Gastrointest Oncol. 2020;11(1):108\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/jgo.2019.11.05.","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Oncol"},{"key":"2003_CR6","volume":"8","author":"AD Wagner","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wagner AD, Syn NL, Moehler M, et al. Chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;8:CD004064.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"20","key":"2003_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3247","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v7.i20.3247","volume":"7","author":"LN Zheng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zheng LN, Wen F, Xu P, Zhang S. Prognostic significance of malignant ascites in gastric cancer patients with peritoneal metastasis: a systemic review and meta-analysis. World J Clin Cases. 2019;7(20):3247\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12998\/wjcc.v7.i20.3247.","journal-title":"World J Clin Cases"},{"issue":"39","key":"2003_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10936","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i39.10936","volume":"21","author":"H Maeda","year":"2015","unstructured":"Maeda H, Kobayashi M, Sakamoto J. Evaluation and treatment of malignant ascites secondary to gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 2015;21(39):10936\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3748\/wjg.v21.i39.10936.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2003_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1007\/s10120-020-01067-3","volume":"23","author":"Y Hamamoto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hamamoto Y, Piao Y, Makiyama A. Achieving sequential therapy in advanced gastric cancer: the importance of appropriate patient management for the elderly and\/or those with ascites. Gastric Cancer. 2020;23(3):363\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10120-020-01067-3.","journal-title":"Gastric Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"2003_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2018-318070","volume":"69","author":"R Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang R, Song S, Harada K, Ghazanfari Amlashi F, Badgwell B, Pizzi MP, et al. Multiplex profiling of peritoneal metastases from gastric adenocarcinoma identified novel targets and molecular subtypes that predict treatment response. Gut. 2020;69(1):18\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gutjnl-2018-318070.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"2003_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ajani JA, Xu Y, Huo L, et al. YAP1 mediates gastric adenocarcinoma peritoneal metastases that are attenuated by YAP1 inhibition. Gut 2021;70:55\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-319748.","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-319748"},{"issue":"7757","key":"2003_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1186-3","volume":"569","author":"M Ghandi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ghandi M, Huang FW, Jane-Valbuena J, et al. Next-generation characterization of the Cancer cell line encyclopedia. Nature. 2019;569(7757):503\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-019-1186-3.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"24","key":"2003_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2567","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v24.i24.2567","volume":"24","author":"JP Gao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gao JP, Xu W, Liu WT, Yan M, Zhu ZG. Tumor heterogeneity of gastric cancer: from the perspective of tumor-initiating cell. World J Gastroenterol. 2018;24(24):2567\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3748\/wjg.v24.i24.2567.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2003_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175883591879462","DOI":"10.1177\/1758835918794628","volume":"10","author":"E Carrasco-Garcia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Carrasco-Garcia E, Garcia-Puga M, Arevalo S, et al. Towards precision medicine: linking genetic and cellular heterogeneity in gastric cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol. 2018;10:1758835918794628.","journal-title":"Ther Adv Med Oncol"},{"key":"2003_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Giraud J, Bouriez D, Seeneevassen L, Rousseau B, Sifr\u00e9 E, Giese A, et al. Orthotopic patient-derived xenografts of gastric Cancer to decipher drugs effects on Cancer stem cells and metastatic dissemination. Cancers (Basel). 2019;11(4). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers11040560.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11040560"},{"issue":"1","key":"2003_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-008-0584-z","volume":"24","author":"S Bhargava","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bhargava S, Hotz B, Buhr HJ, Hotz HG. An orthotopic nude mouse model for preclinical research of gastric cardia cancer. Int J Color Dis. 2009;24(1):31\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00384-008-0584-z.","journal-title":"Int J Color Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2003_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-19025-y","volume":"8","author":"RA Busuttil","year":"2018","unstructured":"Busuttil RA, Liu DS, Di Costanzo N, et al. An orthotopic mouse model of gastric cancer invasion and metastasis. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):825. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-017-19025-y.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"2003_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5179","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2018.9313","volume":"16","author":"HY Feng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Feng HY, Zhang Y, Liu HJ, Dong X, Yang SC, Lu Q, et al. Characterization of an orthotopic gastric cancer mouse model with lymph node and organ metastases using bioluminescence imaging. Oncol Lett. 2018;16(4):5179\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/ol.2018.9313.","journal-title":"Oncol Lett"},{"issue":"3","key":"2003_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.15616\/BSL.2017.23.3.238","volume":"23","author":"K-A Song","year":"2017","unstructured":"Song K-A, Park J, Kim H-J, Kang MS, Kim SY. Establishment of highly tumorigenic human gastric carcinoma cell lines from xenograft tumors in mice. Biomed Sci Lett. 2017;23(3):238\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15616\/BSL.2017.23.3.238.","journal-title":"Biomed Sci Lett"},{"issue":"7","key":"2003_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2004.tb02489.x","volume":"95","author":"K Yanagihara","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yanagihara K, Tanaka H, Takigahira M, Ino Y, Yamaguchi Y, Toge T, et al. Establishment of two cell lines from human gastric scirrhous carcinoma that possess the potential to metastasize spontaneously in nude mice. Cancer Sci. 2004;95(7):575\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2004.tb02489.x.","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2003_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-006-2001-0","volume":"42","author":"BA Jacobson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jacobson BA, Fink JM, Whitson BA, Ferrin LJ. High polymorphism in the trisomic portion of a gastric cancer cell line. J Gastroenterol. 2007;42(3):196\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00535-006-2001-0.","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2003_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dong X, Song S, Li Y, Fan Y, Wang L, Wang R, et al. Loss of ARID1A activates mTOR signaling and SOX9 in gastric adenocarcinoma-rationale for targeting ARID1A deficiency. Gut. 2021:gutjnl-2020-322660. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-322660.","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-322660"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"2003_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2007.10.018","volume":"651","author":"SH Doak","year":"2008","unstructured":"Doak SH. Aneuploidy in upper gastro-intestinal tract cancers--a potential prognostic marker? Mutat Res. 2008;651(1-2):93\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2007.10.018.","journal-title":"Mutat Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2003_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cancergencyto.2009.04.020","volume":"195","author":"MF Leal","year":"2009","unstructured":"Leal MF, Martins do Nascimento JL, da Silva CE, et al. Establishment and conventional cytogenetic characterization of three gastric cancer cell lines. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2009;195(1):85\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cancergencyto.2009.04.020.","journal-title":"Cancer Genet Cytogenet"},{"issue":"6","key":"2003_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.08.027","volume":"174","author":"SF Bakhoum","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bakhoum SF, Cantley LC. The multifaceted role of chromosomal instability in Cancer and its microenvironment. Cell. 2018;174(6):1347\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2018.08.027.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"4","key":"2003_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4849","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2018.7995","volume":"15","author":"B Mytar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mytar B, Stec M, Szatanek R, W\u0119glarczyk K, Szewczyk K, Szczepanik A, et al. Characterization of human gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines established from peritoneal ascites. Oncol Lett. 2018;15(4):4849\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/ol.2018.7995.","journal-title":"Oncol Lett"},{"issue":"18","key":"2003_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3236","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.26051","volume":"9","author":"X Su","year":"2018","unstructured":"Su X, Xue Y, Wei J, Huo X, Gong Y, Zhang H, et al. Establishment and characterization of gc-006-03, a novel human signet ring cell gastric Cancer cell line derived from metastatic ascites. J Cancer. 2018;9(18):3236\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/jca.26051.","journal-title":"J Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"2003_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19970207)70:4<443::AID-IJC12>3.0.CO;2-G","volume":"70","author":"JG Park","year":"1997","unstructured":"Park JG, Yang HK, Kim WH, Chung JK, Kang MS, Lee JH, et al. Establishment and characterization of human gastric carcinoma cell lines. Int J Cancer. 1997;70(4):443\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19970207)70:4<443::AID-IJC12>3.0.CO;2-G.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"9","key":"2003_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9815","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.6890","volume":"7","author":"X Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang X, Hua R, Wang X, Huang M, Gan L, Wu Z, et al. Identification of stem-like cells and clinical significance of candidate stem cell markers in gastric cancer. Oncotarget. 2016;7(9):9815\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/oncotarget.6890.","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"2","key":"2003_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2016.401","volume":"116","author":"H Kodama","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kodama H, Murata S, Ishida M, Yamamoto H, Yamaguchi T, Kaida S, et al. Prognostic impact of CD44-positive cancer stem-like cells at the invasive front of gastric cancer. Br J Cancer. 2017;116(2):186\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/bjc.2016.401.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"2003_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-15-2157","volume":"23","author":"PH Nguyen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nguyen PH, Giraud J, Chambonnier L, Dubus P, Wittkop L, Belleann\u00e9e G, et al. Characterization of biomarkers of tumorigenic and Chemoresistant Cancer stem cells in human gastric carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2017;23(6):1586\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-15-2157.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"2003_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6600580","volume":"87","author":"C Sakakura","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sakakura C, Hagiwara A, Nakanishi M, Shimomura K, Takagi T, Yasuoka R, et al. Differential gene expression profiles of gastric cancer cells established from primary tumour and malignant ascites. Br J Cancer. 2002;87(10):1153\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.bjc.6600580.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"2003_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hoffman RM. Why patient-derived mouse models need to be Orthotopic. Patient-Derived Mouse Models of Cancer. 2017:277\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-57424-0_20.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-57424-0_20"},{"issue":"3","key":"2003_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.2739\/kurumemedj.58.73","volume":"58","author":"A Koga","year":"2011","unstructured":"Koga A, Aoyagi K, Imaizumi T, et al. Comparison between the gastric cancer cell line MKN-45 and the high-potential peritoneal dissemination gastric cancer cell line MKN-45P. Kurume Med J. 2011;58(3):73\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2739\/kurumemedj.58.73.","journal-title":"Kurume Med J"},{"issue":"10","key":"2003_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.4161\/cbt.5.10.3157","volume":"5","author":"X Shen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Shen X, Jin W, Cui H, Cui X, Noh SH, Chung HC, et al. Cellular adjustment of gastric cancer for hepatic metastasis in successive orthotopic implantation model. Cancer Biol Ther. 2006;5(10):1313\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4161\/cbt.5.10.3157.","journal-title":"Cancer Biol Ther"}],"container-title":["Journal of Experimental &amp; Clinical Cancer Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13046-021-02003-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13046-021-02003-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13046-021-02003-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]],"date-time":"2021-06-23T10:11:25Z","timestamp":1624443085000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jeccr.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13046-021-02003-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2003"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13046-021-02003-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-9966"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-9966","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 December 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 June 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 June 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All participates provided informed written consent; and the animal protocol and human subject protocol involved in this study was approved by the institutional Review Board of UT MD Anderson Cancer Center.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors confirm that there are no conflicts of interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"207"}}