{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T03:06:18Z","timestamp":1792724778521,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]],"date-time":"2022-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656374400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]],"date-time":"2022-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004917","name":"Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RR190043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RR190043"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004917","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Exp Clin Cancer Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Lymphoid neoplasms, including multiple myeloma (MM), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and NK\/T cell neoplasms, are a major cause of blood cancer morbidity and mortality. CD38 (cyclic ADP ribose hydrolase) is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on the surface of plasma cells and MM cells. The high expression of CD38 across MM and other lymphoid malignancies and its restricted expression in normal tissues make CD38 an attractive target for immunotherapy. CD38-targeting antibodies, like daratumumab, have been approved for the treatment of MM and tested against lymphoma and leukemia in multiple clinical trials.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We generated chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting CD38 and tested its cytotoxicity against multiple CD38<jats:sup>high<\/jats:sup> and CD38<jats:sup>low<\/jats:sup> lymphoid cancer cells. We evaluated the synergistic effects of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and CAR T cells or daratumumab against cancer cells and xenograft tumors.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>CD38-CAR T cells dramatically inhibited the growth of CD38<jats:sup>high<\/jats:sup> MM, mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), Waldenstrom\u2019s macroglobulinemia (WM), T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), and NK\/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) in vitro and in mouse xenografts. ATRA elevated CD38 expression in multiple CD38<jats:sup>low<\/jats:sup> cancer cells and enhanced the anti-tumor activity of daratumumab and CD38-CAR T cells in xenograft tumors.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>These findings may expand anti-CD38 immunotherapy to a broad spectrum of lymphoid malignancies and call for the incorporation of ATRA into daratumumab or other anti-CD38 immunological agents for cancer therapy.\n<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-022-02421-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]],"date-time":"2022-06-28T07:05:38Z","timestamp":1656399938000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Expanding anti-CD38 immunotherapy for lymphoid malignancies"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Xu","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinfang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Praveen","family":"Neeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingzhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaosheng","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken H.","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8838-1714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2421_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21590","volume":"70","author":"RL Siegel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2020. CA Cancer J Clin. 2020;70(1):7\u201330.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"3 Suppl 8","key":"2421_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1053\/sonc.2002.33531","volume":"29","author":"D Voliotis","year":"2002","unstructured":"Voliotis D, Diehl V. Challenges in treating hematologic malignancies. Semin Oncol. 2002;29(3 Suppl 8):30\u20139.","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2421_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2007-0228","volume":"13","author":"MA Lichtman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lichtman MA. Battling the hematological malignancies: the 200 years\u2019 war. Oncologist. 2008;13(2):126\u201338.","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"2421_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2134","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02134","volume":"9","author":"NW Van De Donk","year":"2018","unstructured":"Van De Donk NW, Usmani SZ. CD38 antibodies in multiple myeloma: Mechanisms of action and modes of resistance. Front Immunol. 2018;9:2134.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2421_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-17-1033","volume":"8","author":"L Chen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chen L, Diao L, Yang Y, Yi X, Rodriguez BL, Li Y, Villalobos PA, Cascone T, Liu X, Tan L. CD38-mediated immunosuppression as a mechanism of tumor cell escape from PD-1\/PD-L1 blockade. Cancer Discov. 2018;8(9):1156\u201375.","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"issue":"1","key":"2421_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-06-740944","volume":"131","author":"NW van de Donk","year":"2018","unstructured":"van de Donk NW, Richardson PG, Malavasi F. CD38 antibodies in multiple myeloma: back to the future. Blood. 2018;131(1):13\u201329.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"4","key":"2421_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1309\/74R4TB90BUWH27JX","volume":"121","author":"P Lin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lin P, Owens R, Tricot G, Wilson CS. Flow cytometric immunophenotypic analysis of 306 cases of multiple myeloma. Am J Clin Pathol. 2004;121(4):482\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"2421_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2722","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02722","volume":"9","author":"F Morandi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Morandi F, Horenstein AL, Costa F, Giuliani N, Pistoia V, Malavasi F. CD38: A Target for Immunotherapeutic Approaches in Multiple Myeloma. Front Immunol. 2018;9:2722.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2421_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1517\/13543784.2014.889681","volume":"23","author":"JP Laubach","year":"2014","unstructured":"Laubach JP, Tai YT, Richardson PG, Anderson KC. Daratumumab granted breakthrough drug status. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2014;23(4):445\u201352.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Investig Drugs"},{"issue":"5","key":"2421_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2018.12.013","volume":"19","author":"G Salles","year":"2019","unstructured":"Salles G, Gopal AK, Minnema MC, Wakamiya K, Feng H, Schecter JM, Wang M. Phase 2 study of daratumumab in relapsed\/refractory mantle-cell lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and follicular lymphoma. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2019;19(5):275\u201384.","journal-title":"Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk"},{"issue":"6","key":"2421_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2016.36","volume":"13","author":"HJ Jackson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jackson HJ, Rafiq S, Brentjens RJ. Driving CAR T-cells forward. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2016;13(6):370.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"18","key":"2421_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4817","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-04-348540","volume":"118","author":"RJ Brentjens","year":"2011","unstructured":"Brentjens RJ, Rivi\u00e8re I, Park JH, Davila ML, Wang X, Stefanski J, Taylor C, Yeh R, Bartido S, Borquez-Ojeda O. Safety and persistence of adoptively transferred autologous CD19-targeted T cells in patients with relapsed or chemotherapy refractory B-cell leukemias. Blood. 2011;118(18):4817\u201328 (blood-2011-2004-348540).","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"16","key":"2421_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1215134","volume":"368","author":"SA Grupp","year":"2013","unstructured":"Grupp SA, Kalos M, Barrett D, Aplenc R, Porter DL, Rheingold SR, Teachey DT, Chew A, Hauck B, Wright JF. Chimeric antigen receptor\u2013modified T cells for acute lymphoid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(16):1509\u201318.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"16","key":"2421_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1407222","volume":"371","author":"SL Maude","year":"2014","unstructured":"Maude SL, Frey N, Shaw PA, Aplenc R, Barrett DM, Bunin NJ, Chew A, Gonzalez VE, Zheng Z, Lacey SF. Chimeric antigen receptor T cells for sustained remissions in leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(16):1507\u201317.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"2421_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2024850","volume":"384","author":"NC Munshi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Munshi NC, Anderson LD Jr, Shah N, Madduri D, Berdeja J, Lonial S, Raje N, Lin Y, Siegel D, Oriol A. Idecabtagene vicleucel in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(8):705\u201316.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"2421_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1946","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2017.04.024","volume":"25","author":"E Drent","year":"2017","unstructured":"Drent E, Themeli M, Poels R, de Jong-Korlaar R, Yuan H, de Bruijn J, Martens ACM, Zweegman S, van de Donk N, Groen RWJ, et al. A Rational Strategy for Reducing On-Target Off-Tumor Effects of CD38-Chimeric Antigen Receptors by Affinity Optimization. Mol Ther. 2017;25(8):1946\u201358.","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"issue":"5","key":"2421_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2015.137620","volume":"101","author":"E Drent","year":"2016","unstructured":"Drent E, Groen RW, Noort WA, Themeli M, van Bueren JJL, Parren PW, Kuball J, Sebestyen Z, Yuan H, de Bruijn J. Pre-clinical evaluation of CD38 chimeric antigen receptor engineered T cells for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Haematologica. 2016;101(5):616\u201325 (haematol. 2015.137620).","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"7","key":"2421_CR18","first-page":"689","volume":"32","author":"JN Kochenderfer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kochenderfer JN, Feldman SA, Zhao Y, Xu H, Black MA, Morgan RA, Wilson WH, Rosenberg SA. Construction and pre-clinical evaluation of an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor. J Immunother (Hagerstown, Md: 1997). 2009;32(7):689.","journal-title":"J Immunother (Hagerstown, Md: 1997)"},{"issue":"12","key":"2421_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2020004918","volume":"137","author":"X Yu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yu X, Li W, Deng Q, Liu H, Wang X, Hu H, Cao Y, Xu-Monette ZY, Li L, Zhang M, et al. MYD88 L265P elicits mutation-specific ubiquitination to drive NF-kappaB activation and lymphomagenesis. Blood. 2021;137(12):1615\u201327.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"10","key":"2421_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2039","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2015.123","volume":"29","author":"IS Nijhof","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nijhof IS, Groen RW, Lokhorst HM, van Kessel B, Bloem AC, van Velzen J, de Jong-Korlaar R, Yuan H, Noort WA, Klein SK, et al. Upregulation of CD38 expression on multiple myeloma cells by all-trans retinoic acid improves the efficacy of daratumumab. Leukemia. 2015;29(10):2039\u201349.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"1","key":"2421_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-10-29","volume":"10","author":"Z Zheng","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zheng Z, Chinnasamy N, Morgan RA. Protein L: a novel reagent for the detection of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) expression by flow cytometry. J Transl Med. 2012;10(1):29.","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"2421_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41389-020-00257-z","volume":"9","author":"M Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu M, Wang X, Li W, Yu X, Flores-Villanueva P, Xu-Monette ZY, Li L, Zhang M, Young KH, Ma X. Targeting PD-L1 in non-small cell lung cancer using CAR T cells. Oncogenesis. 2020;9(8):1\u201311.","journal-title":"Oncogenesis"},{"issue":"5","key":"2421_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2687","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.5.2687","volume":"174","author":"ME Moreno-Garcia","year":"2005","unstructured":"Moreno-Garcia ME, Lopez-Bojorques LN, Zentella A, Humphries LA, Rawlings DJ, Santos-Argumedo L. CD38 signaling regulates B lymphocyte activation via a phospholipase C (PLC)-gamma 2-independent, protein kinase C, phosphatidylcholine-PLC, and phospholipase D-dependent signaling cascade. J Immunol. 2005;174(5):2687\u201395.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2421_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80353-2","volume":"7","author":"G Shubinsky","year":"1997","unstructured":"Shubinsky G, Schlesinger M. The CD38 lymphocyte differentiation marker: new insight into its ectoenzymatic activity and its role as a signal transducer. Immunity. 1997;7(3):315\u201324.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"12","key":"2421_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.27508","volume":"11","author":"A Rashid","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rashid A, Duan X, Gao F, Yang M, Yen A. Roscovitine enhances all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced nuclear enrichment of an ensemble of activated signaling molecules and augments ATRA-induced myeloid cell differentiation. Oncotarget. 2020;11(12):1017\u201336.","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"12","key":"2421_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2372","DOI":"10.3109\/10428194.2011.603449","volume":"52","author":"M Shen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shen M, Bunaciu RP, Congleton J, Jensen HA, Sayam LG, Varner JD, Yen A. Interferon regulatory factor-1 binds c-Cbl, enhances mitogen activated protein kinase signaling and promotes retinoic acid-induced differentiation of HL-60 human myelo-monoblastic leukemia cells. Leuk Lymphoma. 2011;52(12):2372\u20139.","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"issue":"8","key":"2421_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2013.03.010","volume":"37","author":"A Ovcharenko","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ovcharenko A, Granot G, Shpilberg O, Raanani P. Retinoic acid induces adhesion and migration in NB4 cells through Pyk2 signaling. Leuk Res. 2013;37(8):956\u201362.","journal-title":"Leuk Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"2421_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2017-0229","volume":"22","author":"V Bhatnagar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bhatnagar V, Gormley NJ, Luo L, Shen YL, Sridhara R, Subramaniam S, Shen G, Ma L, Shord S, Goldberg KB. FDA approval summary: daratumumab for treatment of multiple myeloma after one prior therapy. Oncologist. 2017;22(11):1347.","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"issue":"3","key":"2421_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1309\/3G1XDX0DVHBNVKB4","volume":"124","author":"S Konoplev","year":"2005","unstructured":"Konoplev S, Medeiros LJ, Bueso-Ramos CE, Jorgensen JL, Lin P. Immunophenotypic profile of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma\/Waldenstr\u00f6m macroglobulinemia. Am J Clin Pathol. 2005;124(3):414\u201320.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2421_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2007.06526.x","volume":"137","author":"N Parry-Jones","year":"2007","unstructured":"Parry-Jones N, Matutes E, Morilla R, Brito-Babapulle V, Wotherspoon A, Swansbury G, Catovsky D. Cytogenetic abnormalities additional to t (11; 14) correlate with clinical features in leukaemic presentation of mantle cell lymphoma, and may influence prognosis: a study of 60 cases by FISH. Br J Haematol. 2007;137(2):117\u201324.","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2421_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-07-794214","volume":"131","author":"KL Bride","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bride KL, Vincent TL, Im S-Y, Aplenc R, Barrett DM, Carroll WL, Carson R, Dai Y, Devidas M, Dunsmore KP. Preclinical efficacy of daratumumab in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Blood. 2018;131(9):995\u20139 (blood-2017-2007-794214).","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"3","key":"2421_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e100","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2018.192757","volume":"104","author":"J Naik","year":"2018","unstructured":"Naik J, Themeli M, de Jong-Korlaar R, Ruiter RW, Poddighe PJ, Yuan H, de Bruijn JD, Ossenkoppele GJ, Zweegman S, Smit L. CD38 as a therapeutic target for adult acute myeloid leukemia and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Haematologica. 2018;104(3):e100\u20133.","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"4","key":"2421_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2403262","volume":"18","author":"R Suzuki","year":"2004","unstructured":"Suzuki R, Suzumiya J, Nakamura S, Aoki S, Notoya A, Ozaki S, Gondo H, Hino N, Mori H, Sugimori H. Aggressive natural killer-cell leukemia revisited: large granular lymphocyte leukemia of cytotoxic NK cells. Leukemia. 2004;18(4):763.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"8","key":"2421_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-015-2359-2","volume":"94","author":"L Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang L, Wang H. Li P-f, Lu Y, Xia Z-j, Huang H-q, Zhang Y-j: CD38 expression predicts poor prognosis and might be a potential therapy target in extranodal NK\/T cell lymphoma, nasal type. Ann Hematol. 2015;94(8):1381\u20138.","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"issue":"15","key":"2421_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1605684","volume":"375","author":"P Hari","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hari P, Raj RV, Olteanu H. Targeting CD38 in refractory extranodal natural killer Cell\u2013T-cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2016;375(15):1501\u20132.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"2421_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1217374","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2016.1217374","volume":"5","author":"D Atanackovic","year":"2016","unstructured":"Atanackovic D, Steinbach M, Radhakrishnan SV, Luetkens T. Immunotherapies targeting CD38 in Multiple Myeloma. Oncoimmunology. 2016;5(11):e1217374.","journal-title":"Oncoimmunology"},{"issue":"15","key":"2421_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199710093371501","volume":"337","author":"MS Tallman","year":"1997","unstructured":"Tallman MS, Andersen JW, Schiffer CA, Appelbaum FR, Feusner JH, Ogden A, Shepherd L, Willman C, Bloomfield CD, Rowe JM. All-trans-retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 1997;337(15):1021\u20138.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"15","key":"2421_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5328","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0400053101","volume":"101","author":"ZX Shen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Shen ZX, Shi ZZ, Fang J, Gu BW, Li JM, Zhu YM, Shi JY, Zheng PZ, Yan H, Liu YF, et al. All-trans retinoic acid\/As2O3 combination yields a high quality remission and survival in newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004;101(15):5328\u201335.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"23","key":"2421_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5128","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2021005220","volume":"5","author":"KA Frerichs","year":"2021","unstructured":"Frerichs KA, Minnema MC, Levin MD, Broijl A, Bos GMJ, Kersten MJ, Mutis T, Verkleij CPM, Nijhof IS, Maas-Bosman PWC, et al. Efficacy and safety of daratumumab combined with all-trans retinoic acid in relapsed\/refractory multiple myeloma. Blood Adv. 2021;5(23):5128\u201339.","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"3","key":"2421_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-009-0295-4","volume":"89","author":"T Sonoki","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sonoki T, Li Y, Miyanishi S, Nakamine H, Hanaoka N, Matsuoka H, Mori I, Nakakuma H. Establishment of a novel CD20 negative mature B-cell line, WILL2, from a CD20 positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patient treated with rituximab. Int J Hematol. 2009;89(3):400\u20132.","journal-title":"Int J Hematol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Experimental &amp; Clinical Cancer Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13046-022-02421-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13046-022-02421-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13046-022-02421-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]],"date-time":"2022-06-28T07:15:21Z","timestamp":1656400521000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jeccr.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13046-022-02421-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2421"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13046-022-02421-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-9966"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-9966","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 February 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 April 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 June 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Animal experiments are approved by the Cleveland Clinic and Baylor College of Medicine Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. There is no human subject participation.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"This study does not include any individual person\u2019s data in any form.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no financial and non-financial competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"210"}}