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Chronic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, as its most common causative agents, can be detected in 100% of NPC types. In-depth studies of the cellular and molecular events leading to immunosuppression in NPC have revealed new therapeutic targets and diverse combinations that promise to benefit patients with highly refractory, advanced and metastatic NPC. This paper reviews the mechanisms by which NPC cells to circumvent immune surveillance and approaches being attempted to restore immunity. We integrate existing insights into anti-NPC immunity and molecular signaling pathways as well as targeting therapies in anticipation of broader applicability and effectiveness in advanced metastatic NPC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-022-02457-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,13]],"date-time":"2022-08-13T13:03:54Z","timestamp":1660395834000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Revealing the crosstalk between nasopharyngeal\u00a0carcinoma and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Jianyun","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2642-3135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongmei","family":"Ying","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2457_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14121","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms14121","volume":"8","author":"YY Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li YY, Chung GTY, Lui VWY, To K-F, Ma BBY, Chow C, Woo JKS, Yip KY, Seo J, Hui EP, et al. 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