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As new methods of therapy using cold (cryotherapy) are emerging for the treatment of musculoskeletal conditions, little evidence exists to support their use. NCS, which provokes a rapid cooling of the skin with the liberation of pressured CO\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , is a method believed to accelerate the resorption of edema and recovery in the case of traumatic injuries.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Forty\u2010one participants with acute LAS were randomly assigned either to a group that received in\u2010clinic physiotherapy treatments and NCS (experimental NCS group,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200920), or to a group that received the same in\u2010clinic physiotherapy treatments and traditional ice application (comparison ice group,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200921). Primary (Lower Extremity Functional Scale \u2010 LEFS) and secondary (visual analog scale for pain intensity at rest and during usual activities in the last 48\u2009h, Figure of Eight measurement of edema, and weight bearing lunge for ankle dorsiflexion range of motion) outcomes were evaluated at baseline (T0), after one week (T1), two weeks (T2), four weeks (T4) and finally, after six weeks (T6). The effects of interventions were assessed using two\u2010way ANOVA\u2010type Nonparametric Analysis for Longitudinal Data (nparLD).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      No significant group\u2010time interaction or group effect was observed for all outcomes (0.995\u2009\u2265\u2009\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2265\u20090.057) following the intervention. Large time effects were however observed for all outcomes (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009 0.0001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Results suggest that neurocryostimulation is no more effective than traditional ice application in improving functional recovery, pain, edema, and ankle dorsiflexion ROM during the first six weeks of physiotherapy treatments in individuals with acute LAS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Therapy, level 1b.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT02945618\">NCT02945618<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      . Registered 23 October 2016 \u2010 Retrospectively registered (25 participants recruited prior to registration, 17 participants after).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13047-020-00436-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T07:03:23Z","timestamp":1606806203000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Should ice application be replaced with neurocryostimulation for the treatment of acute lateral ankle sprains? 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All participants signed an informed consent prior to inclusion.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The research team received funding from Cryofos Medical GmbH, manufacturer of the NCS device used in this study, as well as from Atlas Medic, distributor of Cryofos products in Canada. The unit used in the study was loaned free of charge by Atlas Medic. Cryofos Medical GmbH and Atlas-Medic were consulted in regard to the study design prior to beginning of recruitment (mainly for NCS application protocols). They were not involved (nor were any other funding body) in data collection, analysis, and interpretation, in the writing of the manuscript or in the decision to submit for publication.The authors declare that they have no other apparent or real conflict of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"69"}}