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Their lateral dynamic X\u2010ray data during the stance phase, including 14\u00a0non\u2010flatfeet and 10 flatfeet, was collected. A computer\u2010aided simulated light source for 3D CT model was applied to obtain the virtual images, which were matched with the dynamic X\u2010ray images to register in the \u201cFluo\u201d software, so that the spatial changes during the stance phase could be calculated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the early\u2010stance phase, the calcaneous was more dorsiflexed, everted, and externally\u2010rotated relative to the talus in flatfoot compared with that in non\u2010flatfoot (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). During the mid\u2010stance phase, the calcaneous was more dorsiflexed and everted relative to the talus in flatfoot compared with that in non\u2010flatfoot (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05); however, the rotation did not differ significantly between the two groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). During the late\u2010stance phase, the calcaneous was more plantarflexed, but less inverted and internally\u2010rotated, relative to the talus in flatfoot compared with that in non\u2010flatfoot (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). During the early\u2010 and mid\u2010stance phase, the navicular was more dorsiflexed, everted, and externally\u2010rotated relative to the talus in flatfoot compared with that in non\u2010flatfoot (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). During the late\u2010stance phase, the navicular was more plantarflexed, but less inverted and internally\u2010rotated, relative to the talus in flatfoot compared with that in non\u2010flatfoot (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). There was no difference in the motion of cuboid between the two groups during the whole stance phase (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the early\u2010 and mid\u2010stance phase, excessive motion was observed in the subtalar and talonavicular joints in stage II AAFD. During the late\u2010stance phase, the motion of subtalar and talonavicular joints appeared to be in the dysfunction state. The current study helps better understanding the biomechanics of the hindfoot during non\u2010flatfoot and flatfoot condition which is critical to the intervention to the AAFD using conservative treatment such as insole or surgical treatment for joint hypermotion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13047-022-00577-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,13]],"date-time":"2022-10-13T09:02:54Z","timestamp":1665651774000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparison of in vivo hindfoot joints motion changes during stance phase between non\u2010flatfoot and stage II adult acquired flatfoot"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Zhenhan","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Shenzhen Second People's Hospital Shenzhen Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zijun","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Shenzhen Second People's Hospital Shenzhen Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine and Infection Prevention and Control The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Shenzhen Second People's Hospital 518035 Shenzhen Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fanglin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Liuzhou Worker's Hospital 545000 Liuzhou Guangxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiqin","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hand and Foot Surgery Department The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Shenzhen Second People's Hospital Shenzhen Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yusheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine 310003 Hangzhou Zhejiang China"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Liuzhou Worker's Hospital 545000 Liuzhou Guangxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2019190046"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2473011421S00406"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1083\u20107515(03)00152\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100715574933"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086\u2010198902000\u201000022"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623\u2010199709000\u201000023"},{"issue":"39","key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","first-page":"3314","article-title":"Tibialis posterior tendon dysfunction. 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