{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:07:50Z","timestamp":1791245270072,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,4]],"date-time":"2019-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570147200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,4]],"date-time":"2019-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Ovarian Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n              <jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A retrospective case-control study was performed to evaluate whether PCOS-specific serum markers would change in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) during the course of two consecutive cycles of clomiphene citrate (CC)-stimulation, which did not lead to a pregnancy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>\n              <jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Anovulatory PCOS patients who underwent two consecutive CC-cycles (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200941) and anovulatory PCOS controls who chose an observational approach for two months (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200924) were included in the study. The main outcome measures were levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), total testosterone, androstenedione, and sexual hormone binding globulin (SHBG).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>\n              <jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In the control group, PCOS-specific serum parameters did not change during two months (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). In the CC-group, there were decreases in LH (11.8\u2009\u00b1\u20094.9\u2009mU\/mL vs. 10.9\u2009\u00b1\u20094.0\u2009mU\/mL; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.029), the LH:FSH ratio (2.1\u2009\u00b1\u20090.8\u2009mU\/mL vs. 1.8\u2009\u00b1\u20090.5\u2009mU\/mL; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007), and AMH (8.08\u2009\u00b1\u20094.27\u2009ng\/mL vs. 7.17\u2009\u00b1\u20093.37\u2009ng\/mL; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.011), as well as an increase in SHBG (46.0\u2009\u00b1\u200920.2\u2009nmol\/L vs. 51.2\u2009\u00b1\u200921.0\u2009nmol\/L; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). A higher age and lower baseline total testosterone and AMH levels were predictive of an AMH decline (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>\n              <jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Two cycles of CC-stimulation that did not lead to a pregnancy were accompanied by mean LH, AMH, and LH:FSH ratio declines and an SHBG increase. The clinical significance seems of minor relevance.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13048-019-0564-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,4]],"date-time":"2019-10-04T09:04:59Z","timestamp":1570179899000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Changes in serum markers of patients with PCOS during consecutive clomiphene stimulation cycles: a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Marlene","family":"Hager","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"H\u00f6rath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Frigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Koch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrig","family":"Marculescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2761-5262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johannes","family":"Ott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"564_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2745","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-032046","volume":"89","author":"R Azziz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Azziz R, Woods KS, Reyna R, Key TJ, Knochenhauer ES, Yildiz BO. 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All study procedures followed the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"None required.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"J.O. received remuneration for lecturing from Lenus Pharma GesmbH outside the submitted work. All other authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"91"}}