{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T20:47:16Z","timestamp":1793998036318,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627430400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"\u00d6sterreichische Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Notfall- und Katastrophenmedizin","award":["Reinhard Malzer Award"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Reinhard Malzer Award"]}]},{"name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein - Campus Kiel"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Previous studies have stated that hyperventilation often occurs in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) mainly due to excessive ventilation frequencies, especially when a manual valve bag is used. Transport ventilators may provide mandatory ventilation with predetermined tidal volumes and without the risk of hyperventilation. Nonetheless, interactions between chest compressions and ventilations are likely to occur. We investigated whether transport ventilators can provide adequate alveolar ventilation during continuous chest compression in adult CPR.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A three-period crossover study with three common transport ventilators in a cadaver model of CPR was carried out. The three ventilators \u2018MEDUMAT Standard\u00b2\u2019, \u2018Oxylog 3000 plus\u2019, and \u2018Monnal T60\u2019 represent three different interventions, providing volume-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation (VC-CMV) via an endotracheal tube with a tidal volume of 6 mL\/kg predicted body weight. Proximal airflow was measured, and the net tidal volume was derived for each respiratory cycle. The deviation from the predetermined tidal volume was calculated and analysed. Several mixed linear models were calculated with the cadaver as a random factor and ventilator, height, sex, crossover period and incremental number of each ventilation within the period as covariates to evaluate differences between ventilators.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Overall median deviation of net tidal volume from predetermined tidal volume was \u2212\u200921.2\u2009% (IQR: 19.6, range: [\u2212\u200987.9\u2009%; 25.8\u2009%]) corresponding to a tidal volume of 4.75 mL\/kg predicted body weight (IQR: 1.2, range: [0.7; 7.6]). In a mixed linear model, the ventilator model, the crossover period, and the cadaver\u2019s height were significant factors for decreased tidal volume. The estimated effects of tidal volume deviation for each ventilator were \u2212\u200914.5\u2009% [95\u2009%-CI: \u221222.5; \u22126.5] (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0004) for \u2018Monnal T60\u2019, \u2212\u200930.6\u2009% [95\u2009%-CI: \u221238.6; \u221222.6] (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) for \u2018Oxylog 3000 plus\u2019 and \u2212\u200931.0\u2009% [95\u2009%-CI: \u221238.9; \u221223.0] (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) for \u2018MEDUMAT Standard\u00b2\u2019.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>All investigated transport ventilators were able to provide alveolar ventilation even though chest compressions considerably decreased tidal volumes. Our results support the concept of using ventilators to avoid excessive ventilatory rates in CPR. This experimental study suggests that healthcare professionals should carefully monitor actual tidal volumes to recognise the occurrence of hypoventilation during continuous chest compressions.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-021-00921-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T08:03:06Z","timestamp":1627459386000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Reliability of mechanical ventilation during continuous chest compressions: a crossover study of transport ventilators in a human cadaver model of CPR"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7799-4822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Orlob","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Wittig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Hobisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Auinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Honnef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Fellinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Ristl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Otmar","family":"Schindler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Metnitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Feigl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Prause","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"921_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2021.02.007","volume":"161","author":"J-T Gr\u00e4sner","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gr\u00e4sner J-T, Herlitz J, Tjelmeland IBM, Wnent J, Masterson S, Lilja G, et al. European resuscitation council guidelines 2021: epidemiology of cardiac arrest in Europe. Resuscitation. 2021;161:61\u201379.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"921_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2021.02.007","volume":"161","author":"J-T Gr\u00e4sner","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gr\u00e4sner J-T, Wnent J, Herlitz J, Perkins GD, Lefering R, Tjelmeland I, et al. Survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Europe - results of the EuReCa TWO study. Resuscitation. 2020;161:61\u201379.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"921_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-2773-2","volume":"24","author":"S Yan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yan S, Gan Y, Jiang N, Wang R, Chen Y, Luo Z, et al. The global survival rate among adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients who received cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care. 2020;24:61.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"921_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1961.03040200010003","volume":"176","author":"P Safar","year":"1961","unstructured":"Safar P, Brown TC, Holtey WJ, Wilder RJ. Ventilation and circulation with closed-chest cardiac massage in man. JAMA. 1961;176:574.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"921_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1097\/MCC.0000000000000415","volume":"23","author":"MP Chang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chang MP, Idris AH. The past, present, and future of ventilation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2017;23:188\u201392.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Crit Care"},{"key":"921_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.07775","volume":"66","author":"D Orso","year":"2020","unstructured":"Orso D, Vetrugno L, Federici N, Borselli M, Spadaro S, Cammarota G, et al. Mechanical ventilation management during mechanical chest compressions. Respir Care. 2020;66:334\u201346.","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"key":"921_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1960","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000126594.79136.61","volume":"109","author":"TP Aufderheide","year":"2004","unstructured":"Aufderheide TP, Sigurdsson G, Pirrallo RG, Yannopoulos D, McKnite S, von Briesen C, et al. Hyperventilation-induced hypotension during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Circulation. 2004;109:1960\u20135.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"921_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2006.09.012","volume":"73","author":"JF O\u2019Neill","year":"2007","unstructured":"O\u2019Neill JF, Deakin CD. Do we hyperventilate cardiac arrest patients? Resuscitation. 2007;73:82\u20135.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"921_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198302000-00004","volume":"11","author":"J Ornato","year":"1983","unstructured":"Ornato J, Bryson B, Donovan P, Farquharson R, Jaeger C. Measurement of ventilation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Crit Care Med. 1983;11:79\u201382.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"921_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2003.12.017","volume":"61","author":"E Dorph","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dorph E, Wik L, Steen PA. Arterial blood gases with 700 ml tidal volumes during out-of-hospital CPR. Resuscitation. 2004;61:23\u20137.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"921_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2018.03.035","volume":"129","author":"C Duchatelet","year":"2018","unstructured":"Duchatelet C, Kalmar AF, Monsieurs KG, Hachimi-Idrissi S. Chest compressions during ventilation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cause reversed airflow. Resuscitation. 2018;129:97\u2013102.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"921_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Olasveengen TM, Caen AR de, Mancini ME, Maconochie IK, Aickin R, Atkins DL, et al. 2017 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations Summary. Resuscitation. 2017;121:201\u201314.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2017.10.021"},{"key":"921_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1161\/hc0502.102963","volume":"105","author":"KB Kern","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kern KB, Hilwig RW, Berg RA, Sanders AB, Ewy GA. Importance of Continuous Chest Compressions During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Circulation. 2002;105:645\u20139.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"921_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2465","DOI":"10.1161\/hc4501.098926","volume":"104","author":"RA Berg","year":"2001","unstructured":"Berg RA, Sanders AB, Kern KB, Hilwig RW, Heidenreich JW, Porter ME, et al. Adverse Hemodynamic Effects of Interrupting Chest Compressions for Rescue Breathing During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest. Circulation. 2001;104:2465\u201370.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"921_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2015.07.016","volume":"95","author":"J Soar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Soar J, Nolan JP, B\u00f6ttiger BW, Perkins GD, Lott C, Carli P, et al. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2015. Resuscitation. 2015;95:100\u201347.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"921_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2333","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-017-0615-7","volume":"34","author":"T Speer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Speer T, Dersch W, Kleine B, Neuhaus C, Kill C. Mechanical ventilation during resuscitation: how manual chest compressions affect a ventilator\u2019s function. Adv Ther. 2017;34:2333\u201344.","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"key":"921_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/S0940-9602(11)80346-8","volume":"174","author":"W Thiel","year":"1992","unstructured":"Thiel W. Die Konservierung ganzer Leichen in nat\u00fcrlichen Farben. Ann Anat. 1992;174:185\u201395.","journal-title":"Ann Anat"},{"key":"921_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0940-9602(02)80121-2","volume":"184","author":"W Thiel","year":"2002","unstructured":"Thiel W. Erg\u00e4nzung f\u00fcr die Konservierung ganzer Leichen nach W. Thiel. Ann Anat. 2002;184:267\u20139.","journal-title":"Ann Anat"},{"key":"921_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2018.01.012","volume":"125","author":"E Charbonney","year":"2018","unstructured":"Charbonney E, Delisle S, Savary D, Bronchti G, Rigollot M, Drouet A, et al. A new physiological model for studying the effect of chest compression and ventilation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation: the Thiel cadaver. Resuscitation. 2018;125:135\u201342.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"921_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2019.08.009","volume":"143","author":"H Duhem","year":"2019","unstructured":"Duhem H, Viglino D, Bellier A, Tanguy S, Descombe V, Boucher F, et al. Cadaver models for cardiac arrest: a systematic review and perspectives. Resuscitation. 2019;143:68\u201376.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"921_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-54853-0_15","volume-title":"Beatmung","author":"R Larsen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Larsen R, Ziegenfu\u00df T, Mathes A. Einstellgr\u00f6\u00dfen am Beatmungsger\u00e4t. In: Larsen R, Ziegenfu\u00df T, Mathes A, editors. Beatmung. 6th ed. Heidelberg: Springer; 2018. p. 263\u201383.","edition":"6"},{"key":"921_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2015.07.015","volume":"95","author":"GD Perkins","year":"2015","unstructured":"Perkins GD, Handley AJ, Koster RW, Castr\u00e9n M, Smyth MA, Olasveengen T, et al. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2015 Sec.\u00a02. Adult basic life support and automated external defibrillation. Resuscitation. 2015;95:81\u201399.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"921_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2015.07.016","volume":"95","author":"J Soar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Soar J, Nolan JP, B\u00f6ttiger BW, Perkins GD, Lott C, Carli P, et al. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2015 Sec.\u00a03. Adult advanced life support. Resuscitation. 2015;95:100\u201347.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"921_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Orlob S, Hobisch C, Wittig J, Auinger D, Honnef G, Touzil O, et al. Data for: Do emergency ventilators deliver preset tidal volumes? - Mechanical ventilation in a human cadaver model of asynchronous cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Data Mendeley. 2020;V1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17632\/vh4tdsscns.1","DOI":"10.17632\/vh4tdsscns.1"},{"key":"921_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Orlob S, Hobisch C. ThielViewer - an interactive visualization tool for: Do emergency ventilators deliver preset tidal volumes? - Mechanical ventilation in a human cadaver model of asynchronous cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Mendeley Data. 2021;V3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17632\/43h7zzp67k.3.","DOI":"10.17632\/43h7zzp67k.3"},{"key":"921_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2016.06.013","volume":"106","author":"W Spindelboeck","year":"2016","unstructured":"Spindelboeck W, Gemes G, Strasser C, Toescher K, Kores B, Metnitz P, et al. Arterial blood gases during and their dynamic changes after cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A prospective clinical study. Resuscitation. 2016;106:24\u20139.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"921_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2021.03.008","volume":"162","author":"G Prause","year":"2021","unstructured":"Prause G, Zoidl P, Zajic P. Hyperventilation is uncommon during cardio-pulmonary resuscitation: a preliminary observational study. Resuscitation. 2021;162:257\u20138.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"921_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gazmuri RJ, Ayoub IM, Radhakrishnan J, Motl J, Upadhyaya MP. Clinically plausible hyperventilation does not exert adverse hemodynamic effects during CPR but markedly reduces end-tidal PCO2. Resuscitation. 2012;83:259\u201364.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2011.07.034"},{"key":"921_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2021.05.040","volume":"165","author":"S Orlob","year":"2021","unstructured":"Orlob S, Wittig J, Tenhunen J, Wnent J, Gr\u00e4sner J-T, Prause G. Never quite there? - Hyperventilation in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Resuscitation. 2021;165:138\u20139.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"921_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2021.02.010","volume":"161","author":"J Soar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Soar J, B\u00f6ttiger BW, Carli P, Couper K, Deakin CD, Dj\u00e4rv T, et al. European resuscitation council guidelines 2021: adult advanced life support. Resuscitation. 2021;161:115\u201351.","journal-title":"Resuscitation."},{"key":"921_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2013-0453TR","volume":"51","author":"EP Judge","year":"2014","unstructured":"Judge EP, Hughes JML, Egan JJ, Maguire M, Molloy EL, O\u2019Dea S. Anatomy and bronchoscopy of the porcine lung. a model for translational respiratory medicine. Am J Resp Cell Mol. 2014;51:334\u201343.","journal-title":"Am J Resp Cell Mol"},{"key":"921_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.1995.tb03100.x","volume":"2","author":"K Davis","year":"1995","unstructured":"Davis K, Johannigman JA, Johnson RC, Branson RD. Lung compliance following cardiac arrest. Acad Emerg Med. 1995;2:874\u20138.","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"921_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2020.06.001","volume":"153","author":"JP Nolan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nolan JP, Monsieurs KG, Bossaert L, B\u00f6ttiger BW, Greif R, Lott C, et al. European Resuscitation Council COVID-19 guidelines executive summary. Resuscitation. 2020;153:45\u201355.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"921_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2126","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1208707","volume":"369","author":"AS Slutsky","year":"2013","unstructured":"Slutsky AS, Ranieri VM. Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury. New Engl J Med. 2013;369:2126\u201336.","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"921_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schuppen H van, Boomars R, Kooij FO, Tex P, den, Koster RW, Hollmann MW. Optimising airway management and ventilation during prehospital advanced life support in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest - a narrative review. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2020;35:67\u201382.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpa.2020.11.003"},{"key":"921_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10071-23464","volume":"24","author":"P Aggarwal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aggarwal P, Jamshed N, Sahu AK, Timilsina G, Mathew R. \u201cSix-dial Strategy\u201c-Mechanical Ventilation during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Indian J Critical Care Med. 2020;24:487\u20139.","journal-title":"Indian J Critical Care Med"},{"key":"921_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201806-1111OC","volume":"199","author":"DL Grieco","year":"2018","unstructured":"Grieco DL, Brochard LJ, Drouet A, Telias I, Delisle S, Bronchti G, et al. Intrathoracic Airway Closure Impacts CO2 Signal and Delivered Ventilation during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Am J Resp Crit Care. 2018;199:728\u201337.","journal-title":"Am J Resp Crit Care"},{"key":"921_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2019.06.029","volume":"142","author":"C Duchatelet","year":"2019","unstructured":"Duchatelet C, Wolfskeil M, Vanwulpen M, Idrissi S-H. Effect of positive end-expiratory pressure during cardiopulmonary resuscitation on short-term survival. Resuscitation. 2019;142:e7\u20138.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"921_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9572(02)00031-X","volume":"53","author":"K Markstaller","year":"2002","unstructured":"Markstaller K, Karmrodt J, Doebrich M, Wolcke B, Gervais H, Weiler N, et al. Dynamic computed tomography: a novel technique to study lung aeration and atelectasis formation during experimental CPR. Resuscitation. 2002;53:307\u201313.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"921_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000004409","volume":"129","author":"M Leinonen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Leinonen M, Gravenstein N, Giordano C. Ventilation Is an Important Confounding Variable When End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide Is Used to Help Guide Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Anesth Analg. 2019;129:1436\u20138.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"921_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-019-0674-7","volume":"27","author":"A Khoury","year":"2019","unstructured":"Khoury A, Luca AD, Sall FS, Pazart L, Capellier G. Ventilation feedback device for manual ventilation in simulated respiratory arrest: a crossover manikin study. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2019;27:93.","journal-title":"Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med"},{"key":"921_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1097\/MCC.0000000000000095","volume":"20","author":"F Suarez-Sipmann","year":"2014","unstructured":"Suarez-Sipmann F, Bohm SH, Tusman G. Volumetric capnography: the time has come. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2014;20:333\u20139.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Crit Care"},{"key":"921_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2020.02.039","volume":"150","author":"J Xu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xu J, Yu X, Zhang L, Fu Y, Jin K, Yin L, et al. Modified volumetric capnography-derived parameter: a potentially stable indicator in monitoring cardiopulmonary resuscitation efficacy in a porcine model. Resuscitation. 2020;150:94\u2013101.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"}],"container-title":["Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13049-021-00921-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13049-021-00921-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13049-021-00921-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T08:08:29Z","timestamp":1627459709000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/sjtrem.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13049-021-00921-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["921"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13049-021-00921-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-7241"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-7241","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 April 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 July 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 July 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All bodies were donated to the Chair of Macroscopic and Clinical Anatomy of the Medical University of Graz, under the strict rules of the anatomical donation program according to the Styrian burial law for scientific purposes. Hence, no additional approval by the local ethical board was necessary.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"SO has received a grant to fund this study (s. above). GP has given a talk at a national symposium, invited by RWM Medizintechnik GmbH. All other authors have no personal conflict of interest.Medical devices and equipment used in this study were kindly lent by the following companies: CHEMOMEDICA Medizintechnik und Arzneimittel VertriebsgmbH, L\u00f6wenstein Medical Austria GmbH, Sanitas GmbH, GS Elektromedizinische Ger\u00e4te G. Stemple GmbH, Dr\u00e4ger Austria GmbH, WEINMANN Emergency Medical Technology, RWM Medizintechnik GmbH. No company or manufacturer had influence on the study protocol, statistical analyses, nor was involved in writing of this paper.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"102"}}